Developmental Immunology and Role of Host Defenses in Fetal and Neonatal Susceptibility to Infection

Abstract Non-lethal predator-prey interactions during the immature stages can cause significant changes to mosquito life history traits and their ability to transmit pathogens as adults. Treatment manipulations using mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Toxoryhnchites rutilus (Coquillett) were performed during the immature stages to explore the potential impacts of non-lethal interactions on adult susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and saliva infection of Ae. aegypti following ingestion of Zika virus-infected blood. Treatments inducing density reduction resulted in reduced development time and survivorship to adulthood. However, effects of treatment did not alter infection, dissemination, or saliva infection. These observations indicate that, while non-lethal predation may impact some traits that influence population dynamics and transmission of pathogens, there were no direct effects on mosquito-arbovirus interactions.

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Protective role of IL-18 in host defenses against group B Streptococcus

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/s10096-021-04299-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

G. Mancuso ◽

A. Midiri ◽

C. Beninati ◽

S. Zummo ◽

C. Biondo

Keyword(s):

Group B Streptococcus ◽

Protective Role ◽

Host Defenses ◽

Group B

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Therapeutic efficacy of moderate dose adriamycin combined with tumor necrosis factor in a murine tumor model: Importance of schedule and role of host defenses

International Journal of Immunopharmacology ◽

10.1016/0192-0561(91)90274-b ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 753

Author(s):

M.J. Ehrke ◽

D.L. Maccubbin ◽

C. Krawczyk ◽

P. Ujhazy ◽

E. Mihich

Keyword(s):

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Tumor Model ◽

Host Defenses ◽

Moderate Dose ◽

Murine Tumor ◽

Murine Tumor Model ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Role of copper in defending against bacterial infection

10.32469/10355/47147 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Erik Ladomersky

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infection ◽

Host Defense ◽

Immune Defense ◽

Copper Proteins ◽

University Of Missouri ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Essential Nutrient ◽

The University ◽

The Relationship

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Copper is an essential nutrient. It plays an important role in development, pigmentation, neurological function, and immune defense. Copper deficiency is known to make host's more susceptible to infection. In this work we show that two copper proteins, ATP7A and ceruloplasmin, are important for host defense against bacterial infection. Studies have shown ATP7A is responsible for increasing copper concentrations inside the phagosome. Our study sheds light on the role of Atp7a and copper in adaptive immunity, and provide a biochemical model for understanding the relationship between copper malnutrition and susceptibility to infection. Iron, another essential nutrient, is linked with copper through the actions of copper-dependent proteins which play a role in maintaining normal iron levels in the blood. One of these proteins is ceruloplasmin, a protein that is also upregulated during infection. Our study sheds light onto why this protein is necessary for host defense against Salmonella infection.

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The Role of Colony-Stimulating Factors in Host Defenses

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.3181/00379727-197-43266 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 197 (4) ◽

pp. 349-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S. H. Gregory ◽

D. M. Magee ◽

E. J. Wing

Keyword(s):

Host Defenses ◽

Colony Stimulating Factors

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Lagochilascaris minor: Susceptibility and Resistance to Experimental Infection in Mice Is Independent of H-2aHaplotype and Correlates with the Immune Response in Immunized Animals

Journal of Parasitology Research ◽

10.1155/2010/610457 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mônica Spadafora-Ferreira ◽

Luciana Caetano Fernandes ◽

Irmtraut Araci Hoffman Pfrimer ◽

Cássia Regina Pichiteli ◽

Denise Vilarinho Tambourgi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Experimental Infection ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Survival Ratio ◽

Major Histocompatibility Complex Haplotype ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Histocompatibility Complex ◽

Susceptibility And Resistance

Recently, we demonstrated that C57BL/6 mice are more susceptible to experimental lagochilascariosis than BALB/c mice. To investigate the pattern of infection and the role of the genetic background on susceptibility to infection, we studied experimental lagochilascariosis in H-2aidentical B10.A and A/J mice. Infected B10.A mice had a lower survival ratio and more severe lesions in the lungs than did A/J mice. Splenocytes of A/J mice immunized with the crude extract of the parasite showed increased proliferation and produced a higher level of interleukin 10 and interferon-γin the presence of CE or concanavalin A when compared to B10.A mice. This suggests that resistance of A/J mice may be due to less severe lesions in lungs and other organs and a better immune response to parasite antigens. This paper provides evidence that major histocompatibility complex haplotype does not influence the survival to experimental infection withL. minor.

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