scholarly journals Linear regression approach for predicting fluoride concentrations in maternal serum, urine and cord blood of pregnant women consuming fluoride containing drinking water

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 100685
Author(s):  
H.M. Thippeswamy ◽  
M. Nanditha Kumar ◽  
M. Girish ◽  
S.N. Prashanth ◽  
Raghavendra Shanbhog
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Regression Approach

scholarly journals Oral exposure to lead for Japanese children and pregnant women, estimated using duplicate food portions and house dust analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Ohtsu ◽  
Nathan Mise ◽  
Akihiko Ikegami ◽  
Atsuko Mizuno ◽  
Yayoi Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
House Dust ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Exposure Levels

Abstract Background Lead is a toxic metal abundant in the environment. Consumption of food contaminated at low levels of lead, especially by small children and pregnant women, raises a health concern. Methods Duplicated food portions and drinking water were collected over 3 days from 88 children and 87 pregnant women in Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. Participants were recruited in this study between January 2014 and October 2015. Dust was also collected from their homes. Lead concentrations were measured and consequent oral lead exposure levels were estimated for this population at high risk to environmental toxicants. Lead concentrations of peripheral and cord blood, taken from children and pregnant women, and were also analyzed. Results Lead concentrations in food, drinking water, and house dust were low in general. Oral lead exposure to lead was higher for children (Mean ± SEM; 5.21 ± 0.30 μg/kg BW/week) than in pregnant women (1.47 ± 0.13 μg/kg BW/week). Food and house dust were main sources of lead contamination, but the contribution of house dust widely varied. Means ± SEM of peripheral and cord blood lead concentrations were 0.69 ± 0.04 μg/dL and 0.54 ± 0.05 μg/dL, respectively for pregnant women and 1.30 ± 0.07 μg/dL (peripheral only) in children. We detect no correlation between smoking situations and blood lead concentration in pregnant women. Conclusion We conclude that oral lead exposure levels for Japanese children and pregnant women were generally low, with higher concentrations and exposure for children than for pregnant women. More efforts are necessary to clarify the sources of lead contamination and reduce lead exposure of the population at high risk even in Japan.

scholarly journals Maternal Serum and Cord Blood Leptin Concentrations at Delivery in Normal Pregnancies and in Pregnancies Complicated by Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Stefaniak ◽  
Ewa Dmoch-Gajzlerska
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maternal Bmi

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Leptin is a polypeptide hormone, and in pregnancy, it is secreted by the placenta and maternal and fetal adipose tissues. Normal leptin production is a factor responsible for uncomplicated gestation, embryo development, and fetal growth. The study compared maternal serum and cord blood leptin concentrations at delivery in normal pregnancies and in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study was performed in 25 pregnant women with isolated IUGR and in 194 pregnant women without any complications. Leptin concentrations in maternal serum and in cord blood samples collected at delivery were measured by ELISA and subsequently analyzed by maternal body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, and infant gender and birth weight. For comparative analyses of normally distributed variables, parametric tests were used, that is, the Student <i>t</i> test and a one-way ANOVA. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used when the distribution was not normal. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to assess the correlation between normally distributed variables (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In pregnancies complicated by IUGR, the mean maternal serum leptin concentration at delivery was significantly higher (52.73 ± 30.49 ng/mL) than in normal pregnancies (37.17 ± 28.07 ng/mL) (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The mean cord blood leptin concentration in pregnancies complicated by IUGR was 7.97 ± 4.46 ng/mL and significantly lower than in normal pregnancies (14.78 ± 15.97 ng/mL) (<i>p</i> = 0.04). In normal pregnancies, but not in pregnancies complicated by IUGR, a statistically significant correlation was established between maternal serum leptin concentrations and maternal BMI at delivery (<i>r</i> = 0.22; <i>p</i> = 0.00). No statistically significant correlation was found between cord blood leptin concentrations and maternal BMI in either study subjects or controls. In normal pregnancies, but not in pregnancies complicated by IUGR, a strong correlation was observed between cord blood leptin concentrations and birth weight (<i>r</i> = 0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.00). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Elevated maternal blood leptin concentrations in pregnancies complicated by IUGR may indicate a significant adverse effect of elevated leptin on fetal growth. The differences in leptin concentrations, measured in maternal serum and in cord blood, between the study subjects and controls suggest that deregulated leptin levels may increase the risk of obstetric complications associated with placental insufficiency.

