Enabling the life-cycle consideration and approach for the design of efficient water splitting catalyst via engineering amorphous precursor

Author(s):  
Kai Zhao ◽  
Xiaoyu Yan ◽  
Le Ke ◽  
Xiaojuan Cao ◽  
Xiaoyu Wu ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Luthfi L. Lubis ◽  
Ibrahim Dincer ◽  
Marc A. Rosen

A life cycle assessment (LCA) of nuclear-based hydrogen production using thermochemical water splitting is conducted. The copper-chlorine thermochemical cycle is considered, and the environmental impacts of the nuclear and thermochemical plants are assessed. Environmental impacts are investigated using CML-2001 impact categories. The nuclear plant and the construction of the hydrogen plant contribute significantly to the total environmental impacts. The environmental impacts of operating the hydrogen production plant contribute much less. Changes in the inventory of materials or chemicals needed in the thermochemical plant do not affect significantly the total impacts. Improvement analysis suggests the development of more sustainable processes, particularly in the nuclear plant and construction of the hydrogen production plant.


2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Lubis ◽  
I. Dincer ◽  
M. A. Rosen

A life cycle assessment of nuclear-based hydrogen production using thermochemical water splitting is conducted. The copper-chlorine thermochemical cycle is considered, and the environmental impacts of the nuclear and thermochemical plants are assessed. Environmental impacts are investigated using CML-2001 impact categories. The nuclear plant and the construction of the hydrogen plant contribute significantly to the total environmental impacts. The environmental impacts of operating the hydrogen production plant contribute much less. Changes in the inventory of materials or chemicals needed in the thermochemical plant do not affect significantly the total impacts. Improvement analysis suggests the development of more sustainable processes, particularly in the nuclear plant and construction of the hydrogen production plant.


2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3264-3278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Sathre ◽  
Corinne D. Scown ◽  
William R. Morrow ◽  
John C. Stevens ◽  
Ian D. Sharp ◽  
...  

This article reports the first prospective life-cycle net energy assessment of a gigawatt-scale photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production facility.


Author(s):  
Betty Ruth Jones ◽  
Steve Chi-Tang Pan

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).


Author(s):  
Randolph W. Taylor ◽  
Henrie Treadwell

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.


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