scholarly journals Effects of ocean acidification on trace element accumulation in the early-life stages of squid Loligo vulgaris

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lacoue-Labarthe ◽  
E. Réveillac ◽  
F. Oberhänsli ◽  
J.L. Teyssié ◽  
R. Jeffree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Loligo Vulgaris ◽  
Element Accumulation ◽  
Trace Element Accumulation

scholarly journals Effect of ocean acidification on early life stages of Atlantic herring (<i>Clupea harengus</i> L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 3697-3707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Franke ◽  
C. Clemmesen
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae

Abstract. Due to atmospheric accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in surface seawater increases and the pH decreases. This process known as ocean acidification might have severe effects on marine organisms and ecosystems. The present study addresses the effect of ocean acidification on early developmental stages, the most sensitive stages in life history, of the Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.). Eggs of the Atlantic herring were fertilized and incubated in artificially acidified seawater (pCO2 1260, 1859, 2626, 2903, 4635 μatm) and a control treatment (pCO2 480 μatm) until the main hatch of herring larvae occurred. The development of the embryos was monitored daily and newly hatched larvae were sampled to analyze their morphometrics, and their condition by measuring the RNA/DNA ratios. Elevated pCO2 neither affected the embryogenesis nor the hatch rate. Furthermore the results showed no linear relationship between pCO2 and total length, dry weight, yolk sac area and otolith area of the newly hatched larvae. For pCO2 and RNA/DNA ratio, however, a significant negative linear relationship was found. The RNA concentration at hatching was reduced at higher pCO2 levels, which could lead to a decreased protein biosynthesis. The results indicate that an increased pCO2 can affect the metabolism of herring embryos negatively. Accordingly, further somatic growth of the larvae could be reduced. This can have consequences for the larval fish, since smaller and slow growing individuals have a lower survival potential due to lower feeding success and increased predation mortality. The regulatory mechanisms necessary to compensate for effects of hypercapnia could therefore lead to lower larval survival. Since the recruitment of fish seems to be determined during the early life stages, future research on the factors influencing these stages are of great importance in fisheries science.

Interactive Effects of Ocean Acidification, Elevated Temperature, and Reduced Salinity on Early-Life Stages of the Pacific Oyster

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (17) ◽  
pp. 10079-10088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginger W. K. Ko ◽  
R. Dineshram ◽  
Camilla Campanati ◽  
Vera B. S. Chan ◽  
Jon Havenhand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Pacific Oyster ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
The Pacific

scholarly journals European sea bass, <i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>, in a changing ocean

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2519-2530 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Pope ◽  
R. P. Ellis ◽  
M. Scolamacchia ◽  
J. W. S. Scolding ◽  
A. Keay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Daily Mortality ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Global Threat

Abstract. Ocean acidification, caused by rising concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), is widely considered to be a major global threat to marine ecosystems. To investigate the potential effects of ocean acidification on the early life stages of a commercially important fish species, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), 12 000 larvae were incubated from hatch through metamorphosis under a matrix of two temperatures (17 and 19 °C) and two seawater pCO2 levels (ambient and 1,000 μatm) and sampled regularly for 42 days. Calculated daily mortality was significantly affected by both temperature and pCO2, with both increased temperature and elevated pCO2 associated with lower daily mortality and a significant interaction between these two factors. There was no significant pCO2 effect noted on larval morphology during this period but larvae raised at 19 °C possessed significantly larger eyes and lower carbon:nitrogen ratios at the end of the study compared to those raised under 17 °C. Similarly, when the incubation was continued to post-metamorphic (juvenile) animals (day 67–69), fish raised under a combination of 19 °C and 1000 μatm pCO2 were significantly heavier. However, juvenile D. labrax raised under this combination of 19 °C and 1000 μatm pCO2 also exhibited lower aerobic scopes than those incubated at 19 °C and ambient pCO2. Most studies investigating the effects of near-future oceanic conditions on the early life stages of marine fish have used incubations of relatively short durations and suggested that these animals are resilient to ocean acidification. Whilst the increased survival and growth observed in this study supports this view, we conclude that more work is required to investigate whether the differences in juvenile physiology observed in this study manifest as negative impacts in adult fish.

scholarly journals Is the perceived resiliency of fish larvae to ocean acidification masking more subtle effects?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 17043-17070 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Pope ◽  
R. P. Ellis ◽  
M. Scolamacchia ◽  
J. W. S. Scolding ◽  
A. Keay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Daily Mortality ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Near Future

