Historic and future trends of vehicle emissions in Beijing, 1998–2020: A policy assessment for the most stringent vehicle emission control program in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 216-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaojun Zhang ◽  
Ye Wu ◽  
Xiaomeng Wu ◽  
Mengliang Li ◽  
Yunshan Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Policy Assessment

scholarly journals Evaluating Vehicle Emission Control Policies using on-Road Mobile Measurements and Continuous Wavelet Transform: a Case Study during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum, China 2014

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Tan ◽  
Yanwen Wang ◽  
Chunxiang Ye ◽  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Yingruo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Continuous Wavelet Transform ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Continuous Wavelet ◽  
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation

Abstract. Vehicle emissions are major sources of atmospheric pollutants in urban areas, especially in megacities around the world. Various vehicle emission control policies have been implemented to improve air quality. However, the effectiveness of these policies is unclear, due to a lack of systematic evaluation and sound methodologies. During the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Forum, China 2014, the Chinese government implemented the strictest vehicle emission control policy in the country's history, which provided an opportunity to evaluate its effectiveness, based on our recently developed method. To evaluate the vehicle emission reduction, we used a mobile research platform to measure the main air pollutants (PM2.5, black carbon (BC), SO2, CO, NOx and O3) on the 4th ring road of the city of Beijing, combined with a continuous wavelet transform method (CWT) to separate out "instantaneous emissions" by passing vehicles. The results suggested that our measurements captured the spatial distribution and variation of atmospheric pollutant concentrations on the 4th ring road. The "instantaneous concentration" decomposed by the CWT method represents on-road emissions better than other methods reported in the literature. With this method, we found that the daytime vehicle emission of CO and NOx decreased by 28.1 and 16.3 %, respectively, during the APEC period relative to the period before APEC, and by 39.3 and 38.5 %, respectively, relative to the period after APEC. The nighttime vehicle emissions of CO and NOx decreased by 56.0 and 60.7 %, respectively, during the APEC period relative to the period after APEC. Because vehicle emissions of NOx and CO contribute considerably to the total emissions of these pollutants in Beijing, the vehicle emission control policy implementation was extremely successful in controlling air quality during APEC 2014, China.

scholarly journals Using wavelet transform to analyse on-road mobile measurements of air pollutants: a case study to evaluate vehicle emission control policies during the 2014 APEC summit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingruo Li ◽  
Ziqiang Tan ◽  
Chunxiang Ye ◽  
Junxia Wang ◽  
Yanwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Mobile Measurements

Abstract. Vehicle emissions are a major source of air pollution in urban areas, and thus greatly impact air quality in the megacity Beijing. Various vehicle emission control policies have been implemented at great cost, but there is a lack of appropriate methods to evaluate the effectiveness of such policies. Here we developed a wavelet transform method (WTM) to evaluate the effectiveness of vehicle emission control policies during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, taking advantage of high time resolution mobile measurements of NO, NOx, BC, CO, SO2, and O3 made around the 4th Ring Road of Beijing. The WTM decomposed on-road mobile measurements into low- and high- frequency components, where the former represents immediate vehicle emissions, and the latter represents the atmospheric background in addition to accumulated on-road emissions. The high-frequency component of the WTM (CH_freq.), which represents the concentrations of pollutants from vehicle emissions (Cveh.), was used to evaluate the changes in vehicle emission intensity in the full-APEC period (3–12 November 2014) relative to the pre-APEC (28 October to 2 November 2014) and post-APEC (13–22 November 2014) periods, during which different vehicle emission control policies were implemented. Our results suggest that the Cveh. of NO, NOx, BC, and CO in the full-APEC period were 19.4 %, 17.7 %, 0 %, and 50 % lower, respectively, than those in the pre-APEC period during daytime, and were 50 %, 47.3 %, 62.5 %, and 50 % lower than those in the post-APEC period during daytime. The Cveh. of NO, NOx, BC, and CO in the full-APEC period were 65.3 %, 65.4 %, 14.3 %, and 50 % lower than those in the post-APEC period during nighttime. These results indicate that the vehicle emission control policies implemented during the full-APEC period were effective. The WTM is a feasible and stable technique for signal decomposition of atmospheric measurements, and it is a useful method for the evaluation of pollution control policies.

