Root morphology and development of labial inversely impacted maxillary central incisors in the mixed dentition: A retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study

ABSTRACT Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been proposed in surgical planning of lower third molar extraction. The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability of CBCT in defining third molar root morphology and its spatial relationships with the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Materials and Methods: Intraoperative and radiographic variables of 74 lower third molars were retrospectively analyzed. Intraoperative variables included IAN exposure, number of roots, root morphology of extracted third molars, and presence/absence of IAN impression on the root surface. Radiographic variables included presence/absence of the cortex separating IAN from the third molar roots on CBCT examination, number of roots and root morphology on both orthopantomography (OPG) and CBCT. The statistical association between variables was evaluated using the Fisher's exact test. Results: In all cases of intraoperative IAN exposure, the cortex appeared discontinuous on CBCT images. All cases, in which the cortical bone was continuous on CBCT images, showed no association with nerve exposure. In all cases in which nerve impression was identified on the root surface, the IAN cortex showed interruptions on CBCT images. No nerve impression was identified in any of the cases, in which the cortex appeared continuous on CBCT images. CBCT also highlighted accessory roots and apical anomalies/curvatures, not visible on the OPG. Conclusions: CBCT seems to provide reliable and accurate information about the third molar root morphology and its relationship with the IAN.

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Evaluation of Apical Root Morphology of Maxillary Incisors using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Brazilian Subpopulation: A Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/49776.15410 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cristiane Martins Rodrigues Bernardes ◽

Luiz Eduardo Gregoris Rabelo ◽

Cyntia Rodrigues DE Araújo Estrela ◽

Orlando Aguirre Guedes ◽

Brunno Santos DE Freitas Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Root Morphology ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cone Beam ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Maxillary Incisors

Introduction: The prevalence of Apical Root Resorption (ARR) after orthodontic treatment is high. It is associated with several factors, such as tooth group, type and duration of treatment, applied force and root morphology. Aim: To evaluate the apical root morphology of maxillary incisors in a Brazilian subpopulation using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective and cross-sectional study, 400 maxillary incisors from 167 patients registered in the data base of Dental Radiology Clinics between January 2012 and April 2017 were analysed. The apical root configuration was verified by navigating 0.1 mm/0.1 mm, in the three planes, axial, coronal, and sagittal sections on CBCT images, from the root canal entrance to the apical foramen, as well as from the apical direction to the crown. The standard reference for apical root form corresponded to the long axis of the tooth. The root forms and their frequency were characterised according to the classification proposed by Levander and Malmgren (1988). The qualitative variables were analysed by the Chi-square test. The level of significance was p-value <0.05. Results: A total of 400 maxillary anterior teeth (central and lateral incisors; n=200 each) from 167 patients (101 women; mean age was 41.8±16.20 years) were analysed. The most common apical root form presented in the central incisors was the blunt root {99 (49.5%)}, followed by pipette-shaped root {69 (34.5%)}. The less frequent was the short root {13 (6.5%)} (p-value <0.001). In the lateral incisors, the highest frequency presented was lacerated root {111 (55.5%)}, followed by blunt root {47 (23.5%)}, and pipette- shaped root {37 (18.5%)} (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Maxillary central incisors had a higher frequency of rhomboid (blunt) root morphology, while lateral incisors had a higher frequency of curved (lacerated) root form.

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Evaluation of alveolar bone support around incisors in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate in late mixed dentition using cone beam computed tomography

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/071517-472.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 299-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yingdan Pan ◽

Yunting Zeng ◽

Zeyu Zhang ◽

Yiqin Liu ◽

Yi Jing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Computed Tomography Scans ◽

Tooth Inclination ◽

Bone Height

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate alveolar bone support around cleft-adjacent maxillary central incisors (U1) in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate (UCLAP) in the late mixed dentition and to investigate the correlation between the alveolar bone thickness (ABT) and tooth inclination. Materials and Methods: Cone beam computed tomography scans of 45 subjects with UCLAP (29 boys, 16 girls; mean age = 10.74 ± 1.08 years) were assessed. The distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and alveolar bone crest (AC), and the ABTs at 3 mm, 6 mm, and the apex were measured on the labial, lingual and distal surfaces of U1. The cleft and normal sides were compared using a paired t-test and Pearson's χ2 test. Pearson's correlation was used to explore the association between the ABT and tooth inclination of cleft-adjacent U1 in the labiolingual and mesiodistal dimensions. Results: The CEJ-AC distances were significantly greater in cleft-adjacent U1 (P < .01), with more bone height reduction observed labially and distally (P < .001). The labial, lingual, and apico-distal ABTs were decreased on the cleft side (P < .01). A positive correlation was found between the apico-labial ABT and the labiolingual inclination (r = 0.568, P < .01). Conclusions: Patients with UCLAP have reduced alveolar bone support around the cleft-adjacent U1, and the apico-labial ABT tends to decrease with increasing lingual tooth inclination; however, the correlation was weak.

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Assessment of Mesial Root Morphology and Frequency of MB2 Canals in Maxillary Molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

International Journal of Morphology ◽

10.4067/s0717-95022015000400023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 1333-1337 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J Abarca ◽

B Gómez ◽

C Zaror ◽

H Monardes ◽

L Bustos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Root Morphology ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Maxillary Molars

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Relationship between maxillary canine intra-alveolar position and maxillary incisor angulation: a cone beam computed tomography study

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402011000200010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 146-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Carolina Baratieri ◽

Ana Carolina Portes Canongia ◽

Ana Maria Bolognese

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Maxillary Canine ◽

Significance Level ◽

Maxillary Incisors ◽

The Right

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the angulation and inclination of permanent maxillary incisors and to correlate the results to the intra-alveolar permanent maxillary canine position during mixed dentition, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The subjects were 30 children aged 7 to 10 years in the inter-transitory period of mixed dentition (permanent incisors and first molars erupted; primary canines, first and second molars erupted; and permanent canines intraosseous). The CBCT scans were obtained and, using the Dolphin Imaging® software - version 11.0, 3D images were reconstructed and the measurements were performed. The angulation of the right and left lateral and central maxillary incisors was measured in relation to the sagittal plane and their inclination was measured in relation to the coronal plane. The intra-alveolar height of the right and left maxillary canines was measured from the cusp tip to the axial plane. Pearson's correlation at 5% significance level showed positive correlation between the canine height and the lateral incisor angulation. It was concluded that the intra-alveolar position of the maxillary canines has a direct influence on the angulation of maxillary incisors, especially the lateral incisors.

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