Long-term Clinical Follow-up of Japanese Heart Failure Patients Received ICD Therapy for Primary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death

Abstract Aims While data from randomized trials suggest a declining incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among heart failure patients, the extent to which such a trend is present among patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has not been evaluated. We therefore assessed changes in SCD incidence, and associated factors, in CRT recipients over the last 20 years. Methods and results Literature search from inception to 30 April 2018 for observational and randomized studies involving CRT patients, with or without defibrillator, providing specific cause-of-death data. Sudden cardiac death was the primary endpoint. For each study, rate of SCD per 1000 patient-years of follow-up was calculated. Trend line graphs were subsequently constructed to assess change in SCD rates over time, which were further analysed by device type, patient characteristics, and medical therapy. Fifty-three studies, comprising 22 351 patients with 60 879 patient-years of follow-up and a total of 585 SCD, were included. There was a gradual decrease in SCD rates since the early 2000s in both randomized and observational studies, with rates falling more than four-fold. The rate of decline in SCD was steeper than that of all-cause mortality, and accordingly, the proportion of deaths which were due to SCD declined over the years. The magnitude of absolute decline in SCD was more prominent among CRT-pacemaker (CRT-P) patients compared to those receiving CRT-defibrillator (CRT-D), with the difference in SCD rates between CRT-P and CRT-D decreasing considerably over time. There was a progressive increase in age, use of beta-blockers, and left ventricular ejection fraction, and conversely, a decrease in QRS duration and antiarrhythmic drug use. Conclusion Sudden cardiac death rates have progressively declined in the CRT heart failure population over time, with the difference between CRT-D vs. CRT-P recipients narrowing considerably.

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Early Repolarization Pattern Associated with Sudden Cardiac Death: Long-Term Follow-Up in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology ◽

10.1111/jce.12093 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 632-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

YOSHIO FURUKAWA ◽

TAKAHISA YAMADA ◽

TAKASHI MORITA ◽

YUSUKE IWASAKI ◽

MASATO KAWASAKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Early Repolarization ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Noninvasive programmed ventricular stimulation for prediction of future events in patients with cardioverter-defibrillator implanted for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euab116.366 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

P Futyma ◽

P Santangeli ◽

L Zarebski ◽

A Wrzos ◽

J Sander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Prevention ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Composite Endpoint ◽

Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽

Programmed Ventricular Stimulation ◽

Ventricular Stimulation

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. OnBehalf The NIPS-ICD Investigators Background Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) offers an opportunity to examine vulnerability to ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) by performing non-invasive programmed ventricular stimulation (NIPS). Whether NIPS can predict mortality in patients with primary prevention ICD, has not yet been examined. Purpose To examine a long-term predictive value of NIPS for identification of patients at increased risk of death during follow up. Methods The study group consisted of consecutive 41 patients with ICD implanted for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death, included in the prospective NIPS-ICD study (ClinicalTrials ID: NCT02373306) (34 males, age 64 ± 11 years). The patients underwent NIPS using the protocol up to three premature extrastimuli at 600, 500 and 400ms drive cycle lengths. The end-point of NIPS was induction of sustained VT or VF or completion of the protocol. Results At baseline NIPS, VT/VF was induced in 8 (20%) patients. After 5 year follow up mortality rate was significantly higher in patients who had VT/VF induced at NIPS vs no VT/VF at NIPS (38% vs 12%, p = 0.04). The difference in mortality was most remarkable at 3 (38% vs 3%, p = 0.001) and 4 years (38% vs 6%, p = 0.007). The NIPS-induced VT/VF had a sensitivity of 37.5%, specificity of 88%, positive predictive value of 43% and negative predictive value of 85% for occurrence of death during follow up. An occurrence of secondary composite endpoint consisting of VT/VF recurrence or death was also most frequent in NIPS-inducible group (75% vs 24%, p = 0.037). In a multivariate Cox-Proportional Hazard model induction of VT/VF at NIPS along with age≥65, and treatment with amiodarone was an independent predictor of the composite endpoint during follow-up Conclusions Inducibility of VF/VF during NIPS in patients with primary prevention ICD is associated with higher mortality and higher incidence of composite endpoint consisting of death or VT/VF during a long term observation. Abstract Figure. Kaplan-Meier survival curves

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Dual- vs. single-chamber defibrillators for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death: long-term follow-up of the Défibrillateur Automatique Implantable—Prévention Primaire registry

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euw230 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 1478-1484 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Pascal Defaye ◽

Serge Boveda ◽

Didier Klug ◽

Frankie Beganton ◽

Olivier Piot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Prevention ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Prévention Primaire ◽

