Human foetal prolactin but not thyrotropin secretion is decreased by bromocriptine

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elio Roti ◽  
Giuseppe Robuschi ◽  
Alessandro Alboni ◽  
Lorenzo d'Amato ◽  
Mara Montermini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
Human Foetus ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Small Inhibition ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. In the adult, dopamine inhibits prolactin (Prl) secretion and less so thyrotropin (TSH) release. Little information is available concerning the role of dopaminergic stimuli in the regulation of TSH and Prl secretion in the term human foetus. The dopamine agonist, bromocriptine (5 mg), or placebo were randomly administered orally to 120 pregnant women during labour. Maternal and foetal cord blood was obtained at parturition and analyzed for Prl, TSH, T4, T3 and rT3 concentrations. Since the time of parturition is unpredictable, maternal and cord blood hormone values were grouped at intervals of time from the time of bromocriptine or placebo administration to delivery. Hormone values were compared between the bromocriptine and placebo groups by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Bromocriptine markedly inhibited maternal serum Prl conentrations compared to values in the placebo treated women (P < 0.001) and this decrease was more marked as the time interval between bromocriptine administration and delivery increased (P < 0.001, regression analysis). Cord blood Prl was also significantly lower in newborns whose mothers received bromocriptine (P < 0.001). Bromocriptine significantly inhibited maternal serum TSH concentrations as compared to values in women treated with placebo (P < 0.006). In contrast, bromocriptine administration did not affect cord blood TSH concentrations. These findings suggest that bromocriptine crosses the term human placenta and suppresses foetal Prl secretion. In contrast to the small inhibition of TSH secretion in pregnant women, bromocriptine does not affect foetal TSH secretion suggesting that regulation of TSH secretion in the term foetus may not be under dopaminergic control.

Treatment of maternal hyperthyroidism with antithyroid agents and changes in thyrotrophin and thyroxine in the newborn

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-A. Lamberg ◽  
E. Ikonen ◽  
K. Teramo ◽  
G. Wägar ◽  
K. Österlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Antithyroid Agents ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. Eleven pregnant women with concomitant hyperthyroidism were treated with antithyroid drugs. At monthly intervals serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured with radioimmunoassay, the Sephadex uptake of radioactive triiodothyronine (T3U) determined and the free T4 and T3 indices calculated (FT4I, FT3I). TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulins (TBII) were determined by the radiomembrane assay. Serum TSH and T4 were measured at delivery from cord blood and/or from the newborn infants some days after birth. Serum TSH was significantly elevated in one infant. There was an inadequate post-partal rise in serum T4 concentration in this child and in another who showed only a marginal elevation of TSH. The mothers of these infants were given carbimazole in doses of 30 and 25 mg/day, respectively, at the time of delivery. No significant changes were seen in other infants, the daily doses being 20 mg of carbimazole or less. There was no clinical indication of hypo- or hyperthyroidism in any of the newborn. The TBII were positive in most patients and there was a trend of normalization during treatment. No relationship between the dose of antithyroid drug and the level of TBII could be seen. During treatment the dose was adjusted according to the FT3I values. This seems to be an adequate laboratory test for this purpose.

Inhibition of foetal growth hormone (GH) and thyrotrophin (TSH) secretion after maternal administration of somatostatin

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elio Roti ◽  
Giuseppe Robuschi ◽  
Alessandro Alboni ◽  
Rossella Emanuele ◽  
Lorenzo d' Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Foetal Growth ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Maternal Administration ◽  
Serum Gh

Abstract. Somatostatin (SRIF) was infused (500 μg over 30 min) into 68 pregnant women during labour. As a control, saline was infused into 26 pregnant women. Maternal blood was obtained prior to the infusion and at delivery and cord blood was obtained at delivery. The subjects were divided into 4 groups based upon the interval of time from the termination of SRIF infusion and delivery. There was a marked decrease in cord blood thyrotrophin (TSH) from 0 to 180 min and in cord blood growth hormone (GH) from 0 to 120 min following SRIF infusion. SRIF infusion did not affect cord blood iodothyronine and thyroglobulin concentrations. SRIF administration induced a small but significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum GH concentration but had no other effect on maternal hormone values. These studies strongly suggest that SRIF crosses the human placenta and transiently suppresses foetal anterior pituitary TSH and GH secretion.

