LAND USE/HUMAN SETTLEMENT

1979 ◽  
pp. 111-146
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Settlement

scholarly journals Adaptability Evaluation of Human Settlements in Chengdu Based on 3S Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wende Chen ◽  
kun zhu ◽  
QUN WU ◽  
Yankun CAI ◽  
Yutian LU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Residential Environment ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Correlation Degree

Abstract Taking Chengdu as the research object, the natural eco-environmental factors such as topography, climate, vegetation, land use and vegetation cover were selected, together with human disturbance factors such as traffic and GDP, and the index weights were calculated by AHP. Based on 3S technology, projection transformation, remote sensing interpretation, information extraction and analysis are carried out, and evaluation model of Chengdu's residential environment adaptability is constructed, which reflects the zoning and spatial distribution characteristics of Chengdu's residential environment adaptability. The results show that: 1) The adaptability index of Chengdu's human settlement environment is between 15.98 and 76.75, and the suitability of human settlement environment is gradually decreasing from the middle to the east and west of Chengdu, and most areas are restricted by human production activities and natural conditions. 2) According to the actual situation, the suitability index can be divided into High-grade suitable areas (284.36 km2, 2.01%), relatively High-grade suitable areas (1802.13 km2, 12.71%), moderately suitable areas (3721.49 km2, 26.24%) and low suitable areas (3731.49 km2, 26.31%). 3) The correlation degree between the spatial distribution of Chengdu population and each index factor is as follows: per capita GDP> topographic relief > temperature and humidity > vegetation coverage > traffic network density > land use > hydrological factors. 4) There is a good correlation between Chengdu human settlements suitability index and the current population density grid layer, and its correlation coefficient is 0.7326. 5) The leading impact indicators of human settlements in different regions are different. The results show that the natural environment conditions in Chengdu are superior and the ecological environment quality is relatively stable, but the human settlement suitability index in the southeast and Longmenshan areas of Chengdu is relatively low. Therefore, in the future development planning of Chengdu, it is necessary to combine the actual environmental conditions and resource carrying capacity, and rationally carry out urban optimization and beautiful countryside construction.

scholarly journals Quantitative Responses of Satellite-Derived Nighttime Lighting Signals to Anthropogenic Land-Use and Land-Cover Changes across China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ma
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Settlement Dynamics ◽  
Nighttime Light

Remotely sensed artificial lighting radiances at night can provide spatially explicit proxy measures of the magnitude of human activity. Satellite-derived nighttime light images, mainly provided by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) day/night band (DNB), have been increasingly used to study demographic and socioeconomic activities for a wide range of issues—for instance, human population dynamics, economic growth, and urbanization process—at multiple scales. In practice, the lack of texture information regarding man-made surfaces would usually lead to substantial difficulty in delineating the spatial dynamics in human settlements due to the diverse distributions of artificial nocturnal lighting sources, which are closely related to the predominant land-use/land-cover (LULC) types and their evolutions. An understanding of how nighttime lighting signals respond to synchronous anthropogenic LULC changes, therefore, is crucially important for the spatiotemporal investigations of human settlement dynamics. In this study, we used DMSP-derived nighttime light (NTL) data and Landsat-derived LULC maps to quantitatively estimate the pixel-level responses of NTL signals to different types of human-induced LULC conversions between 1995 and 2010 across China. Our results suggest that the majority (>70%) of pixel-level LULC conversions into artificial lands (including urban, rural, and built-up lands) might show a statistically significant increase in nighttime brightness with an average >20 (in digital number, DN) step change in nighttime lights (dNTL), both of which are distinctly higher than that in the LULC conversions into non-man-made surfaces on the whole. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve-based analysis implies that we might have an average chance of ~90% to identify the nationwide LULC conversions into man-made surfaces from all types of conversions through the observed changes in artificial nocturnal luminosity signals. Moreover, ROC curve-based analyses also yield two nation-level optimal dNTL thresholds of 4.8 and 7.8 DN for recognizing newly emerged three types of artificial lands and urban lands between 1995 and 2010 across the entire country, respectively. In short, our findings reveal fundamental insights into the quantitative connections between the anthropogenic LULC changes and the corresponding responses of synchronous nightlight signals at the pixel-level, which are generally essential for further applications of satellite-derived nocturnal luminosity data in the spatiotemporal investigations of human settlement dynamics.

