Attention bias towards negative emotional information and its relationship with daily worry in the context of acute stress: An eye-tracking study

Objectives: Depression and ADHD often co-occur and are both characterized by altered attentional processing. Differences and overlap in the profile of attention to emotional information may help explain the co-occurence. We examined negative attention bias in ADHD as neurocognitive marker for comorbid depression. Methods: Patients with depression ( n = 63), ADHD ( n = 43), ADHD and depression ( n = 25), and non-psychiatric controls ( n = 68) were compared on attention allocation toward emotional faces. The following eye-tracking indices were used: gaze duration, number of revisits, and location and duration of first fixation. Results: Controls revisited the happy faces more than the other facial expressions. Both the depression and the comorbid group showed significantly less revisits of the happy faces compared to the ADHD and the control group. Interestingly, after controlling for depressive symptoms, the groups no longer differed on the number of revisits. Conclusion: ADHD patients show a relative positive attention bias, while negative attention bias in ADHD likely indicates (sub)clinical comorbid depression.

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The cross-modal transfer of emotional information from voices to faces in 5-, 8- and 10-year-old children and adults: An eye-tracking study.

Emotion ◽

10.1037/emo0000758 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Amaya Palama ◽

Jennifer Malsert ◽

Didier Grandjean ◽

David Sander ◽

Edouard Gentaz

Keyword(s):

Eye Tracking ◽

Emotional Information ◽

The Cross

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Differential Effects of 5-HTTLPR Genotypes on Inhibition of Negative Emotional Information Following Acute Stress Exposure and Tryptophan Challenge

Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1038/npp.2010.221 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 819-826 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

C Rob Markus ◽

Rudi De Raedt

Keyword(s):

Acute Stress ◽

Stress Exposure ◽

Emotional Information ◽

Differential Effects

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Visual hot spots: An eye tracking study of attention bias in body dysmorphic disorder

Journal of Psychiatric Research ◽

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.06.015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 125-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Greenberg ◽

Lillian Reuman ◽

Andrea S. Hartmann ◽

Irina Kasarskis ◽

Sabine Wilhelm

Keyword(s):

Eye Tracking ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽

Attention Bias

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Anxiety-Related Attention Bias in Four- to Eight-Year-Olds: An Eye-Tracking Study

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs10120194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 194

Author(s):

Suzannah Stuijfzand ◽

Bobby Stuijfzand ◽

Shirley Reynolds ◽

Helen Dodd

Keyword(s):

Eye Tracking ◽

Effortful Control ◽

Community Sample ◽

Age Groups ◽

Attention Bias ◽

Overt Attention ◽

Age Related ◽

Neutral Face ◽

Moderation Model ◽

Development Of Anxiety

(1) Background: There is evidence of an attention bias–anxiety relationship in children, but lack of appropriate methods has limited the number of studies with children younger than eight years old. This study used eye tracking as a measure of overt attention in young children. The aim of this study was to assess anxiety-related attention bias in children aged four to eight years. Age was considered a moderator, and the influence of effortful control was investigated. (2) Method: A community sample of 104 children was shown pairs of happy–neutral and angry–neutral faces. Growth curve analyses were used to examine patterns of gaze over time. (3) Results: Analyses revealed moderation by age and anxiety, with distinct patterns of anxiety-related biases seen in different age groups in the angry–neutral face trials. Effortful control did not account for age-related effects. (4) Conclusions: The results support a moderation model of the development of anxiety in children.

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