What's new in canine mast cell tumors?

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs) are currently graded according to Patnaik and Kiupel grading schemes. The qualitative and semiquantitative parameters applied in these schemes may lead to inter- and intraobserver variability. This study investigates the prognostic value of volume-weighted mean nuclear volume ([Formula: see text]), a stereological estimation that provides information about nuclear size and its variability. [Formula: see text] of 55 ccMCTs was estimated using the “point-sampled intercept” method and compared with histological grade and clinical outcome. The clinical history of dogs treated with surgical excision alone was available for 30 ccMCTs. Statistical differences in [Formula: see text] were found between grade II ([Formula: see text]= 115 ± 29 µm3) and grade III ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 197 ± 63 µm3), as well as between low-grade ([Formula: see text]= 113 ± 28 µm3) and high-grade ccMCTs ([Formula: see text]= 184 ± 63 µm3). An optimal cutoff value of [Formula: see text] ≥ 150 µm3 and [Formula: see text] ≥ 140 µm3 was determined for grade III and high-grade ccMCTs, respectively. In terms of prognosis, [Formula: see text] was not able to predict the clinical outcome in 42% of the cases; however, cases with [Formula: see text]<125 µm3 had a favorable outcome. These results indicate that, despite having limited prognostic value when used as a solitary parameter, [Formula: see text] is highly reproducible and is associated with histological grade as well as with benign behavior.

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Correlation of histologic grading of canine mast cell tumors with Ki67/PCNA/AgNOR/c-Kit scores: 38 cases (2002-2003)

Veterinary and Comparative Oncology ◽

10.1111/j.1476-5810.2004.0045a.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 98-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. J. Bergman ◽

D. M. Craft ◽

S. J. Newman ◽

K. Baer ◽

M. A. Camps-Palau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Histologic Grading ◽

Mast Cell Tumors

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Impact of mitotic and KI67 indices on prognosis in mast cell tumors in dogs

Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.asams.2016.09.004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (10) ◽

pp. 5

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cell Tumors

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Cutaneous Tumors in Swiss Dogs: Retrospective Data From the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry, 2008–2013

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/0300985818789466 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 809-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ramona Graf ◽

Andreas Pospischil ◽

Franco Guscetti ◽

Daniela Meier ◽

Monika Welle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Nova Scotia ◽

Cancer Registry ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Population Data ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Melanocytic Tumors ◽

Canine Cancer ◽

Tumor Types

Data collected in animal cancer registries comprise extensive and valuable information, even more so when evaluated in context with precise population data. The authors evaluated 11 740 canine skin tumors collected in the Swiss Canine Cancer Registry from 2008–2013, considering data on breed, sex, age, and anatomic locations. Their incidence rate (IR) per 100 000 dogs/year in the Swiss dog population was calculated based on data from the official and mandatory Swiss dog registration database ANIS. The most common tumor types were mast cell tumors (16.35%; IR, 60.3), lipomas (12.47%; IR, 46.0), hair follicle tumors (12.34%; IR, 45.5), histiocytomas (12.10%; IR, 44.6), soft tissue sarcomas (10.86%; IR, 40.1), and melanocytic tumors (8.63%; IR, 31.8) with >1000 tumors per type. The average IR of all tumor types across the 227 registered breeds was 372.2. The highest tumor incidence was found in the Giant Schnauzer (IR, 1616.3), the Standard Schnauzer (IR, 1545.4), the Magyar Vizsla (IR, 1534.6), the Rhodesian Ridgeback (IR, 1445.0), the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever (IR, 1351.7), and the Boxer (IR, 1350.0). Mixed-breed dogs (IR, 979.4) had an increased IR compared to the average of all breeds. Previously reported breed predispositions for most tumor types were confirmed. Nevertheless, the data also showed an increased IR for mast cell tumors and melanocytic tumors in the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever and for histiocytomas in the Flat Coated Retriever. The results from this study can be taken into consideration when selecting purebred dogs for breeding to improve a breed’s health.