scholarly journals Principles and Applications of the Global Human Settlement Layer as Baseline for the Land Use Efficiency Indicator—SDG 11.3.1

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Melchiorri ◽  
Martino Pesaresi ◽  
Aneta Florczyk ◽  
Christina Corbane ◽  
Thomas Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Density ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Use Efficiency

The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) produces new global spatial information, evidence-based analytics describing the human presence on the planet that is based mainly on two quantitative factors: (i) the spatial distribution (density) of built-up structures and (ii) the spatial distribution (density) of resident people. Both of the factors are observed in the long-term temporal domain and per unit area, in order to support the analysis of the trends and indicators for monitoring the implementation of the 2030 Development Agenda and the related thematic agreements. The GHSL uses various input data, including global, multi-temporal archives of high-resolution satellite imagery, census data, and volunteered geographic information. In this paper, we present a global estimate for the Land Use Efficiency (LUE) indicator—SDG 11.3.1, for circa 10,000 urban centers, calculating the ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate between 1990 and 2015. In addition, we analyze the characteristics of the GHSL information to demonstrate how the original frameworks of data (gridded GHSL data) and tools (GHSL tools suite), developed from Earth Observation and integrated with census information, could support Sustainable Development Goals monitoring. In particular, we demonstrate the potential of gridded, open and free, local yet globally consistent, multi-temporal data in filling the data gap for Sustainable Development Goal 11. The results of our research demonstrate that there is potential to raise SDG 11.3.1 from a Tier II classification (manifesting unavailability of data) to a Tier I, as GHSL provides a global baseline for the essential variables called by the SDG 11.3.1 metadata.

scholarly journals Ranging of older male elephants introduced to an existing small population without older males: Pilanesberg National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Slotow ◽  
G. Van Dyk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
African Savanna ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Older Males

The African elephant Loxodonta africana is one of the key components of African savanna. Not only do they play a crucial role in the ecosystem (Dublin et al. 1990; Van de Vijver et al. 1999), but they also provide one of the integral parts of sustainable conservation through ecotourism (e.g. Brown 1993) and consumptive utilisation (Taylor 1993). The ever-expanding transformation of savanna land-use through human settlement is resulting in the isolation of elephants into small populations. Furthermore, in South Africa, the reclamation of ranch land as game areas has resulted in the reintroduction of elephant to a large number of small, isolated, fenced reserves.

scholarly journals Reading Three Landscapes in the Nineteenth-Century U.S. West

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-408
Author(s):  
Ronan O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Field Systems ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Chart Patterns ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Previous work examining the interactions between people and their physical environment in the U.S. West has tended to neglect the spatial scale between individual sites, such as settlements and regions. This study seeks a solution to this problem by testing the methods of landscape history in three case studies in the State of Colorado. The use of historical maps alongside other manuscript sources reveals that western landscapes provide a fruitful arena for such work. For instance, it is possible to show that there is great variation in human settlement and land use within individual landscapes and between the case study areas. At the same time, is has been possible to chart patterns of change and continuity in the human use and alteration of the landscapes through the construction of settlements, roads, and field systems and to suggest reasons why these features took certain forms. Consequently, there is great potential for similar studies elsewhere in the U.S. West, and such studies are likely to have a significant impact upon on our understanding of the region’s history.

