Comparative in vivo toxicity, organ biodistribution and immune response of pristine, carboxylated and PEGylated few-layer graphene sheets in Swiss albino mice: A three month study

Carbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 511-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhilash Sasidharan ◽  
Siddharth Swaroop ◽  
Chaitanya K. Koduri ◽  
Chundayil Madathil Girish ◽  
Parwathy Chandran ◽  
...  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tchamgoue ◽  
Amelework N. Eyado ◽  
Boniface P. Kamdem Kamdem ◽  
Yvan Anderson T. Ngandjui Ngandjui ◽  
Jean Claude Tchouankeu ◽  
...  

Malaria is regarded as one of the most lethal diseases. Resistance to artemisinin and its derivatives jeopardises effective malaria treatment. Finding novel antimalarial chemicals is critical given the existing treatment situation. This work aimed to examine the antiplasmodial capabilities of <i>Pseudarthria hookeri</i> fractions and flavonoids in vivo. The fractions and compounds antiplasmodial activity were evaluated on male Swiss albino mice infected with <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>, and on healthy female Swiss albino mice, the crude extract's acute toxicity was assessed. The EtOAc fraction had significant antiplasmodial activity (32.53 percent suppression at 500 mg/kg BW) and considerably prolonged the survival period of infected mice (9.8 days) compared to control mice (7.8 days). Parasitaemia was dramatically reduced (85.01, 59.41, and 70.39 percent), and the mean survival time extended (11.33, 10.00, and 9.33 days) with 15, 20 and 35 mg/kg of quercetin (<b>1</b>), 7-O-benzyl-6-prenylpinocembrin (<b>6</b>) and 6,8-diprenyleriodictyol (<b>11</b>) (isolates of the EtOAc fraction), respectively. BW loss and PCV reduction were also averted. Moreover, at 2500 mg/kg, the crude extract of <i>P. hookeri</i> showed no acute toxicity in mice. LC-MS analysis of the EtOAc fraction enabled the identification of nine flavonoids, with <b>8</b> and <b>11</b> being the main components. The present investigation confirmed <i>P. hookeri</i>'s antiplasmodial action, substantiating its ethnomedicinal application for malaria treatment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 10331-10339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Chang ◽  
Kazuki Matsumura ◽  
Jizong Zhang ◽  
Jie Qi ◽  
Chengyang Wang ◽  
...  

2D porous carbon nanosheets (PCNs) occupy the foreground in the field of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs).


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 3267-3273
Author(s):  
Sumaira Naz ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
Muhammad Naveed Umar ◽  
Fatmah S. AlQahtany ◽  
Yousif M. Elnahas ◽  
...  

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4032
Author(s):  
Lianlian Liu ◽  
Niclas Solin ◽  
Olle Inganäs

Humic acid (HA) is a biopolymer formed from degraded plants, making it a ubiquitous, renewable, sustainable, and low cost source of biocarbon materials. HA contains abundant functional groups, such as carboxyl-, phenolic/alcoholic hydroxyl-, ketone-, and quinone/hydroquinone (Q/QH2)-groups. The presence of Q/QH2 groups makes HA redox active and, accordingly, HA is a candidate material for energy storage. However, as HA is an electronic insulator, it is essential to combine it with conductive materials in order to enable fabrication of HA electrodes. One of the lowest cost types of conductive materials that can be considered is carbon-based conductors such as graphite. Herein, we develop a facile method allowing the biocarbon to meet carbon; HA (in the form of a sodium salt) is mixed with graphite by a solvent-free mechanochemical method involving ball milling. Few-layer graphene sheets are formed and the HA/graphite mixtures can be used to fabricate HA/graphite hybrid material electrodes. These electrodes exhibit a conductivity of up to 160 S·m−1 and a discharge capacity as large as 20 mAhg−1. Our study demonstrates a novel methodology enabling scalable fabrication of low cost and sustainable organic electrodes for application as supercapacitors.


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