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Ancillary techniques on the evaluation of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors from Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20160255 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 1804-1810 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariana Martins Flores ◽

Renata Dalcol Mazaro ◽

Ingeborg Maria Langohr ◽

Alma Roy ◽

Keith Strother ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

The United States ◽

Growth Fraction ◽

Grading System ◽

Low Grade ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Mast Cell Tumors ◽

Cutaneous Mast Cell ◽

Exon 11

ABSTRACT: The use of histologic classification by a 2-tier grading system only, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for KIT and Ki-67 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for internal tandem duplications (ITD) on exon 11 has improved the prognostication of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (CCMTs) particularly in the United States. However, these techniques are not commonly used in most Brazilian laboratories. Likewise, no studies, to date, have investigated the occurrence of ITD in CCMTs from the country. Thus, this study tested the 2-tier grading system, the immunohistochemistry for KIT and Ki-67 and the PCR for exon 11 in a group of Brazilian CCMTs with the goal of investigating the applicability of these tests in a Brazilian laboratory. Of the 39 CCMTs, 69.2% (27/39) were identified as low-grade and 30.8% (12/39) as high-grade by a 2-tier grading system. All tumors had a KIT expression pattern II, and 30.6% (11/36) had a high growth fraction (Ki-67). PCR amplification was successful in four of the 11 tumors examined. Two of these (50%) were positive for ITD. This study highlights the importance of using auxiliary techniques in the CCMT evaluation, identifies limitations and confirms the applicability of these methods on a routine diagnostic basis in Brazil. Our results will help to improve the prognostication of CCMTs in Brazilian diagnostic laboratories, encouraging the use of supplementary methods.

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Canine Mast Cell Tumors

Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice ◽

10.1016/s0195-5616(90)50087-x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 1105-1115 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Deborah A. O’Keefe

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

Mast Cell Tumors

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Effects of electrochemotherapy with cisplatin and peritumoral IL-12 gene electrotransfer on canine mast cell tumors: a histopathologic and immunohistochemical study

Radiology and Oncology ◽

10.1515/raon-2017-0035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 286-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Claudia Salvadori ◽

Tanja Svara ◽

Guido Rocchigiani ◽

Francesca Millanta ◽

Darja Pavlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mast Cell ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

Mhc Class Ii ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Gene Electrotransfer ◽

Neoplastic Cells ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Mast Cell Tumors

AbstractBackgroundThe study was aimed to characterize tumor response after combined treatment employing electrochemotherapy with IL-12 gene electrotransfer in dogs with spontaneous mast cell tumors (MCT).Materials and methodsEleven dogs with eleven MCTswere included in the study. Histological changes were investigated in biopsy specimens collected before the treatment (T0), and 4 (T1) and 8 weeks (T2) later. Cellular infiltrates were characterized immunohistochemically by using anti CD3, CD20, Foxp3 (Treg), CD68 and anti MHC-class II antibodies. Proliferation and anti-apoptotic activity of neoplastic cells were assessed using anti Ki-67 and Bcl-2 antibodies. Angiogenetic processes were investigated immunohistochemically by using anti Factor VIII and anti CD31 antibodies and micro vessel density quantification.ResultsHistopathological examination of samples at T0confirmed the diagnosis and the presence of scanty infiltrates consisted mainly of T-lymphocytes and macrophages. At T1and T2neoplastic cells were drastically reduced in 7/11 cases, small clusters of neoplastic cells were detected in 3/11 cases and 1/11 cases neoplastic cells were still evident. Proliferation activity of neoplastic cells was significantly reduced at T1and T2and expression of anti-apoptotic protein at T1. Microvessel density was drastically reduced in all samples after treatment. The number of T-lymphocytes increased at T1, although not significant, while Treg were significant higher at T1and macrophages at T2.ConclusionsThe combined electrochemotherapy and IL-12 gene electrotransfer effectively induced a cellular response against neoplastic cells characterized mainly by the recruitment of T-lymphocytes and macrophages and a fibrotic proliferation with reduction of microvessels.

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