Hydro-power production and fish habitat suitability: Assessing impact and effectiveness of ecological flows at regional scale

We constructed generalized habitat criteria for juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) based on four river-specific suitability indices for depth, water velocity, and substrate to assess whether habitat criteria for juvenile Atlantic salmon are transferable across rivers. We first tested whether salmon are more likely to occupy higher-quality habitats than generally available in a stream reach based on these composite criteria. We then repeated the same procedure using the river-specific criteria of this study and the generalized habitat suitability criteria of Heggenes. As expected, the river-specific criteria were generally the most effective ones in predicting fish habitat use. However, both of the two generalized criteria also transferred fairly well to the test sites. Viewed across salmon size-classes (<9 cm and >9 cm), the river-specific criteria passed the test in ten of eleven cases (91%), and the two generalized criteria passed in nine (82%) of eleven. Thus, it appears that with respect to summertime habitat criteria for juvenile Atlantic salmon, criteria transference is conceivable at least on a regional scale, and perhaps even on a more "universal" scale.

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Standardization of Cross Flow Turbine Design for Typical Micro-Hydro Site Conditions in Pakistan

Volume 2: Simple and Combined Cycles; Advanced Energy Systems and Renewables (Wind, Solar and Geothermal); Energy Water Nexus; Thermal Hydraulics and CFD; Nuclear Plant Design, Licensing and Construction; Performance Testing and Performance Test Codes; Student Paper Competition ◽

10.1115/power2014-32049 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

J. A. Chattha ◽

M. S. Khan ◽

H. Iftekhar ◽

S. Shahid

Keyword(s):

Electrical Power ◽

Cross Flow ◽

Power Production ◽

Radius Of Curvature ◽

Manufacturing Cost ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Hydro Power ◽

Turbine Efficiency ◽

Turbine Design ◽

Typical Site

Pakistan has a hydro potential of approximately 42,000MW; however only 7,000MW is being utilized for electrical power production [1, 2]. Out of 42,000 MW, micro hydro potential is about 1,300MW [1, 2]. For typical site conditions (available flow rate and head) in Pakistan, Cross Flow Turbines (CFTs) are best suited for medium head 5–150m [3] for micro-hydro power production. The design of CFT generally includes details of; the diameter of the CFT runner, number of blades, radius of curvature and diameter ratio. This paper discusses the design of various CFTs for typical Pakistan site conditions in order to standardize the design of CFTs based on efficiency that is best suited for a given site conditions. The turbine efficiency as a function of specific speed will provide a guide for cross flow turbine selection based on standardized turbine for manufacturing purposes. Standardization of CFT design will not only facilitate manufacturing of CFT based on the available site conditions with high turbine efficiency but also result in reduced manufacturing cost.

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A Correlation Analysis between Physical Disturbance and Fish Habitat Suitability before and after Channel Structure Rehabilitation

Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure ◽

10.17820/eri.2015.2.1.033 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 33-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Heung Sik Choi ◽

Woong Hee Lee

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

Habitat Suitability ◽

Fish Habitat ◽

Channel Structure ◽

Physical Disturbance ◽

Before And After

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Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation

Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation ◽

10.47886/9781888569124.ch10 ◽

1999 ◽

Keyword(s):

Habitat Suitability ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Environmental Gradients ◽

Fish Habitat ◽

Tampa Bay ◽

Spotted Seatrout ◽

Charlotte Harbor ◽

Biologically Relevant ◽

Suitability Index ◽

Catch Rates

<em>Abstract.—</em> A need exists to scientifically determine optimal fish habitats to support decision making for management of essential fish habitat. Scientists have been collaborating to conduct habitat suitability index (HSI) modeling to spatially delineate fish habitats for estuarine fish and invertebrate species in Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor, Florida. Results from HSI modeling of juvenile spotted seatrout <em>Cynoscion nebulosus </em> in Charlotte Harbor are presented. Data obtained from 1989–1997 by fisheries-independent monitoring in the two estuaries were used along with environmental data from other sources. Standardized catch-per-unit-effort (catch rates) were calculated across gear types using fisheries-monitoring data from Charlotte Harbor and Tampa Bay. Suitability index functions were determined using three methods: (1) frequency of occurrence, (2) mean catch rates within ranges, and (3) smooth-mean catch rates determined by polynomial regression. Mean catch rates were estimated within biologically relevant ranges and, where sufficient data were available, for finer intervals across environmental gradients. Suitability index functions across environmental gradients were then derived by scaling catch rates. Gridded habitat layers for temperature, salinity, depth, and bottom type in Charlotte Harbor were also created using a geographic information system. Habitat suitability index modeling was conducted using the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service geometric mean method linked to the ArcView Spatial Analyst module. The model integrated suitability indices associated with the habitat layers for Charlotte Harbor to create a map of the predicted distribution for juvenile spotted seatrout during the fall season. Suitability indices developed for Tampa Bay were used with Charlotte Harbor habitat layers to test transfer of the indices to another estuary. Predicted HSI maps depicted low to optimum habitat suitability zones in Charlotte Harbor. Model performance was evaluated by statistically comparing the relative ranking of mean catch rates with mean suitability indices for corresponding zones. Suitability indices obtained using polynomial regression methods yielded morereliable HSI maps for juvenile spotted seatrout than those derived using mean catch rates within biologically relevant ranges. The observed map, derived using smooth-mean suitability indices transferred from Tampa Bay, was not significantly different (Chi-square goodness-of-fit test) from the expected map derived using smooth-mean indices from Charlotte Harbor. Our modeling efforts using transferred indices indicate that it is possible to predict the geographic distributions of fish species by life stage in estuaries lacking fisheries monitoring.

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