Relationship between maxillary canine intra-alveolar position and maxillary incisor angulation: a cone beam computed tomography study

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the angulation and inclination of permanent maxillary incisors and to correlate the results to the intra-alveolar permanent maxillary canine position during mixed dentition, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The subjects were 30 children aged 7 to 10 years in the inter-transitory period of mixed dentition (permanent incisors and first molars erupted; primary canines, first and second molars erupted; and permanent canines intraosseous). The CBCT scans were obtained and, using the Dolphin Imaging® software - version 11.0, 3D images were reconstructed and the measurements were performed. The angulation of the right and left lateral and central maxillary incisors was measured in relation to the sagittal plane and their inclination was measured in relation to the coronal plane. The intra-alveolar height of the right and left maxillary canines was measured from the cusp tip to the axial plane. Pearson's correlation at 5% significance level showed positive correlation between the canine height and the lateral incisor angulation. It was concluded that the intra-alveolar position of the maxillary canines has a direct influence on the angulation of maxillary incisors, especially the lateral incisors.

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Anatomical Evaluation of Mandibular Molars in a Saudi Population: An In Vivo Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2021/5594464 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Mohammed Mashyakhy ◽

Ahmad Jabali ◽

Fatimah Saleem Alabsi ◽

Abdulaziz AbuMelha ◽

Mazen Alkahtany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Type I ◽

Saudi Population ◽

Significance Level ◽

Mandibular Molars ◽

Type Iv ◽

The Right

Objective. This study assessed the canal configuration of mandibular molars according to Vertucci’s classification of a Saudi population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. A total of 290 first and 367 second mandibular molars were analyzed. The CBCT images were evaluated in three sections to inspect the number of roots and canals and canal system. The data are presented as frequencies and percentages. The chi-squared test was used to assess differences between both sides. SPSS was used for analysis, with a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results. Among the first molars, 95.4% of the teeth had two roots, and 64.5% had three canals. Approximately 57.9% showed Vertucci type IV mesial roots. Between the second molars, 89.6% of teeth had two roots and 80.4% had three canals. The frequency of Vertucci type IV (39.4%) was the highest in mesial roots. The first molars showed a high prevalence of 3-rooted teeth (5.5%). Both the right and left sides showed teeth with similar external and internal anatomy p < 0.05 . Conclusion. Most of the mandibular first and second molars had two roots and three canals. In the first mandibular molars, similar to the second mandibular molars, the majority of the mesial canals had Vertucci type IV, while the distal canals had Vertucci type I.

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Maxillary incisor internal root anatomy evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography in a population of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana ◽

10.54589/aol.34/2/188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 188-194

Author(s):

Eugenia Consoli-Lizzi ◽

Romina Chaintiou-Piorno ◽

Claudia Aranda ◽

Ariel Gualtieri ◽

Pablo Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Buenos Aires ◽

Root Anatomy ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Maxillary Incisor ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Significance Level

In the field of anthropology, discrete traits are considered as minimal epigenetic variations. However, they can elicit complications in endodontic therapy. Thorough understanding of root canal morphology is essential to achieving predictable results in endodontic practice, and may be attained by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. The aim of the present study was to research the internal root anatomy of maxillary central and lateral incisors in vivo and quantify its variation in a population of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. A total 697 CBCT scans from a pre-existing database were observed, and the configuration type for each tooth was determined according to Vertucci’s classification. The data were described by absolute frequencies and percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The CI was estimated by the Wilson Score method.Chi-square test (χ2 ) was used for comparing frequencies, with a 5% significance level. 238 CBCT scans met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 761 teeth assessed. Vertucci Type I configuration was observed in 760 teeth (99.9%) and the Type II was found in only one tooth (0.1%), in which the anatomy was compatible with dens in dente. When differences were analyzed according to sex, all the teeth in all women had Vertucci Type I configuration. In men, all maxillary central incisors were Vertucci Type I. Of 151 maxillary lateral incisors, 150 had Vertucci Type I configuration (99.3%) and 1 had Type II (0.7%). Conclusions: Maxillary incisor internal root anatomy prevalence was estimated from CBCT scans for the first time in an Argentine population. 99.9% of the sample presented Vertucci Type I configuration, and 0.1% had Vertucci Type II configuration. The clinical finding of maxillary incisors with anatomical complexity should be considered as a possibility in endodontic practice.

