Thermal-plasma-assisted renewable hydrogen and solid carbon production from ionic liquid-based biogas upgrading: A process intensification study

Selective water (by-product) separation from reaction mixtures stands as an important process intensification strategy for equilibrium-limited reactions. In this work, the possibility of using a high-pressure biphasic reaction media composed of a hydrophobic ionic liquid, 1-hexy-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate, and carbon dioxide was explored for levulinic acid production from 1,4-butanediol. Vapour-liquid equilibrium measurements were performed for the binary (diol+CO2), ternary (diol+CO2+IL), and quaternary systems (diol+CO2+IL+water), at 313.2 K and pressures up to 18 MPa. The static analytical method was used in a high-pressure phase equilibrium apparatus equipped with a visual sapphire cell. The capability of the quaternary system to perform physical water separation is discussed in this paper.

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Simulation study of biomethane liquefaction followed by biogas upgrading using an imidazolium-based cationic ionic liquid

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.252 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 231 ◽

pp. 953-962 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Junaid Haider ◽

Muhammad Abdul Qyyum ◽

Bilal Kazmi ◽

Muhammad Zahoor ◽

Moonyong Lee

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Simulation Study ◽

Biogas Upgrading

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Performance evaluation of biogas upgrading systems from swine farm to biomethane production for renewable hydrogen source

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.07.072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (41) ◽

pp. 23135-23148 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chidporn Worawimut ◽

Supawat Vivanpatarakij ◽

Anucha Watanapa ◽

Wisitsree Wiyaratn ◽

Suttichai Assabumrungrat

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Swine Farm ◽

Biogas Upgrading ◽

Biomethane Production ◽

Renewable Hydrogen

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Synthesis of carbon nano-spheres by thermal plasma treatment of polypropylene

10.31219/osf.io/7nk2c ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sina Mohsenian

Keyword(s):

Plasma Treatment ◽

Waste Disposal ◽

Thermal Plasma ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Plasma Torch ◽

Solid Carbon ◽

Sem Image ◽

Carbon Particles ◽

Fine Carbon ◽

Carbon Peak

In this work, it has been experimentally found the feasibility of producing carbon nano-spheres (CNS) from common plastic waste material (polypropylene), using thermal plasma treatment. Samples were treated in a furnace fitted with a twin dc thermal plasma torch. The EDS pattern for the samples synthesized at 80 A illustrates that there are some kinds of impurities in solid products. However, in the pattern obtained at 100 A, there was just one major carbon peak. The SEM image for 100 A treatment reveals that the solid carbon particles are very fine carbon nano-spheres with about 50 nm diameter. This method for synthesis of carbon nano-spheres may find a way to be considered in industrial waste disposal installation which may enhance the economic efficiency of plasma waste disposal industry, significantly.

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Process Intensification of 2,2′-(4-Nitrophenyl) Dipyrromethane Synthesis with a SO3H-Functionalized Ionic Liquid Catalyst in Pickering-Emulsion-Based Packed-Bed Microreactors

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12070796 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 796

Author(s):

Hong Zhang ◽

Minjing Shang ◽

Yuchao Zhao ◽

Yuanhai Su

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Catalytic System ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Process Intensification ◽

Interfacial Area ◽

Packed Bed ◽

Pickering Emulsion ◽

Synthetic Process ◽

Functionalized Ionic Liquid ◽

Surface Modified

A stable water-in-oil Pickering emulsion was fabricated with SO3H-functionalized ionic liquid and surface-modified silica nanoparticles and used for 2,2′-(4-nitrophenyl) dipyrromethane synthesis in a packed-bed microreactor, exhibiting high reaction activity and product selectivity. The compartmentalized water droplets of the Pickering emulsion had an excellent ability to confine the ionic liquid against loss under continuous-flow conditions, and the excellent durability of the catalytic system without a significant decrease in the reaction efficiency and selectivity was achieved. Compared with the reaction performance of a liquid–liquid slug-flow microreactor and batch reactor, the Pickering-emulsion-based catalytic system showed a higher specific interfacial area between the catalytic and reactant phases, benefiting the synthesis of 2,2′-(4-nitrophenyl) dipyrromethane and resulting in a higher yield (90%). This work indicated that an increase in the contact of reactants with catalytic aqueous solution in a Pickering-emulsion-based packed-bed microreactor can greatly enhance the synthetic process of dipyrromethane, giving an excellent yield of products and a short reaction time. It was revealed that Pickering-emulsion-based packed-bed microreactors with the use of ionic liquids as catalysts for interfacial catalysis have great application potential in the process of intensification of organic synthesis.

