Common and distinct neural systems support the generation retrieval phase of autobiographical memory and personal problem solving

2021 ◽  
Vol 397 ◽  
pp. 112911
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Peters ◽  
Signy Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Personal Problem ◽  
Retrieval Phase

Personal Problem Solving of Partners in Divorce Proceedings

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Soukupova ◽  
Petr Goldmann
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Thematic Apperception Test ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personal Problem ◽  
Thematic Apperception ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Given

Abstract. The Thematic Apperception Test is one of the most frequently administered apperceptive techniques. Formal scoring systems are helpful in evaluating story responses. TAT stories, made by 20 males and 20 females in the situation of legal divorce proceedings, were coded for detection and comparison of their personal problem solving ability. The evaluating instrument utilized was the Personal Problem Solving System-Revised (PPSS-R) as developed by G. F. Ronan. The results indicate that in relation to card 1, men more often than women saw the cause of the problem as removable. With card 6GF, women were more motivated to resolve the given problem than were men, women had a higher personal control and their stories contained more optimism compared to men’s stories. In relation to card 6BM women, more often than men, used emotions generated from the problem to orient themselves within the problem. With card 13MF, the men’s level of stress was less compared to that of the women, and men were more able to plan within the context of problem-solving. Significant differences in the examined groups were found in those cards which depicted significant gender and parental potentials. The TAT can be used to help identify personality characteristics and gender differences.

Autobiographical Memory and Social Problem-solving in Asperger Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Goddard ◽  
Patricia Howlin ◽  
Barbara Dritschel ◽  
Trishna Patel
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Asperger Syndrome ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Social Problem Solving

Autobiographical Memory Specificity Predicts Social Problem-Solving Ability in Old and Young Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1275-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Beaman ◽  
Dolores Pushkar ◽  
Sarah Etezadi ◽  
Dorothea Bye ◽  
Michael Conway
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Problem Solving ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Problem Solving Task

Based on recent research with young, depressed adults, age-related cognitive declines and decreased autobiographical specificity were hypothesized to predict poorer social problem-solving ability in older than in younger healthy adults. Priming autobiographical memory (ABM) was hypothesized to improve social problem-solving performance for older adults. Subsequent to cognitive tests, old and young participants’ specific ABMs were tested using a cued recall task, followed by a social problem-solving task. The order of the tasks was counterbalanced to test for a priming effect. Autobiographical specificity was related to cognitive ability and predicted social problem-solving ability for both age groups. However, priming of ABM did not improve social problem-solving ability for older or younger adults. This study provides support for the hypothesis that autobiographical memory serves a directive function across the life-span.

The Relationship Between Problem-Solving and Autobiographical Memory in Parasuicide Patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Sidley ◽  
Kim Whitaker ◽  
Rachel M. Calam ◽  
Adrian Wells
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
City District ◽  
Interpersonal Problem Solving ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between effectiveness of interpersonal problem-solving and specificity of autobiographical memory was examined for 35 patients admitted to an inner-city District General Hospital following a deliberate drug-overdose. The results replicated those of Evans, Williams, O'Loughlin and Howells (1992) in finding a significant correlation between ineffective problem-solving and the over-general retrieval of autobiographical memories, giving further support to the suggestion that an over-general memory database may underpin the problem-solving deficits characteristic of parasuicide patients. However, the correlation coefficient computed was notably lower than in the Evans et al. study and an attempt is made to explain this discrepancy on the basis of differences in the levels of psychopathology between the patients involved in each study.

Executive Functions, Episodic Autobiographical Memory, Problem-Solving Capacity, and Depression Proposal for a Structural Equations Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Juan C. Meléndez ◽  
Rita Redondo ◽  
Joaquin Escudero ◽  
Encarna Satorres ◽  
Alfonso Pitarque
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Structural Equations Model

The executive functions play an important role in storing and recovering autobiographical memories, especially episodic memories. These types of memories provide information about solutions and experiences from the past that can be utilized as examples in the present when seeking solutions to any problem. In addition, a close relationship between depression and the executive functions has been widely recognized. This study aims to elaborate a structural equations model that empirically supports the relationships among the executive functions, episodic autobiographical memory, and the adaptive capacity to solve problems, taking into account the depressed mood state. In all, 32 healthy elderly people, 32 patients with Parkinson disease, 32 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and 32 with Alzheimer disease were evaluated. Structural equation models were estimated to test the effects among the constructs. The final model shows adequate fit indexes, thus revealing that an individual’s problem-solving capacity will depend on the capacity to access the episodic autobiographical memory, which in turn will depend on the maintenance of executive functioning. In a parallel way, the mood state, and specifically depression, will play a modulator role because when there is depressive symptomatology, some capacities that depend on executive control can be diminished.

Role of causal attribution in personal problem solving.

1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann H. Baumgardner ◽  
P. Paul Heppner ◽  
Robert M. Arkin
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
Personal Problem

Perceived Problem-Solving and Vocational Identity: Implication for Nontraditional Premedical Students

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Henry
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Vocational Identity ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Special Program ◽  
Premedical Students ◽  
Personal Problem ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vocational Situation

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between vocational identity and self-appraised problem solving. A total of 86 students enrolled in a special program took the Vocational Identity subscale of My Vocational Situation and the Problem Solving Inventory one week apart. Pearson product-moment correlations indicated a relationship between personal problem-solving appraisal and vocational identity, suggesting the inventories assess one construct. Implications for intervention strategies for the present population are discussed.

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