Mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness on the association of cardiometabolic health with endothelial function, arterial elasticity and arterial stiffness in 9-11-year olds: The ALSPAC study

2020 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. e181-e182
Author(s):  
A.O. Agbaje ◽  
A.R. Barker ◽  
T.-P. Tuomainen
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract 12770: The Significant Role of Endothelium and Arterial Wall Properties in Patients With Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Siasou ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Marilita M Moschos ◽  
Nikolaos Gouliopoulos ◽  
Evangelos Oikonomou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma

Introduction: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is one of the most prevalent causes of irreversible blindness and is associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) is another type of glaucoma observed in pseudoexfoliation syndrome. It is characterized by the deposition of pseudoexfoliative material not only to the anterior segment of the eye, but also to the vessels, heart and other organs. Hypothesis: Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are impaired in patients with POAG and PEG supporting the significant role of vascular function impairment in the progression of the disease. Methods: Forty four POAG patients, 22 PEG and 38 healthy subjects (Cl) were included in this study. All subjects were free of cardiovascular or inflammatory diseases. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as an index of aortic stiffness and augmentation index (AIx) as a measure of arterial wave reflections Results: Between the three study groups CL, POAG, PEG there was no difference in age (67±10years vs. 70±9years vs. 66±12yeras, p=0.12) or prevalence of male sex (70% vs. 57% vs. 50%, p=0.21). Importantly, there was a linear impairment of FMD (7.35±2.77% vs. 6.58±3.18% vs. 4.88±3.29%, p=0.006), PWV (7.98±1.56m/sec vs. 9.20±1.84m/sec vs. 9.22±2.16m/sec, p=0.004) and AIx (21.29±8.77% vs. 25.14±5.71% vs. 28.20±8.75%, p=0.002) from CL to POAG and PEG. Interestingly post hoc test after Scheffe correction revealed also that PEG subjects had not only significantly impaired FMD, compared to control subjects, but also compared to POAG subjects (4.88±3.29% vs. 6.58±3.18%, p=0.02). Conclusions: Endothelial function and arterial stiffness are significantly impaired in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. These findings shed some light in the pathophysiology of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and support the theory that pseudoexfoliative fibrils may also accumulate and damage the arterial wall.

Abstract 4688: The Impact of Marfan Syndrome on Arterial Stiffness and Endothelial Function: The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Brilli ◽  
Dimitris Tousoulis ◽  
Charalambos Antoniades ◽  
George Hatzis ◽  
Nikos Ioakeimidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Augmentation Pressure ◽  
The Impact

Background: Marfan syndrome is characterised by high risk of aortic dissections and increased cardiovascular risk. However, the impact of Marfan syndrome on endothelial function and arterial stiffness is unclear, while the role of matrix metalloproteinases is unknown. We examined the impact of Marfan syndrome on the elastic properties of the arterial tree, and vascular endothelial function, and we evaluated the potential role of matrix metalloproteinases in these effects. Methods: The study population consisted of 17 subjects with Marfan syndrome, aged 26.6±2.3 years old, with BMI 20.5±1.03Kg/m2 and 22 healthy individuals matched for gender, age (26.4±0.78 years old, p=NS) and BMI (22.4±0.86 Kg/m2). Arterial stiffness was evaluated by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), while augmentation pressure and augmentation index (AIx) were also determined, as measures of arterial wave reflections. Endothelial function was evaluated by determining flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery while matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Patients with Marfan syndrome had significantly lower pulse pressure in the radial artery (41.0±1.07mmHg) compared to controls (51.3±4.4mmHg). In addition, patients had higher AIx (17.6±2.4%) and augmentation pressure (5.44±0.65mmHg) compared to controls (7.72±3.43% and 2.41±1.14mmHg respectively, p<0.05 for both). However, the difference in PWV between patients and controls did not reach statistical significance (6.33±0.33 vs 5.96±0.23m/s respectively, p=NS). Patients with Marfan syndrome had lower FMD (2.05±1.13%) and higher plasma MMP-9 (827±70ng/ml) compared to controls (6.8±2.3% p<0.05 and 326±50ng/ml, p<0.01). Conclusions: Marfan syndrome is associated with increased MMP-9 levels, as well as with elevated augmentation index and augmentation pressure compared to healthy individuals, matched for age, gender and body mass index. Moreover, flow-mediated dilation is also impaired in these subjects. These findings suggest that Marfan syndrome directly affects the elastic properties and endothelial function of the arterial tree, with matrix metalloproteinases being important mediators in the pathophysiology of this syndrome.

