Insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), predation on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on Transvaal daisy, Gerbera jamesonii, cut flowers and chrysanthemum, Tanacetum x grandiflorum, plants under laboratory and greenhouse conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 104739
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Herrick ◽  
Raymond A. Cloyd ◽  
Mary A. Conner ◽  
Gergely Motolai
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Orius Insidiosus ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Insidious Flower Bug

The effectiveness of a range of insecticides against western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) on cut flowers

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Seaton ◽  
D. F. Cook ◽  
D. C. Hardie
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Insecticide Spray

Three insecticide spray trials were conducted on field calendulas and chrysanthemums to test the effectiveness of 10 insecticides against western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). The efficacy of each insecticide was assessed between 1 and 11 days post-spraying. Methamidophos was the most effective insecticide, followed to a lesser extent by dichlorvos, ¸Λ -cyhalothrin, fluvalinate, and maldison. Apart from methamidophos, insecticides were generally less than 50% effective at 3 or more days post-spraying. In a separate trial, 5 insecticides were applied as drenches to the soil of pots in which carnations infested with F. occidentalis were grown. The pots were placed in thrips containment cages and adult thrips emerging from the soil were caught on sticky traps. Parathion-methyl and chlorpyrifos reduced thrips emergence from soil by 90–95%.

scholarly journals Comparisons of Chemical Controls for Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) on Greenhouse-grown Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 677a-677
Author(s):  
Julie A. McIntyre ◽  
Douglas A. Hopper ◽  
W.S. Cranshaw
Keyword(s):  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Saccharopolyspora Spinosa ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Soil Actinomycete ◽  
Over Time

Chemical and physical methods were tested to determine their effectiveness in controlling Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), in greenhouses. Comparisons were made between abamectin (Avid); Spinosyn A and D, formulated from the soil Actinomycete, Saccharopolyspora spinosa (Spinosad); azadirachtin (Margosan-O); and diatomaceous earth, a physical control aimed at deterring pupation. Results based on the number of thrips counted in gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) flowers indicate that the chemical treatments were significantly more effective in reducing populations than the diatomaceous earth. Over time, the population of thrips in both the Avid and Spinosad treatments was reduced to zero. Diatomaceous earth treatments reduced populations almost 50% as compared to the control, while reductions from Margosan-O ranged 50-90%.

A REARING METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LARGE NUMBERS OF THE INSIDIOUS FLOWER BUG, ORIUS INSIDIOSUS (SAY) (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE)

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Schmidt ◽  
P.C. Richards ◽  
H. Nadel ◽  
G. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Orius Insidiosus ◽  
Predatory Bugs ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Insidious Flower Bug

The western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergrande)] (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major pest of greenhouse crops (Broadbent et al. 1987; van der Veire and Degheele 1992; Chambers et al. 1993). Chemical control of F. occidentalis is difficult because of its cryptic behaviour and widespread resistance to insecticides (Immaraju et al. 1992). The insidious flower bug, Orius insidiosus (Say), is widely promoted as an effective biological control agent for this pest (Chambers et al. 1993; van der Veire and Degheele 1992; Castane and Zalom 1994) and its use has increased steadily since their introduction in the late 1980s. When our project was initiated in 1989, O. insidiosus was a little known and largely unavailable biological control agent. Now there are several domestic and international commercial sources of Orius spp. and these predatory bugs have become a focus of research in Canada, the United States, and Europe. At first it was difficult and costly to maintain cultures of only 100 or 200 individuals but now we can rear 50000 — 100000 Orius per week for less than $0.03 (Canadian) each.

scholarly journals Flower Quality, Flower Number, and Western Flower Thrips Density on Transvaal Daisy Treated with Granular Insecticides

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Cloyd ◽  
Clifford S. Sadof
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Flower Tissue ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Flower Quality

Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of two granular systemic insecticides, acephate (Pinpoint 15G) and imidacloprid (Marathon 1G), against western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) on Transvaal daisy (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex. Hook. f). These studies were arranged in a randomized complete-block design with four blocks and four treatments per block. Two rates of acephate (0.75 g/16.5-cm pot and 1.0 g/16.5-cm pot) and one rate of imidacloprid (1.3 g/16.5-cm pot) were used in two studies. Plants were artificially inoculated with five adult western flower thrips at the prebloom stage. Plants were evaluated each week for flower quality (1 = complete injury or flower distortion to 5 = no injury), thrips density per flower, and number of plants flowering in each plot. Both studies showed that the acephate treated plants had the best flower quality, lowest numbers of thrips, and greatest number of plants flowering compared to imidacloprid and the check. These studies demonstrate that granulated acephate exhibits some activity in flower tissue and may assist growers in managing western flower thrips in floricultural crops.

