Improving in vivo plant nitrogen content estimates from digital images: Trueness and precision of a new approach as compared to other methods and commercial devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Confalonieri ◽  
Livia Paleari ◽  
Ermes Movedi ◽  
Valentina Pagani ◽  
Francesca Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Plant Nitrogen

Carbon nanomaterials based on interpolyelectrolyte complex lignosulfonate-chitosan

Holzforschung ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Brovko ◽  
Irina Palamarchuk ◽  
Konstantin Bogolitsyn ◽  
Nikolay Bogdanovich ◽  
Artem Ivakhnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electron Pair ◽  
Spherical Geometry ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Interpolyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
New Approach

AbstractA new approach to the formation of “fullerene-like” carbon-nitrogen carbogels based on the interpolyelectrolyte complex lignosulfonate-chitosan (IPEC LSNa-CT) was developed. It was established that carbogel maintained the morphology of the precursor complex, i.e. the spherical geometry and the particle size of its main fractions (40–55 nm) were stored in the carbonizate. The influence of pyrolysis (Py) temperature was studied in the range of 500–1000°C on the structure of carbonizate. Carbogels obtained under different processing conditions have a well-developed microporous structure. The specific surface area of carbogels reduced with increasing Py temperature according to their nitrogen content. The maximum specific surface area (438.3 m2g−1) corresponds to the carbogel obtained at 600°C, while the maximum nitrogen content of this sample is 4.4%. The internal porosity of the material and the volume of supermicropores are reduced with increasing Py temperature due to the accumulation of double and triple carbon bonds in the carbogel. Apparently, the structure-forming N-atoms participate in the formation of condensed nitrogen-containing and cyclic structures as a donor of the electron pair and as such they accelerate the carbonization process.

Bioresorbable Microspheres as Injectable Cell Carrier: FRom Preparation to in Vitro Evaluation

1998 ◽  
Vol 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Senuma ◽  
S. Franceschin ◽  
J. G. Hilborn ◽  
P. Tissiéres ◽  
P. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Muscular Structure ◽  
Cell Carrier ◽  
Support Matrix ◽  
Vesico Ureteral Reflux

AbstractA new approach to the vesico-ureteral reflux could be a local regeneration of the defective vesicoureteral junction by transplanting living cells to the target site. The aim of this work is to provide a long-term effective treatment by producing bioresorbable microspheres which can act as support matrix for those cells, with the goal of an in vivo transfer of the in vitro cultured cells with a minimal surgical procedure. After microsphere degradation, the cells should be integrated into the muscular structure of the junction. Most innovative is that these are cultured muscle and urothelial cells from the bladder of the same patient.

scholarly journals Learning from B12 enzymes: biomimetic and bioinspired catalysts for eco-friendly organic synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2553-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Tahara ◽  
Ling Pan ◽  
Toshikazu Ono ◽  
Yoshio Hisaeda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Enzyme Functions

Cobalamins (B12) play various important roles in vivo. Most B12-dependent enzymes are divided into three main subfamilies: adenosylcobalamin-dependent isomerases, methylcobalamin-dependent methyltransferases, and dehalogenases. Mimicking these B12 enzyme functions under non-enzymatic conditions offers good understanding of their elaborate reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, bio-inspiration offers a new approach to catalytic design for green and eco-friendly molecular transformations. As part of a study based on vitamin B12 derivatives including heptamethyl cobyrinate perchlorate, we describe biomimetic and bioinspired catalytic reactions with B12 enzyme functions. The reactions are classified according to the corresponding three B12 enzyme subfamilies, with a focus on our recent development on electrochemical and photochemical catalytic systems. Other important reactions are also described, with a focus on radical-involved reactions in terms of organic synthesis.

scholarly journals In vivo measurement of intrauterine pressure by telemetry: a new approach for studying parturition in mouse models

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Pierce ◽  
William Kutschke ◽  
Rafael Cabeza ◽  
Sarah K. England
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Mouse Uterus ◽  
New Approach ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Intrauterine Pressure