scholarly journals Longer-Term Soy Nut Consumption Improves Vascular Function and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized, Controlled Cross-Over Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
Lea Tischmann ◽  
Tanja Adam ◽  
Ronald Mensink ◽  
Peter Joris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objectives Soy foods may contribute to the beneficial effects of plant-based diets on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, their effects on vascular function have hardly been investigated. The objective was to investigate if longer-term soy nut consumption improves vascular function and cardiometabolic health in older adults. Methods Twenty-three apparently healthy participants (60–70 years; BMI between 20–30 kg/m2) participated in a randomized, controlled, single-blinded cross-over trial with an intervention (67 g of soy nuts daily providing 25.5 g soy protein) and control period (no nuts) of 16 weeks, separated by eight weeks wash-out. Volunteers followed the Dutch food-based dietary guidelines. At baseline and at 8 and 16 weeks anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples were collected. Markers of vascular function (i.e., endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and microvascular structure) were assessed at week 16. Results No serious adverse events were reported and the soy nut regime was well tolerated. Body weight remained stable. Serum isoflavone concentrations, a marker of compliance, increased after the intervention period (daidzein: 128.3 ng/mL; 95% CI: 72.6–183.9 ng/mL; P &lt; 0.001 and genistein: 439.8 ng/mL 95% CI: 246.7–632.9 ng/mL; P &lt; 0.001). The brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) response increased by 1.49 pp (95% CI: 0.03–2.95 pp; P = 0.046) following the soy intervention, but no effect was found on the carotid artery reactivity (CAR) response. Arterial stiffness, assessed by carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWVc-f), was unchanged. Retinal arteriolar calibers (CRAE), a measure for microvascular structure, tended to improve by 1.42 mm (95% CI: −0.05–2.90 mm; P = 0.059). Soy consumption also lowered serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations by 0.17 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.02–0.32 mmol/L; P = 0.027). HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TAG) did not change. Finally, office SBP and DBP decreased by 4 mmHg (95% CI: 0–8 mmHg; P = 0.034) and 2 mmHg (95% CI: 1–4 mmHg; P = 0.005), respectively. Conclusions A longer-term daily intake of soy nuts improved endothelial function, office blood pressure, and serum LDL-cholesterol concentrations, suggesting mechanisms by which an increased soy food intake beneficially affects CVD risk in older adults. Funding Sources This study was supported by a grant from the Alpro Foundation.

scholarly journals Arterial elasticity, endothelial function and intracranial vascular health: A multimodal MRI study

2020 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2095695
Author(s):  
Wenjin Liu ◽  
Zhensen Chen ◽  
Dakota Ortega ◽  
Xuebing Liu ◽  
Xiaoqin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Vascular Health

Vascular dysfunctions, including arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, are prevalent in hypertensive subjects. We aimed to study their relations to subclinical intracranial vascular health in this study. A total of 200 older hypertensive males without overt cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases were recruited. Arterial elasticity was measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and endothelial function was measured as digital reactive hyperemia index (RHI). Cerebrovascular health was evaluated using MRI in four aspects: intracranial atherosclerosis, brain perfusion as cerebral blood flow (CBF), vascular rarefaction analyzed as visible arterial branches on angiography using a custom-developed analysis technique and small vessel disease measured as white matter hyperintensity (WMH). There was a significant negative association between cfPWV and CBF, suggesting a link between arterial stiffness and CBF decline. Higher cfPWV was also associated with presence of intracranial stenotic plaque and greater WMH volume. RHI was positively related to CBF, indicating that endothelial dysfunction was associated with reduced CBF. All the associations remained significant after adjustment for confounding variables. Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are associated with reduced brain perfusion in older hypertensive males. Arterial stiffness is also associated with global cerebral vascular injury, affecting both small and medium-to-large arteries.

scholarly journals 1244Associations of endothelial function, arterial elasticity, and arterial stiffness with adiponectin and skeletal muscle mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew O. Agbaje ◽  
Alan R. Barker ◽  
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Total Fat

Abstract Background A temporal association where better arterial function and structure predicts adiponectin level and skeletal muscle mass during childhood remains uninvestigated. Methods We studied 5566 children and adolescents (51% girls) aged 9-11 years from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort, Bristol, UK. Brachial artery endothelial function was determined using flow-mediated dilation (FMD), expressed as the percentage change in diameter from baseline after reactive hyperemia; arterial elasticity as distensibility coefficient (DC) expressed in mean percentage change in cross-sectional area relative to blood pressure (BP); and arterial stiffness by carotid to radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV). Skeletal muscle mass and total fat mass were assessed by dual-energy Xray absorptiometry. We conducted multivariable linear regressions with Sidak correction and adjusted for age, sex, total fat mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, pubertal status, brachial artery diameter, systolic BP, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mother’s social-economic class, and time (years) between the measurement of predictors and outcomes. Results FMD (β [95% CI]) = (0.027 [0.007 to 0.047]; P = 0.009) and DC (0.229 [0.088 to 0.369]; P = 0.001) were directly associated with skeletal muscle mass. FMD had a borderline inverse association with adiponectin (-0.004 [-0.008 to &lt; 0.0001]; P = 0.056). crPWV was unrelated to adiponectin and skeletal muscle mass, while DC was not associated with adiponectin. Conclusions Better endothelial function and arterial elasticity were associated with higher skeletal muscle mass while arterial stiffness was unrelated to adiponectin and lean mass. Key message Healthy arterial function and structure may enhance muscle growth in children.

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