Unaltered pulsatile and circadian TSH release in euthyroid patients with endemic goitre

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Weber ◽  
Ulrich Krause ◽  
Gabi Gaffga ◽  
Georg Brabant ◽  
Friedrich Manz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. To evaluate the pathophysiological role of TSH in goitrogenesis we investigated pulsatile TSH secretion in 11 patients with a non-toxic goitre and in 11 healthy controls. Thyroid volume was 40 ± 10 ml in the goitre group and 15 ± 4 ml in the controls as measured by ultrasound. Blood was sampled continously via an indwelling venous catheter at 10-min intervals over 24 h. Neither the mean 24-h serum TSH levels (goitre 1.1 ± 0.5 vs controls 0.9 ± 0.4 mU/l) nor the nocturnal surge of TSH were significantly different between the two groups. The average of the TSH pulse frequency (goitre 10.8 ± 3.7 vs controls 9.6 ± 3.5 pulses/24-h) and of the TSH pulse amplitude (goitre 0.4 ± 0.2 vs controls 0.3 ± 0.1 mU TSH/l as analysed by DESADE programme (detection of secretory activity by discrete deconvolution) did not differ in the two groups. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the volume of the thyroid gland and the dynamics of the TSH secretion. We conclude that our data do not suggest a relevant pathophysiological role of TSH secretion in the development of non-toxic goitre in man.

Effects of sodium ipodate and propylthiouracil in athyreotic human subjects, role of triiodothyronine and pituitary thyroxine monodeiodination in thyrotrophin regulation

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schaison ◽  
P. Thomopoulos ◽  
D. Leguillouzic ◽  
G. Thomas ◽  
M. Moatti
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Sodium Ipodate ◽  
Tsh Secretion ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. To investigate the respective role of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in the regulation of TSH secretion, we studied the action of sodium ipodate and propylthiouracil (PTU) in 11 athyreotic patients. The lT4 replacement dose was adjusted to obtain, in each patient, a normal basal TSH level and a normal TSH response to TRH. In the 5 ipodate-treated patients (single 6 g oral dose), the mean serum T3 level fell by 64% below the baseline value and serum rT3 rose 180% above the baseline. The free T4 index (FT4I) did not change whereas the mean serum TSH concentration increased 280% above baseline values. In the 6 PTU-treated patients (250 mg orally every 6 h for 10 days), serum T3 levels fell 33%, serum rT3 increased up to 82% and the FT4I did not change. The mean serum TSH concentration increased 68% above the baseline value. Thus, the mean percentage increase in serum TSH was less in PTU- than in ipodate-treated patients (68% vs 280%). Statistical analysis of the correlation between the serum T3 decrease (ΔT3) and the serum TSH (ΔTSH) increase demonstrated that for the same T3 diminution, the ipodate-treated group displayed higher increase of TSH than the PTU-treated patients. In the rat, PTU interferes with the 5'-deiodination of T4 in the liver and kidney but not in the pituitary, while ipodate appears to have the same effect in all tissues. If this holds true for human subjects, our data strongly suggest that circulating T4 (through its intrapituitary conversion to T3) shares with serum T3 the capacity to regulate TSH secretion in man.

Investigation of the relation of maternal serum endocan levels to preeclampsia presence and severity

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Gülşen ◽  
Yasemin Çekmez ◽  
İpek Ulu ◽  
Şebnem Garip ◽  
Fatma Tutku Aksoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Preeclampsia

AbstractBackground:Endocan was shown to be a possible predictor of vascular endothelium related diseases. Due to this fact we aimed to investigate the role of maternal serum endocan levels in preeclampsia presence and severity.Methods:A total of 70 patients, including 25 normal pregnant women and 45 patients with preeclampsia (consists of 25 mild and 20 severe preeclamptic women), were included in this study. Maternal serum endocan concentrations were measured and compared among groups and subgroups.Results:Levels of endocan were detected statistically higher in the preeclamptic group than the control group. Endocan levels were lower in the severe preclampsia group than the mild preeclampsia group but this was not detected statistically significant.Conclusions:Maternal serum endocan levels can be used as a biomarker for preeclampsia presence.