Abstract. Ocean acidification, caused by rising concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), is widely considered to be a major global threat to marine ecosystems. To investigate the potential effects of ocean acidification on the early life stages of a commercially important fish species, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), 12 000 larvae were incubated from hatch through metamorphosis under a matrix of two temperatures (17 and 19 °C) and two seawater pCO2s (400 and 750 μatm) and sampled regularly for 42 days. Calculated daily mortality was significantly affected by both temperature and pCO2, with both increased temperature and elevated pCO2 associated with lower daily mortality and a significant interaction between these two factors. There was no significant pCO2 effect noted on larval morphology during this period but larvae raised at 19 °C possessed significantly larger eyes and lower carbon:nitrogen ratios at the end of the study compared to those raised under 17 °C. These results suggest that D. labrax larvae are resilient to near-future oceanic conditions. However, when the incubation was continued to post-metamorphic (juvenile) animals (day 67–69), fish raised under a combination of 19 °C and 750 μatm pCO2 were significantly heavier and exhibited lower aerobic scopes than those incubated at 19 °C and 400 μatm. Most other studies investigating the effects of near-future oceanic conditions on the early life stages of marine fish have used incubations of relatively short durations and suggested these animals are resilient to ocean acidification. We propose the durations of these other studies may be insufficient for more subtle effects, such as those observed in this study, to become apparent. These findings may have important implications for both sea bass in a changing ocean and also for the interpretation of results from other studies that have shown resiliency in marine teleosts exposed to higher atmospheric concentrations of CO2.

scholarly journals Vulnerability of Tritia reticulata (L.) early life stages to ocean acidification and warming

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel B. Oliveira ◽  
Daniela B. Freitas ◽  
Joana G. Fonseca ◽  
Filipe Laranjeiro ◽  
Rui J. M. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages

scholarly journals Effect of ocean acidification on the early life stages of the blue mussel (<I>Mytilus edulis</I>)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2927-2947 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gazeau ◽  
J.-P. Gattuso ◽  
C. Dawber ◽  
A. E. Pronker ◽  
F. Peene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Blue Mussel ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract. Several experiments have shown a decrease of growth and calcification of organisms at decreased pH levels but relatively few studies have focused on early life stages which are believed to be more sensitive to environmental disturbances such as hypercapnia. Here, we present experimental data demonstrating that the growth of planktonic mussel (Mytilus edulis) larvae is significantly affected by a decrease of pH to a level expected for the end of the century. Even though there was no significant effect of a 0.25–0.34 pH unit decrease on hatching and mortality rates during the first 2 days of development nor during the following 13-day period prior to settlement, final shells were, respectively, 4.5±1.3 and 6.0±2.3% smaller at pHNBS~7.8 than at a control pHNBS of ~8.1. Moreover, a decrease of 12.0±5.4% of shell thickness was observed. More severe impacts were found with a decrease of ~0.5 pHNBS unit during the first 2 days of development which could be attributed to a decrease of calcification due toslight undersaturation of seawater with respect to aragonite. Indeed, important effects on both hatching and D-veliger shell growth were found. Hatching rates were 24±4% lower while D-veliger shells were 12.7±0.9% smaller at pHNBS~7.6 than at a control pHNBS of ~8.1. Although these results show that blue mussel larvae are still able to develop a shell in seawater undersaturated with respect to aragonite, decreases of hatching rates and shell growth suggest a negative impact of ocean acidification on the future survival of bivalve populations potentially leading to significant ecological and economical losses.

scholarly journals Copper pollution exacerbates the effects of ocean acidification and warming on kelp microscopic early life stages

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo P. Leal ◽  
Catriona L. Hurd ◽  
Sylvia G. Sander ◽  
Evelyn Armstrong ◽  
Pamela A. Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Copper Pollution

scholarly journals Effects of CO<sub>2</sub>-driven ocean acidification on early life stages of marine medaka (<i>Oryzias melastigma</i>)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3861-3868 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mu ◽  
F. Jin ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
N. Zheng ◽  
Y. Cong
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Marine Medaka ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Co2 Levels ◽  
Oryzias Melastigma

Abstract. The potential effects of high CO2 and associated ocean acidification (OA) in marine fishes and other non-calcified organisms are less well understood. In this study, we investigated the responses of early life stages (ELS) of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) exposed to a series of experimental manipulation of CO2 levels. Results showed that CO2-driven seawater acidification (pH 7.6 and pH 7.2) had no detectable effect on hatching time, hatching rate, or heart rate of embryos. However, the deformity rate of larvae in the pH 7.2 treatment was significantly higher than that in the control treatment. There is no significant difference between the left and right otolith areas in each treatment. However, the average otolith area of larvae in the pH 7.6 treatment was significantly smaller than that in the control. Such alterations in the developmental abnormalities and otolith size of marine medaka larvae due to elevated-CO2 levels suggests that this species will be increasingly challenged by future OA. Further studies of the impacts of OA on marine fish to assess whether or not the environmental influence in one generation can affect the later life history and the phenotype of subsequent generations are needed.

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