scholarly journals Using wavelet transform to analyse on-road mobile measurements of air pollutants: a case study to evaluate vehicle emission control policies during the 2014 APEC summit

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 13841-13857
Author(s):  
Yingruo Li ◽  
Ziqiang Tan ◽  
Chunxiang Ye ◽  
Junxia Wang ◽  
Yanwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Great Cost ◽  
Mobile Measurements

Abstract. Vehicle emissions are a major source of air pollution in urban areas and thus greatly impact air quality in the megacity Beijing. Various vehicle emission control policies have been implemented at great cost, but there is a lack of appropriate methods to evaluate the effectiveness of such policies. Here we developed a wavelet transform method (WTM) to evaluate the effectiveness of vehicle emission control policies during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, taking advantage of high-time-resolution mobile measurements of NO, NOx, BC, CO, SO2, and O3 made around the 4th Ring Road of Beijing. The WTM decomposed on-road mobile measurements into high- and low-frequency components, where the former represents immediate vehicle emissions, and the latter represents the atmospheric background in addition to accumulated on-road emissions. The high-frequency component of the WTM (CH_freq.), which represents the concentrations of pollutants from vehicle emissions (Cveh.), was used to evaluate the changes in vehicle emission intensity in the full-APEC period (3–12 November 2014) relative to the pre-APEC (28 October to 2 November 2014) and post-APEC (13–22 November 2014) periods, during which different vehicle emission control policies were implemented. Our results suggest that the Cveh. of NO, NOx, BC, and CO in the full-APEC period were 19.4 %, 17.7 %, 0.0 %, and 50.0 % lower, respectively, than those in the pre-APEC period during daytime and were 50.0 %, 47.3 %, 62.5 %, and 50.0 % lower than those in the post-APEC period during daytime. The Cveh. of NO, NOx, BC, and CO in the full-APEC period were 65.3 %, 65.4 %, 14.3 %, and 50.0 % lower than those in the post-APEC period during night-time. These results indicate that the vehicle emission control policies implemented during the full-APEC period were effective. Using on-road mobile measurements in combination with the WTM, we developed a new method for the evaluation of pollution control policies.

Historical evaluation of vehicle emission control in Guangzhou based on a multi-year emission inventory

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaojun Zhang ◽  
Ye Wu ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Xiaomeng Wu ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Emission Control ◽  
Vehicle Emission

scholarly journals A Model Tree-Based Vehicle Emission Model at Freeway Toll Plazas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8959
Author(s):  
Yueru Xu ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Yuan Zheng ◽  
Zhuoqun Sun ◽  
Zhirui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Toll Plazas ◽  
Model Tree ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Toll Collection

With the increased concern over sustainable development, many efforts have been made to alleviate air quality deterioration. Freeway toll plazas can cause serious pollution, due to the increased emissions caused by stop-and-go operations. Different toll collections and different fuel types obviously influence the vehicle emissions at freeway toll plazas. Therefore, this paper proposes a model tree-based vehicle emission model by considering these factors. On-road emissions data and vehicle operation data were obtained from two different freeway toll plazas. The statistical analysis indicates that different methods of toll collection and fuel types have significant impacts on vehicle emissions at freeway toll plazas. The performance of the proposed model was compared with a polynomial regression method. Based on the results, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) of the proposed model were all smaller, while the R-squared value increased from 0.714 to 0.833. Finally, the variations of vehicle emissions at different locations of freeway toll plazas were calculated and shown in heat maps. The results of this study can help better estimate the vehicle emissions and give advice to the development of electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes and relevant policies at freeway toll plazas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document