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Reliability of Panoramic Radiographs for Early Prediction of Impacted Maxillary Canine

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4262 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽

pp. 1183-1187

Author(s):

Pankaj Akhare ◽

Renuka kutemate ◽

Harish Atram ◽

Pratik Jaltare ◽

Kshitij Sabaley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Positive Outcome ◽

Mixed Dentition ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Early Prediction ◽

Maxillary Canine ◽

Panoramic Radiographs ◽

Impacted Canine ◽

Root Apices

The word "early" is sometimes regarded as occurring before the usual or physiological period in the biological sense. The average age at which an upper canine must erupt is 13 years in boys, 12 years in girls and three months. Thus, the ability to detect tooth malposition as early as in the early mixed dentition (8 years approximately) and anticipate canine impaction in the same time will be highly helpful to the clinician for a positive outcome of the procedure. To predict the impaction of canine using panoramic radiographs and re-confirmed using cone-beam computed tomography. Fifty cases out of which ten had bilaterally impacted maxillary canines, and 40 had unilaterally impacted maxillary canines with an average age of 10-11years ±5 months. Firstly, tracings were performed on orthopantomogram, and sector location classification as given by Steven Lindauer was applied. Findings from orthopantomogram were compared to Cone Beam Computed Tomography findings. In the labial group, 55% canine cusp tips were in sectors I, 40% in sector II and 5% in sector III. Whereas in the palatal group, 10% were in sector II, 60% in sector III and 30% in sector IV. This research demonstrates that the sector location of impacted canine as presented by Steven Lindauer that root apices may be used to forecast maxillary canine impactions early and to determine their labiopalatal location on panoramic radiographs.

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Intrusion of maxillary molar roots into the maxillary sinus in a sample of the Egyptian population using cone beam computed tomography

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00540-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Esraa Ahmed Eid ◽

Fatma Mostafa El-Badawy ◽

Walaa Mohamed Hamed

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Third Molar ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Egyptian Population ◽

Maxillary Molar ◽

Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽

Sinus Floor ◽

The Right

Abstract Background The proximity of the maxillary sinus floor to the maxillary molar roots increases the probability of oroantral communication on conducting any surgical or endodontic procedure in the involved area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between each maxillary molar root and maxillary sinus floor using cone beam computed tomography. Predicting the probability of protrusion of each root into the sinus will consequently predict the probability of occurrence of the oroantral fistula in a sample of the Egyptian population. Results The total number of roots located outside the sinus was 121 (35.3%), while those contacting the sinus floor were 80 (23.3%) and those intruded the sinus were 141 (41.2%). The percentage of root intrusion into the sinus in males (56.9%) was significantly (p = 0.01) higher than females (42.9%). The probability of root intrusion in the left molars (54.2%) was non-significantly (p = 0.067) higher than that of the right side (44.3%). As for the type of tooth, the second molar showed the highest probability of root intrusion into the sinus (55.3%) followed by the third molars (52.6%) then the first molars (40.9). According to the type of root, the mesiobuccal root showed the highest probability of intrusion into the sinus (50.9%) followed by the palatal root (49.1%) then the distobuccal root (47.4%). However, the difference in both type of tooth and type of root was statistically non-significant (p = 0.051 and 0.869 respectively). As for the individual root with the highest probability of intrusion, the mesio-buccal root of the right third molar is the most frequent root to intrude the sinus (71.4%) and the mesio-buccal root of the right first molar is the least frequent (22.7%). Conclusions In a sample of the Egyptian population, males exhibit higher probability of root protrusion into the sinus than females. The side and type of tooth are of higher impact on the probability of its intrusion into the sinus compared to the type of root. Left second molars are at a higher risk of oroantral communications on surgical or endodontic procedures compared to other molars due to its highest probability of intrusion into the sinus.