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Selective Production of Hydrogen and Solid Carbon via Methane Pyrolysis Using a Swirl-Induced Point–Plane Non-thermal Plasma Reactor

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c03383 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

R. Bharathi Raja ◽

Ramanujam Sarathi ◽

Ravikrishnan Vinu

Keyword(s):

Thermal Plasma ◽

Plasma Reactor ◽

Solid Carbon ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Non Thermal Plasma ◽

Methane Pyrolysis

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Facilitated Transport of Propylene Through Composite Polymer-Ionic Liquid Membranes. Mass Transfer Analysis

Chemical Product and Process Modeling ◽

10.1515/cppm-2015-0072 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 77-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Raúl Zarca ◽

Alfredo Ortiz ◽

Daniel Gorri ◽

Inmaculada Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Process Intensification ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Facilitated Transport ◽

Model Description ◽

Design And Optimization ◽

Metallic Cation ◽

Cryogenic Distillation ◽

Silver Cations

Abstract Separation of light gaseous olefins from paraffin’s of the refinery process off-gasses has been traditionally performed by cryogenic distillation, which is a highly capital and energy intensive operation. This handicap creates an incentive for the investigation of alternative olefin/paraffin separation technologies. In this regard, membrane technology supposes a potential solution for process intensification. Previous works of our research group reported the use of facilitated transport composite membranes integrating the use of PVDF-HFP polymer, BMImBF4 ionic liquid and AgBF4 silver salt. In this type of membranes, the silver cations react selectively and reversibly with the olefin, allowing the separation via mobile and fixed carrier mechanisms. Ionic liquids were selected as membrane additives because in addition to their negligible vapor pressure that avoids solvent losses by evaporation, they provide stability to the metallic cation dissolved inside, and modify the structure improving the facilitated transport. This technology offers a commercial attractive separation alternative thanks to their modular form of operation, high values of selectivity and permeability and low operational costs. In the present work, propane/propylene permeation experiments involving the use ionic liquids and different membrane compositions were performed. Moreover, basing on the transport and equilibrium parameters previously obtained, a mathematical model description of the system will be proposed fitting the remaining parameters and allowing the design and optimization of the propane/propylene separation process at industrial levels.

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Simulation study of deep eutectic solvent-based biogas upgrading process integrated with single mixed refrigerant biomethane liquefaction

Biofuel Research Journal ◽

10.18331/brj2020.7.4.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 1245-1255

Author(s):

Junaid Haider ◽

Muhammad Abdul Qyyum ◽

Bilal Kazmi ◽

Imran Ali ◽

Abdul-Sattar Nizami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Ionic Liquid ◽

Simulation Study ◽

Value Chain ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Integrated Process ◽

Biogas Upgrading ◽

Liquefaction Process

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) comprise ChCl/urea, in combination with water, have been considered in removing acid gases (CO2 and H2S) from biogas. The evaluation of DES for biogas upgrading at relatively high pressure (i.e., >8.0 bar) has not been reported before. The aqueous DES performance has also not been analyzed compared to conventional amines-based solvent (MEA) and ionic liquid (IL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that presents the integration of DES-based biogas upgrading with a mixed refrigerant liquefaction process to facilitate the safe and economical transportation of biomethane over long distances. The biogas considered in this study consisted of 60% CH4, 39% CO2, and 1% H2S. The aqueous ChCl/urea (70 wt%) results in biomethane with ≥99.0 wt% purity and ≥97.0 wt% recovery. Then, this biomethane was liquefied with ≥90% liquefaction rate. Based on the results obtained herein, overall capital, operating, and total annualized cost savings of 2.8%, 25.82%, and 14.26% were achieved using the 70% DES-based integrated process in comparison with the MEA-based integrated process. Whereas 1.41%, 16.85%, and 8.71% capital, operating, and total annualized costs could be saved in comparison with the IL (i.e., [Bmim][PF6])-based integrated process. It could be deduced that the overall cost of the biomethane value chain can be reduced using the proposed approach.

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