Thyrotropin releasing hormone does not stimulate prolactin release in the preterm human fetus

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elio Roti ◽  
Eliana Gardini ◽  
Roberta Minelli ◽  
Lina Bianconi ◽  
Alessandro Alboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Cord Blood Serum ◽  
Trh Stimulation ◽  
Saline Administration ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. Previous studies have suggested that fetal PRL secretion does not respond to stimuli such as TRH, metoclopramide, and cimetidine. It was postulated that the lack of response to TRH could be due to the possibility that, in the term fetus, lactotropes secrete PRL maximally and would be unresponsive to further stimulation. In order to study this hypothesis, 200 μg TRH or saline were administered to preterm pregnant women in labor. Maternal blood was obtained before TRH and saline administration. Maternal and cord blood were obtained at parturition. PRL, TSH, T4 and T3 concentrations were measured in all sera. TRH administration induced a significant increase in maternal serum PRL, TSH and T3 concentrations. In the cord blood of newborns whose mothers received TRH, serum TSH, T4 and T3 concentrations were significantly higher than in cord blood of newborns whose mothers received saline. Cord blood serum PRL concentrations were unchanged after TRH administration. This latter finding suggests that fetal lactotropes do not respond to TRH in the preterm fetus. Desensitization of fetal PRL secreting cells to TRH stimulation and/or the inhibitory effect of elevated fetal circulating corticosteroids on TRH-induced PRL secretion may explain the absent PRL response to TRH during fetal life.

scholarly journals Maternal Serum and Cord Blood Leptin Concentrations at Delivery in Normal Pregnancies and in Pregnancies Complicated by Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Stefaniak ◽  
Ewa Dmoch-Gajzlerska
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maternal Bmi

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Leptin is a polypeptide hormone, and in pregnancy, it is secreted by the placenta and maternal and fetal adipose tissues. Normal leptin production is a factor responsible for uncomplicated gestation, embryo development, and fetal growth. The study compared maternal serum and cord blood leptin concentrations at delivery in normal pregnancies and in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study was performed in 25 pregnant women with isolated IUGR and in 194 pregnant women without any complications. Leptin concentrations in maternal serum and in cord blood samples collected at delivery were measured by ELISA and subsequently analyzed by maternal body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, and infant gender and birth weight. For comparative analyses of normally distributed variables, parametric tests were used, that is, the Student <i>t</i> test and a one-way ANOVA. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used when the distribution was not normal. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to assess the correlation between normally distributed variables (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In pregnancies complicated by IUGR, the mean maternal serum leptin concentration at delivery was significantly higher (52.73 ± 30.49 ng/mL) than in normal pregnancies (37.17 ± 28.07 ng/mL) (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The mean cord blood leptin concentration in pregnancies complicated by IUGR was 7.97 ± 4.46 ng/mL and significantly lower than in normal pregnancies (14.78 ± 15.97 ng/mL) (<i>p</i> = 0.04). In normal pregnancies, but not in pregnancies complicated by IUGR, a statistically significant correlation was established between maternal serum leptin concentrations and maternal BMI at delivery (<i>r</i> = 0.22; <i>p</i> = 0.00). No statistically significant correlation was found between cord blood leptin concentrations and maternal BMI in either study subjects or controls. In normal pregnancies, but not in pregnancies complicated by IUGR, a strong correlation was observed between cord blood leptin concentrations and birth weight (<i>r</i> = 0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.00). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Elevated maternal blood leptin concentrations in pregnancies complicated by IUGR may indicate a significant adverse effect of elevated leptin on fetal growth. The differences in leptin concentrations, measured in maternal serum and in cord blood, between the study subjects and controls suggest that deregulated leptin levels may increase the risk of obstetric complications associated with placental insufficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document