THE EFFECTS OF SELECTED DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS ON SURVIVAL AND REPRODUCTION OF ORIUS INSIDIOSUS (SAY) (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE)

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Richards ◽  
J.M. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Orius Insidiosus ◽  
Corn Pollen ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

AbstractDiets combining the eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) with corn pollen, green snap bean pods, and adult western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis Pergrande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)] were evaluated for their effects on the predatory anthocorid bug Orius insidiosus (Say). Nymphs fed only corn pollen did not complete development. Fourteen percent of the nymphs fed only green bean pod sections reached the adult stage. Females reared on a diet of bean pod sections did not oviposit. Nymphal survival, adult longevity, and fecundity were greatest for diets containing both E. kuehniella and green bean pods. When diets of bean pod sections and eggs of E. kuehniella were supplemented with pollen, egg production was slightly increased. Adult females provided with thrips were not more fecund than females maintained on a diet of eggs of E. kuehniella. Egg production increased significantly with the number of thrips consumed, demonstrating the importance of adult nutrition.

scholarly journals Effects of Spinosad and Acephate on Western Flower Thrips Inside and Outside a Greenhouse

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond A. Cloyd ◽  
Clifford S. Sadof
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Blocks

Greenhouse studies were conducted from 1996 to 1998 to determine the efficacy of spinosad, and acephate, against western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) on transvaal daisy (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex. Hook f). In addition, the number of natural enemies inside and outside the greenhouse was determined. Studies were arranged in a randomized complete-block design with four blocks and four treatments per block. Three rates of spinosad, 50, 100, and 200 mg·L-1 (ppm), and one rate of acephate, 600 mg·L-1 were used in all three studies. Plants were artificially inoculated at bloom with 10 adult western flower thrips. The number of live and dead thrips was counted from each plant. In all three studies, both spinosad and acephate controlled thrips. However, there was more variation in the average number of live thrips for acephate than spinosad across years. In all treatments fewer live thrips and more natural enemies were found on plants outside the greenhouse than inside the greenhouse. This suggests that placing plants outdoors allows the natural enemies of thrips to colonize plants and provide supplemental control.

scholarly journals Comparison of thrips sensitivity of three commercial chrysanthemum cultivars

Gradus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Tímea Kelemen ◽  
János Ágoston
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Thrips Species

Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis)and onion thrips (Thrips tabaci)are very important pests of vegetables and ornamentals grown under protected conditions. Both are vectors of several Orthotospovirusspecies. We wanted to know if these insects have a host preference and a gradation period, so we contacted a cut chrysanthemum grower in south Bács-Kiskun county if he would allow us to followupthe occurrence of these thrips species in his nursery. We carried out our trial from 2015 to 2019 on 3 cultivars. These cultivars are popular cut flowers in Hungary and are grown successfully by many growers. Basedon our results we were able to answer both questions.

scholarly journals Morphological and Chemical Factors Related to Western Flower Thrips Resistance in the Ornamental Gladiolus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Dinar S. C. Wahyuni ◽  
Young Hae Choi ◽  
Kirsten A. Leiss ◽  
Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Highly Correlated

Understanding the mechanisms involved in host plant resistance opens the way for improved resistance breeding programs by using the traits involved as markers. Pest management is a major problem in cultivation of ornamentals. Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) is an economically important ornamental in the Netherlands. Gladiolus is especially sensitive to attack by western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)). The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate morphological and chemical markers for resistance breeding to western flower thrips in Gladiolus varieties. We measured thrips damage of 14 Gladiolus varieties in a whole-plant thrips bioassay and related this to morphological traits with a focus on papillae density. Moreover, we studied chemical host plant resistance to using an eco-metabolomic approach comparing the 1H NMR profiles of thrips resistant and susceptible varieties representing a broad range of papillae densities. Thrips damage varied strongly among varieties: the most susceptible variety showed 130 times more damage than the most resistant one. Varieties with low thrips damage had shorter mesophylls and epidermal cells, as well as a higher density of epicuticular papillae. All three traits related to thrips damage were highly correlated with each other. We observed a number of metabolites related to resistance against thrips: two unidentified triterpenoid saponins and the amino acids alanine and threonine. All these compounds were highly correlated amongst each other as well as to the density of papillae. These correlations suggest that papillae are involved in resistance to thrips by producing and/or storing compounds causing thrips resistance. Although it is not possible to distinguish the individual effects of morphological and chemical traits statistically, our results show that papillae density is an easy marker in Gladiolus-breeding programs targeted at increased resistance to thrips.

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