Rheumatic Fever: How Streptococcal Throat Infection Triggers an Autoimmune Disease

2004 ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Guilherme ◽  
Jorge Kalil
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Throat Infection

Pathogenesis: from acute rheumatic fever to rheumatic heart disease

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1137-1138
Author(s):  
John Lawrenson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Throat Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Rheumatic heart disease is considered to be an autoimmune disease; the trigger of the process is a streptococcal throat infection which then initiates both a humeral and a cellular immune response in environmentally and genetically susceptible individuals.

Pathogenesis: from acute rheumatic fever to rheumatic heart disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lawrenson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Throat Infection ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Rheumatic heart disease is considered to be an autoimmune disease; the trigger of the process is a streptococcal throat infection which then initiates both a humeral and a cellular immune response in environmentally and genetically susceptible individuals.

scholarly journals Towards a Vaccine Against Rheumatic Fever

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Guilherme ◽  
K. C. Faé ◽  
F. Higa ◽  
L. Chaves ◽  
S. E. Oshiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Terminal Portion ◽  
B Cell Epitopes

Rheumatic fever (RF) is an autoimmune disease which affects more than 20 million children in developing countries. It is triggered byStreptococcus pyogenesthroat infection in untreated susceptible individuals. Carditis, the most serious manifestation of the disease, leads to severe and permanent valvular lesions, causing chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD). We have been studying the mechanisms leading to pathological autoimmunity in RF/RHD for the last 15 years. Our studies allowed us a better understanding of the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of RHD, paving the way for the development of a safe vaccine for a post-infection autoimmune disease. We have focused on the search for protective T and B cell epitopes by testing 620 human blood samples against overlapping peptides spanning 99 residues of the C-terminal portion of the M protein, differing by one amino acid residue. We identified T and B cell epitopes with 22 and 25 amino acid residues, respectively. Although these epitopes were from different regions of the C-terminal portion of the M protein, they showed an identical core of 16 amino acid residues. Antibodies against the B cell epitope inhibited bacterial invasion/adhesionin vitro. Our results strongly indicated that the selected T and B cell epitopes could potentially be protective againstS. pyogenes.

scholarly journals Recurrent Rheumatic Fever

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patriotika Ismail ◽  
Cecep Suryani Sobur ◽  
Cyntia Olivia
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pharyngeal Infection ◽  
Group A ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Rheumatic fever (RF) may often be encountered in developing country including in Indonesia. RF is autoimmune disease resulted from Group-A Streptococcus upper respiratory tract infection. RF diagnostic criteria underwent some changes since it was first arranged. Patients with RF episode history have a higher risk to experience recurrence following Group-A Streptococcus pharyngeal infection and need long-term antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent severe disease and RHD. Here we present a case of patient who has RF and RHD history since the age of 10 years old. This case is reported to show recurrent RF management and prophylaxis treatment that can be done next to prevent recurrence of RF in the future.

Laryngeal Manifestations of Autoimmune Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-456
Author(s):  
Jenny L. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
The Past ◽  
Referral Practices ◽  
Timely Referral

Purpose This review article provides an overview of autoimmune diseases and their effects on voice and laryngeal function. Method A literature review was conducted in PubMed. Combinations of the following keywords were used: “autoimmune disease and upper airway,” “larynx,” “cough,” “voice,” “dysphonia,” and “dyspnea.” Precedence was given to articles published in the past 10 years due to recent advances in this area and to review articles. Ultimately, 115 articles were included for review. Results Approximately 81 autoimmune diseases exist, with 18 of those highlighted in the literature as having laryngeal involvement. The general and laryngeal manifestations of these 18 are discussed in detail, in addition to the clinical implications for a laryngeal expert. Conclusions Voice, breathing, and cough symptoms may be an indication of underlying autoimmune disease. However, these symptoms are often similar to those in the general population. Appropriate differential diagnosis and timely referral practices maximize patient outcomes. Guidelines are provided to facilitate correct diagnosis when an autoimmune disease is suspected.

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