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Analisis gambaran histogramdan densitas kamar pulpa pada gigi suspek pulpitis reversibel dan ireversibel dengan menggunakan radiografi cone beam computed tomography (Histogram and density analysis of irreversible and reversible pulpitissuspected tooth using cone beam computed tomography radiography)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science ◽

10.15562/jdmfs.v13i2.401 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Lusi Epsilawati ◽

Suhardjo Sitam ◽

Sam Belly ◽

Fahmi Oscandar

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Pulp Chamber ◽

Control Data ◽

Density Analysis ◽

The Right ◽

Irreversible Pulpitis ◽

Peak Value

Inflammation of the pulp is most common and difficult to diagnose. For it radiographs is necessary. One attempt to do is to assess its histogram and density. Radiography equipment that has the ability to analyze is cone beam computedtomography (CBCT). The purpose of this study is to analyze radiograph of the pulp chamber histogram: peak value,grayscale and trends, as well as the density on the condition reversible and irreversible pulpitis condition. The populationof this descriptive study is secondary data of CBCT-3D radiographs during 2012-2013. Selected sample of 75 data isreversible pulpitis, irreversible pulpitis 80 data, as well as 20 normal condition data as control. Data were analyzed byone way ANOVAand are presented in tables and graphs. The results showed that the value of the histogram under normalconditions showeda different significance for both the peak value of the reversible or irreversible pulpitis (p= 0.01). It isdifferent with a grayscale value, showed no significant different between normal with reversible pulpitis (p =0.997) and significantly different between normal and pulpitis reversible against pulpitis irrebversible (p= 0.03-0.01). There is a growing trend change is on the right direction of reversible and irreversible pulpitis. It was concluded that the irreversiblepulpitis, density and histogram shows the direction of more luscent compared with normal and reversible pulpitisconditions.

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Comparison of the Hounsfield Unit Values Obtained From Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Images for Different Bone Densities

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences ◽

10.22317/jcms.v7i2.943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Atefeh Khavid ◽

Mojgan Sametzadeh ◽

Mostafa Godiny ◽

Mohammad Mehdi Moarrefpour

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Hounsfield Unit ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Significance Level ◽

Dental Practitioners ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Background and objective: In recent years, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a key diagnostic tool in dentistry. CBCT can provide 3D images of the maxillofacial area to help dental practitioners in diagnosis and treatment, especially implant placement and treatment of pathogenic lesions. This study aimed to compare the Hounsfield Unit (HU) values obtained from CBCT images for bones of different densities with the corresponding HU values from MDCT images. Materials and methods: cube-shaped bone blocks of identical size were cut from the middle section of the cow ribs and femur area such that they had a layer of cortical bone in their buccal, lingual, and top surfaces and trabecular bone in the middle. MDCT scans were performed using a Somatom Sensation Ct Scanner. After determining HU from the results of these scans, nine suitable specimens from different ranges of HU were chosen for comparison. HU of the CBCT images was computed by the dedicated software of the CBCT machine. Finally, HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT were compared. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 at the 0.05 significance level. Results: The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean HU from MDCT images and the mean HU from CBCT images (P<0.05). For similar specimens, CBCT produced higher mean HU values than MDCT. The Pearson correlation test detected a significant direct relationship between the HU values of specimens in MDCT and CBCT (P<0.05). Conclusion: For the tools and software used in this study, there was no significant difference between the HU values obtained from MDCT and CBCT, but the mean HU obtained from CBCT was higher than that from MDCT.

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Cone-beam computed tomography analysis on root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molar among multiracial population in East Coast Malaysian population

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/ejd.ejd_82_18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (03) ◽

pp. 410-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prunella Ubung Deng ◽

Mohamad Syahrizal Halim ◽

Sam'an Malik Masudi ◽

Saaid Al-Shehadat ◽

Basaruddin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

East Coast ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Root Canals ◽

Single Root ◽

Malaysian Population ◽

Permanent Molar ◽

Permanent Molars ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the variations in the number of root and canal in the mandibular first permanent molars (MFPMs) teeth in East Coast Malaysian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images which show MFPMs recorded in HUSM Dental Clinic between January 2015 and June 2016 was obtained and analyzed for their number of roots and canals. A total of 208 CBCT images of MFPMs were collected; 118 patients had unilateral molars and 90 patients had bilateral molars. The following observations were made: (1) root number; (2) number of canals per root; and (3) comparisons of number of roots and canals according to gender, ethnicity, and position. Results: The majority of cases of bilateral MFPM had the same number of roots (95.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.01%, 98.78%) on both the right and left side and only 4 cases (4.4%, 95% CI: 1.22%, 10.99%) had 3 roots on the right and 2 roots on the left sides. The majority of cases had the same number of canals on both sides (66.7%, 95% CI: 55.95, 76.26%) and 33.3% (95% CI: 23.74%, 44.05%) with unequal number of canals. The occurrence of the number of canals was not independent of the sides of the arch (P < 0.001) and there was statistically significantly greater proportion of cases who had greater number of canals on the right side than the left (P = 0.03). The prevalence of right single-rooted MFPM was very small at 0.3% (n = 1) in a Malay male (95% CI: 0.00, 1.83) and the most prevalent was two roots first molar (88.4%). The number of roots was not associated with sex or ethnic group (P > 0.05). The MFPM with a single root was found to have only one mesial canal. For two rooted MFPM, the most prevalent occurrence was two canals at the mesial and one canal at the distal roots (59%); followed by single canals in each mesial and distal (21%) and double canals per root (18%). Three roots MFPM have either single or double canals in the mesial root and double canals in the distal root. Conclusions: The majority of population in the East Coast region of Malaysia has two roots and three root canals in their MFPMs. There was no difference in the number of roots between gender and ethnic and canals between ethnic.