Biomarkers in archaeology – Land use around the Uyghur capital Karabalgasun, Orkhon Valley, Mongolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-370
Author(s):  
Jan Bemmann ◽  
Eva Lehndorff ◽  
Riccardo Klinger ◽  
Sven Linzen ◽  
Lkhagvardorj Munkhbayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use History ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Specific Lipids ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Wall System ◽  
Chemical Evidence

Zusammenfassung: Zur Nutzungsanalyse großer ovaler, erstmalig entdeckter und dokumentierter von einem niedrigen Graben-Wall-System umgebener Anlagen wurden Bodenproben auf spezifische Lipide untersucht, die Hinweise auf die Anwesenheit – hinterlassene Verdauungsreste – bestimmter Nutztierarten und Menschen in den beprobten Bereichen geben könnten. Wahrscheinlich dienten die Anlagen dem Gartenbau, sicherlich nicht der Viehhaltung; in den angrenzenden Dachziegel und Keramikscherben aufweisenden viereckigen, deutlich kleineren umwallten Anlagen siedelten Menschen. Solche ovalen Anlagen sind in der Mongolei bisher nur aus dem Umfeld der uighurischen Hauptstadt Karabalgasun bekannt geworden, deren Stadtgebiet eine deutlich größere Fläche einnimmt als bisher angenommen wurde und vielteiliger sowie funktional gegliedert ist. Dieses erste stichpunktartige Ergebnis zeigt das Potential der Lipidanalysen, frühere Landnutzung zu rekonstruieren, beispielsweise Viehhaltung von acker- oder gartenbaulicher Nutzung zu unterscheiden. Gerade dieser viel zu wenig erforschte Aspekt ist für die Einschätzung der häufig postulierten ‚Abhängigkeit‘ der Nomaden von ackerbautreibenden Gesellschaften von zentraler Bedeutung. Résumé: Un échantillonnage du sol à peu de profondeur de la surface du terrain actuel a été effectué afin de déterminer à quoi servaient les grandes enceintes ovales, cernées d’un mur bas et d’un fossé, découvertes et relevées récemment en Mongolie. L’échantillonnage avait pour but l’analyse de lipides spécifiques à certaines espèces; en effet les données provenant de résidus de digestion fournissent de précieuses indications sur les concentrations d’animaux d’élevage spécifiques dans les zones étudiées. Les enceintes ont fort probablement été utilisées à des fins horticoles, et certainement pas pour le bétail. L’habitat humain, documenté par des trouvailles de tuiles et de céramique, se situait dans des enclos carrés et bien plus petits à proximité de ces enceintes. Les enceintes ovales n’ont été repérées en Mongolie que dans les environs de la capitale Ouïghoure de Karabalghasun. L’étendue de cette capitale est de toute évidence bien plus grande que l’on ne l’avait pensé jusqu’à présent, et la zone d’occupation avait été subdivisée en divers secteurs d’activité. Les premiers résultats de notre échantillonnage démontrent que l’analyse des lipides donne l’occasion d’aborder l’étude de la culture des céréales et des légumes sous un nouvel angle. Etant donné le peu de recherches conduites dans ce domaine, cet aspect est particulièrement important pour l’évaluation d’une ‘dépendance’ des nomades envers les sociétés agraires si souvent invoquée. Abstract: In order to investigate the use to which recently discovered and recorded large oval enclosures surrounded by a low wall and ditch were put, a series of topsoil samples were taken and subjected to an analysis of specific lipids; such soil chemical evidence from human and domesticated animal faeces can provide significant insights into the land use history of the areas sampled. The enclosures are likely to have been used for horticulture, and certainly not for keeping livestock. Human settlement, as attested by the presence of roof tiles and ceramic sherds, was in square, enclosed compounds nearby, and these were clearly smaller. Oval complexes have so far only been documented in Mongolia in the vicinity of the Uyghur capital of Karabalgasun. Karabalgasun was evidently much greater in extent than had hitherto been assumed and it was divided into a number of functional areas. Initial results from our targeted samples show that the analysis of lipids has much potential, offering new opportunities to elucidate land use, e.g. the cultivation of cereals and vegetables in contrast to livestock keeping. It is precisely this aspect, so far largely neglected by research, which will allow us to assess the oft-claimed ‘dependence’ of the nomads on agricultural communities.

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