Single Chamber ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Long-term efficacy of implantable cardiac resynchronization therapy plus defibrillator for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with mild heart failure: an updated meta-analysis

Heart Failure Reviews ◽

10.1007/s10741-016-9550-y ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 447-453

Author(s):

Wei-Ping Sun ◽

Chun-Lei Li ◽

Jin-Cheng Guo ◽

Li-Xin Zhang ◽

Ran Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Primary Prevention ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization ◽

Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Mild Heart Failure

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P1462Incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in cardiac resynchronization therapy and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euaa162.049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

T Roubicek ◽

J Morava ◽

J Stros ◽

P Kucera ◽

R Polasek

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Primary Prevention ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization ◽

Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Cardioverter Defibrillator

Abstract Introduction Implantation of a cardiac resynchronization therapy combined with cardioverter-defibrillator (CRT-D) is now common practice. Our study looked at the occurrence of the first adequate CRT-D therapy with respect to gender, treatment indication (primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death) and the etiology of heart failure in long-term follow-up. Methods In the database of CRT-D patients implanted between 2005 and 2013 we analyzed the occurrence of treated episodes of ventricular arrhythmia (first shock or anti-tachycardic pacing). Results 250 patients (22.8% females) with left bundle branch block or non-specific interventricular conduction delay were enrolled. 80% of patients were implanted in the primary and 20% in the secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. During the follow-up of 5.5 ± 2.5 years, 46.4% of patients died for cardiac (25.6%) or non-cardiac (20.8%) reasons. CRT-D therapy occurred in 33.2% of patients (20.8% shock). In patients implanted in the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death the incidence of therapies was 25.5% vs. 64.0% in patients implanted in the secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (P˂0.00001). The incidence of therapies between the group of patients with coronary artery disease and other causes of heart failure did not differ (33.3% vs. 32.9%, P = NS). Women were at a significantly lower risk of adequate shock (women 10.5% vs. men 23.8%, P = 0.01). Conclusion Adequate CRT-D therapy occurred in a quarter of patients implanted in the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. In patients implanted in the secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death the incidence of therapies is significantly more frequent. The female gender predicts significantly lower incidence of adequate shock. Abstract Figure. Adequate shock therapy

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Prediction of sudden cardiac death in chronic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction by ADMIRE-HF risk score and early repolarization pattern

Journal of Nuclear Cardiology ◽

10.1007/s12350-019-01639-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 992-1001 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Iyo Ikeda-Yorifuji ◽

Takahisa Yamada ◽

Shunsuke Tamaki ◽

Takashi Morita ◽

Yoshio Furukawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Risk Score ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Early Repolarization ◽

Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽

Heart Failure Patients

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Long-term follow-up in optimally treated and stable heart failure patients: primary care vs. heart failure clinic. Results of the COACH-2 study

European Journal of Heart Failure ◽

10.1002/ejhf.173 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1241-1248 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Marie Louise A. Luttik ◽

Tiny Jaarsma ◽

Peter Paul van Geel ◽

Maaike Brons ◽

Hans L. Hillege ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Primary Care ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Heart Failure Clinic ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Calcium Channel Autoantibodies Predicted Sudden Cardiac Death and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Ischemic and Nonischemic Chronic Heart Failure

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2014/796075 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Haiyun Yu ◽

Juanhui Pei ◽

Xiaoyan Liu ◽

Jingzhou Chen ◽

Xian Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Patient Prognosis ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether CC-AAbs levels could predict prognosis in CHF patients. A total of 2096 patients with CHF (841 DCM patients and 1255 ICM patients) and 834 control subjects were recruited. CC-AAbs were detected and the relationship between CC-AAbs and patient prognosis was analyzed. During a median follow-up time of 52 months, there were 578 deaths. Of these, sudden cardiac death (SCD) occurred in 102 cases of DCM and 121 cases of ICM. The presence of CC-AAbs in patients was significantly higher than that of controls (bothP<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that positive CC-AAbs could predict SCD (HR 3.191, 95% CI 1.598–6.369 for DCM; HR 2.805, 95% CI 1.488–5.288 for ICM) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.733, 95% CI 1.042–2.883 for DCM; HR 2.219, 95% CI 1.461–3.371 for ICM) in CHF patients. A significant association between CC-AAbs and non-SCD (NSCD) was found in ICM patients (HR = 1.887, 95% CI 1.081–3.293). Our results demonstrated that the presence of CC-AAbs was higher in CHF patients versus controls and corresponds to a higher incidence of all-cause death and SCD. Positive CC-AAbs may serve as an independent predictor for SCD and all-cause death in these patients.

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