Transgenic and knockout mouse models have proven useful in the study of genes necessary for parturition—including genes that affect the timing and/or progression of labor contractions. However, taking full advantage of these models will require a detailed characterization of the contractile patterns in the mouse uterus. Currently the best methodology for this has been measurement of isometric tension in isolated muscle strips in vitro. However, this methodology does not provide a real-time measure of changes in uterine pressure over the course of pregnancy. Recent advances have opened the possibility of using radiotelemetric devices to more accurately and comprehensively study intrauterine pressure in vivo. We tested the effectiveness of this technology in the mouse, in both wild-type (WT) mice and a mouse model of defective parturition (SK3 channel-overexpressing mice), after surgical implant of telemetry transmitters into the uterine horn. Continuous recordings from day 18 of pregnancy through delivery revealed that WT mice typically deliver during the 12-h dark cycle after 19.5 days postcoitum. In these mice, intrauterine pressure gradually increases during this cycle, to threefold greater than that measured during the 12-h cycle before delivery. SK3-overexpressing mice, by contrast, exhibited lower intrauterine pressure over the same period. These results are consistent with the outcome of previous in vitro studies, and they indicate that telemetry is an accurate method for measuring uterine contraction, and hence parturition, in mice. The use of this technology will lead to important novel insights into changes in intrauterine pressure during the course of pregnancy.

In Vivo Ester Hydrolysis as a New Approach in Development of Positron Emission Tomography Tracers for Imaging Hypoxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1156-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Zhang ◽  
Xinyue Yao ◽  
Jianhua Cao ◽  
Haiyan Hong ◽  
Aili Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Ester Hydrolysis ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Positron Emission

scholarly journals Extension of thein vivohaploid induction system from maize to wheat

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxu Liu ◽  
Yu Zhong ◽  
Xiaolong Qi ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Zongkai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Haploid Induction ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Haploid Production

AbstractDoubled haploid breeding technology has been one of the most important techniques for accelerating crop breeding. In compare toin vivohaploid induction in maize, which is efficient and background independent, wheat haploid production by interspecific hybridization pollinated with maize is influenced by genetic background and requires rescue of young embryos. Here, we analyzed the homologues of maize haploid induction geneMTL/ZmPLA1/NLDin several crop species systematically, the homologues are highly conserved in sorghum, millet and wheat etc. Since wheat is a very important polyploidy crop, as a proof of concept, we demonstrated that thein vivohaploid induction method could be extended from diploid maize to hexaploid wheat by knocking out the wheat homologues (TaPLAs). Result showed that double knock-out mutation could trigger wheat haploid induction at ~ 2%-3%, accompanied by 30% - 60% seed setting rate. The performance of haploid wheat individual showed shorter plant, narrower leaves and male sterile. Our results also revealed that knockout ofTaPLA-A andTaPLA-D do not affect pollen viability. This study not only confirmed the function of the induction gene and explored a new approach for haploid production in wheat, but also provided an example that thein vivohaploid induction could be applied in more crop species with different ploidy levels. Furthermore, by combining with gene editing, it would be a fast and powerful platform for traits improvement in polyploidy crops breeding.

scholarly journals Endomicroscopy and Cancer: A New Approach to the Visualization of Neoangiogenesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Cannizzaro ◽  
Maurizio Mongiat ◽  
Vincenzo Canzonieri ◽  
Mara Fornasarig ◽  
Stefania Maiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Antiangiogenic Treatment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Angiogenic Therapy ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Subcellular Resolution

Probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (pCLE) is a novel imaging technique for gastrointestinal endoscopy providingin vivomicroscopy at subcellular resolution. It offers the possibility to analyze neoangiogenesis and vessel densityin vivo. Angiogenetic switch is essential in cancer progression. Aim of the paper was to review the use of this imaging tool to analyze colorectal and gastric cancers vascularizationin vivo. The aim is to provide the possibility of combining diagnostic evidences with vascularization and molecular profile to evaluate the efficacy of an antiangiogenic treatment in association with conventional therapy. pCLE can be considered a revolutionary method for real-time assessment of changes in vascularization pattern in this tumors and it may open the possibility to address the use of anti-angiogenic therapy in order to improve the outcome of the treatment.

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