Serum leptin and ghrelin concentrations of maternal serum, arterial and venous cord blood in healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aydin ◽  
S. P. Guzel ◽  
S. Kumru ◽  
Suna Aydin ◽  
O. Akin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Serum Leptin

Human foetal prolactin but not thyrotropin secretion is decreased by bromocriptine

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elio Roti ◽  
Giuseppe Robuschi ◽  
Alessandro Alboni ◽  
Lorenzo d'Amato ◽  
Mara Montermini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
Human Foetus ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Small Inhibition ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. In the adult, dopamine inhibits prolactin (Prl) secretion and less so thyrotropin (TSH) release. Little information is available concerning the role of dopaminergic stimuli in the regulation of TSH and Prl secretion in the term human foetus. The dopamine agonist, bromocriptine (5 mg), or placebo were randomly administered orally to 120 pregnant women during labour. Maternal and foetal cord blood was obtained at parturition and analyzed for Prl, TSH, T4, T3 and rT3 concentrations. Since the time of parturition is unpredictable, maternal and cord blood hormone values were grouped at intervals of time from the time of bromocriptine or placebo administration to delivery. Hormone values were compared between the bromocriptine and placebo groups by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Bromocriptine markedly inhibited maternal serum Prl conentrations compared to values in the placebo treated women (P < 0.001) and this decrease was more marked as the time interval between bromocriptine administration and delivery increased (P < 0.001, regression analysis). Cord blood Prl was also significantly lower in newborns whose mothers received bromocriptine (P < 0.001). Bromocriptine significantly inhibited maternal serum TSH concentrations as compared to values in women treated with placebo (P < 0.006). In contrast, bromocriptine administration did not affect cord blood TSH concentrations. These findings suggest that bromocriptine crosses the term human placenta and suppresses foetal Prl secretion. In contrast to the small inhibition of TSH secretion in pregnant women, bromocriptine does not affect foetal TSH secretion suggesting that regulation of TSH secretion in the term foetus may not be under dopaminergic control.

Treatment of maternal hyperthyroidism with antithyroid agents and changes in thyrotrophin and thyroxine in the newborn

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
E. Ikonen ◽  
K. Teramo ◽  
G. Wägar ◽  
K. Österlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Antithyroid Agents ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. Eleven pregnant women with concomitant hyperthyroidism were treated with antithyroid drugs. At monthly intervals serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured with radioimmunoassay, the Sephadex uptake of radioactive triiodothyronine (T3U) determined and the free T4 and T3 indices calculated (FT4I, FT3I). TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII) were determined by the radiomembrane assay. Serum TSH and T4 were measured at delivery from cord blood and/or from the newborn infants some days after birth. Serum TSH was significantly elevated in one infant. There was an inadequate post-partal rise in serum T4 concentration in this child and in another who showed only a marginal elevation of TSH. The mothers of these infants were given carbimazole in doses of 30 and 25 mg/day, respectively, at the time of delivery. No significant changes were seen in other infants, the daily doses being 20 mg of carbimazole or less. There was no clinical indication of hypo- or hyperthyroidism in any of the newborn. The TBII were positive in most patients and there was a trend of normalization during treatment. No relationship between the dose of antithyroid drug and the level of TBII could be seen. During treatment the dose was adjusted according to the FT3I values. This seems to be an adequate laboratory test for this purpose.

An Epidemic Avian Influenza Prediction Model Based on Google Trends

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Lu ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Jianying Wang ◽  
Guangya Zhou ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
New Model ◽  
Regression Approach

The occurrence of epidemic avian influenza (EAI) not only hinders the development of a country&#039;s agricultural economy, but also seriously affects human beings’ life. Recently, the information collected from Google Trends has been increasingly used to predict various epidemics. In this study, using the relevant keywords in Google Trends as well as the multiple linear regression approach, a model was developed to predict the occurrence of epidemic avian influenza. It was demonstrated by rigorous cross-validations that the success rates achieved by the new model were quite high, indicating the predictor will become a very useful tool for hospitals and health providers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document