scholarly journals Linoleate diol synthase related enzymes of the human pathogens Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis

2020 ◽  
Vol 696 ◽  
pp. 108669
Author(s):  
Ernst H. Oliw
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Diol Synthase

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Voriconazole, Itraconazole, and Amphotericin B against Blastomyces dermatitidis,Coccidioides immitis, and Histoplasma capsulatum

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1734-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren-Kai Li ◽  
Meral A. Ciblak ◽  
Nicole Nordoff ◽  
Lester Pasarell ◽  
David W. Warnock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Coccidioides Immitis ◽  
Dimorphic Fungi

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of voriconazole was compared to those of itraconazole and amphotericin B against the mold forms of 304 isolates of three dimorphic fungi, Blastomyces dermatitidis,Coccidioides immitis, and Histoplasma capsulatum. MICs were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A procedure. RPMI 1640 medium was used for tests with voriconazole and itraconazole, whereas Antibiotic Medium 3 with 2% glucose was used for amphotericin B. Minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were also determined. Amphotericin B was active against all three dimorphic fungi, with MICs at which 90% of the isolates tested are inhibited (MIC90s) of 0.5 to 1 μg/ml. Itraconazole had MIC90s of 0.06 μg/ml for H. capsulatum, 0.125 μg/ml for B. dermatitidis, and 1 μg/ml for C. immitis. The MIC90s of voriconazole were 0.25 μg/ml for all three fungi. Amphotericin B was fungicidal for B. dermatitidis and H. capsulatum with MFCs at which 90% of strains tested are killed (MFC90s) of 0.5 and 2 μg/ml, respectively. It was less active against C. immitis, with MFCs ranging from 0.5 to >16 μg/ml. Voriconazole and itraconazole were lethal for most isolates of B. dermatitidis, with MFC50s and MFC90s of 0.125 and 4 μg/ml, respectively. Both azoles were fungicidal for some isolates of H. capsulatum, with MFC50s of 2 and 8 μg/ml for itraconazole and voriconazole, respectively; neither had a lethal effect upon C. immitis. Our results suggest that voriconazole possesses promising activity against these important human pathogens.

scholarly journals Interaction of Blastomyces dermatitidis, Sporothrix schenckii, and Histoplasma capsulatum with Acanthamoeba castellanii

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 3478-3488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith N. Steenbergen ◽  
Joshua D. Nosanchuk ◽  
Stephanie D. Malliaris ◽  
Arturo Casadevall
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Dimorphic Fungi

ABSTRACT Several dimorphic fungi are important human pathogens, but the origin and maintenance of virulence in these organisms is enigmatic, since an interaction with a mammalian host is not a requisite for fungal survival. Recently, Cryptococcus neoformans was shown to interact with macrophages, slime molds, and amoebae in a similar manner, suggesting that fungal pathogenic strategies may arise from environmental interactions with phagocytic microorganisms. In this study, we examined the interactions of three dimorphic fungi with the soil amoeba Acanthameobae castellanii. Yeast forms of Blastomyces dermatitidis, Sporothrix schenckii, and Histoplasma capsulatum were each ingested by amoebae and macrophages, and phagocytosis of yeast cells resulted in amoeba death and fungal growth. H. capsulatum conidia were also cytotoxic to amoebae. For each fungal species, exposure of yeast cells to amoebae resulted in an increase in hyphal cells. Exposure of an avirulent laboratory strain of H. capsulatum to A. castellanii selected for, or induced, a phenotype of H. capsulatum that caused a persistent murine lung infection. These results are consistent with the view that soil amoebae may contribute to the selection and maintenance of certain traits in pathogenic dimorphic fungi that confer on these microbes the capacity for virulence in mammals.

EFFECTS OF NATURAL SOILS ON BLASTOMYCES DERMATITIDIS, HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM AND ALLESCHERIA BOYDII

1963 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
E. S. McDONOUGH ◽  
GREGORY CHAN ◽  
MARY GROCHOWSKI ◽  
VIRGINIA PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis ◽  
Natural Soils

scholarly journals Immune Response of Galleria mellonella against Human Fungal Pathogens

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Trevijano-Contador ◽  
Oscar Zaragoza
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Great Specificity

In many aspects, the immune response against pathogens in insects is similar to the innate immunity in mammals. This has caused a strong interest in the scientific community for the use of this model in research of host–pathogen interactions. In recent years, the use of Galleria mellonella larvae, an insect belonging to the Lepidoptera order, has emerged as an excellent model to study the virulence of human pathogens. It is a model that offers many advantages; for example, it is easy to handle and establish in every laboratory, the larvae have a low cost, and they tolerate a wide range of temperatures, including human temperature 37 °C. The immune response of G. mellonella is innate and is divided into a cellular component (hemocytes) and humoral component (antimicrobial peptides, lytic enzymes, and peptides and melanin) that work together against different intruders. It has been shown that the immune response of this insect has a great specificity and has the ability to distinguish between different classes of microorganisms. In this review, we delve into the different components of the innate immune response of Galleria mellonella, and how these components manifest in the infection of fungal pathogens including Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Histoplasma capsulatum.

scholarly journals Associação da rifampicina à anfotericina B no tratamento da paracoccidioidomicose: resultados em três pacientes tratados

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodo Wanke ◽  
Paulo Nolasco Pedrosa ◽  
Gustavo Dos Santos Brêtas ◽  
Sérgio Setúbal
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis

Trabalhos experimentais demonstraram que a anfotericina B, desorganizando funcionalmente a membrana celular fúngica, permite a penetração da rifampicina no citoplasma e sua conseqüente ação contra Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis e Candida albicans. Com metade das doses habituais' de anfotericina B associada à rifampicina conseguem-se melhores resultados do que com a anfotericina B isoladamente em doses plenas. Os Autores discutem as possíveis aplicações desta associação no tratamento da paracoccidioidomi-cose e apresentam 3 casos desta micose em que a inatividade clínica e micológica só foi obtida após o emprego combinado destas drogas.

Non-specific incorporation of nucleic acid precursors in Blastomyces dermatitidis and Histoplasma capsulatum

1980 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenmore Shearer ◽  
Joe C. Hubbard ◽  
Howard W. Larsh
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis

scholarly journals Retrato microbiológico de Blastomyces dermatitidis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Iglesias-Osores ◽  
Arturo Rafael-Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blastomyces Dermatitidis

Blastomyces dermatitidisis, un hongo térmicamente dimórfico que produce micelios y forma aleurioconidios a 25 ° C; a 37 ° C toma la forma de una levadura, pertenece a un grupo de ascomicetos. Causa infección pulmonar local, a menudo acompañada de diseminación extrapulmonar. Las colonias producen hifas aéreas blancas en la superficie que pueden tornarse de un color amarillento a tostado a medida que la colonia envejece. Su utilidad clínica ha sido limitada por la reactividad cruzada con otros hongos dimórficos, particularmente Histoplasma capsulatum. Esto puede conducir a dificultades de diagnóstico, ya que gran parte de las áreas geográficas endémicas para Blastomyces e Histoplasma se superponen. La identificación mediante sondas de ADN o mediante la prueba de un exoantígeno específico por inmunodifusión.

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