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Blood supply to the caudate lobe of the liver from the right inferior phrenic artery: observation by cone-beam computed tomography during arteriography

Abdominal Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00261-020-02489-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 2851-2861

Author(s):

Shiro Miyayama ◽

Masashi Yamashiro ◽

Natsuki Sugimori ◽

Rie Ikeda ◽

Takuya Ishida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Blood Supply ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Caudate Lobe ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Inferior Phrenic Artery ◽

Phrenic Artery ◽

The Right

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Reliability of a Novel CBCT-Based 3D Classification System for Maxillary Canine Impactions in Orthodontics: The KPG Index

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/921234 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Domenico Dalessandri ◽

Marco Migliorati ◽

Rachele Rubiano ◽

Luca Visconti ◽

Luca Contardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Classification System ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Interrater Agreement ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Maxillary Canine ◽

Dental Imaging ◽

Dimensional Classification

The aim of this study was to evaluate both intra- and interoperator reliability of a radiological three-dimensional classification system (KPG index) for the assessment of degree of difficulty for orthodontic treatment of maxillary canine impactions. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of fifty impacted canines, obtained using three different scanners (NewTom, Kodak, and Planmeca), were classified using the KPG index by three independent orthodontists. Measurements were repeated one month later. Based on these two sessions, several recommendations on KPG Index scoring were elaborated. After a joint calibration session, these recommendations were explained to nine orthodontists and the two measurement sessions were repeated. There was a moderate intrarater agreement in the precalibration measurement sessions. After the calibration session, both intra- and interrater agreement were almost perfect. Indexes assessed with Kodak Dental Imaging 3D module software showed a better reliability inz-axis values, whereas indexes assessed with Planmeca Romexis software showed a better reliability inx- andy-axis values. No differences were found between the CBCT scanners used. Taken together, these findings indicate that the application of the instructions elaborated during this study improved KPG index reliability, which was nevertheless variously influenced by the use of different software for images evaluation.

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Influence of intracanal post on apical periodontitis identified by cone-beam computed tomography

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402009000500003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 370-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Carlos Estrela ◽

Mike Reis Bueno ◽

Olavo César Lyra Porto ◽

Cleomar Donizeth Rodrigues ◽

Jesus Djalma Pécora

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Apical Periodontitis ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Kappa Value ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Periapical Radiography

The determination of the success of endodontic treatment has been often discussed based on outcome obtained by periapical radiography. The aim of this study was to verify the influence of intracanal post on apical periodontitis detected by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A consecutive sample of 1020 images (periapical radiographs and CBCT scans) taken from 619 patients (245 men; mean age, 50.1 years) between February 2008 and September 2009 were used in this study. Presence and intracanal post length (short, medium and long) were associated with apical periodontitis (AP). Chi-square test was used for statistical analyses. Significance level was set at p<0.01. The kappa value was used to assess examiner variability. From a total of 591 intracanal posts, AP was observed in 15.06%, 18.78% and 7.95% using periapical radiographs, into the different lengths, short, medium and long, respectively (p=0.466). Considering the same posts length it was verified AP in 24.20%, 26.40% and 11.84% observed by CBCT scans, respectively (p=0.154). From a total of 1,020 teeth used in this study, AP was detected in 397 (38.92%) by periapical radiography and in 614 (60.19%) by CBCT scans (p<0.001). The distribution of intracanal posts in different dental groups showed higher prevalence in maxillary anterior teeth (54.79%). Intracanal posts lengths did not influenced AP. AP was detected more frequently when CBCT method was used.

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