Effectiveness of support services for children and young people with challenging behaviours related to or secondary to disability, who are in out-of-home care: A systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Ziviani ◽  
Rachel Feeney ◽  
Monica Cuskelly ◽  
Pamela Meredith ◽  
Kathryn Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

scholarly journals Interventions and practice models for improving health and psychosocial outcomes of children and young people in out-of-home care: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e031362
Author(s):  
Emma Galvin ◽  
Renée O'donnell ◽  
Helen Skouteris ◽  
Nick Halfpenny ◽  
Aya Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Practice Models ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Improve Health

IntroductionChildren and young people placed in out-of-home care (OoHC) are often affected by a history of trauma and adverse childhood experiences. Trauma in early childhood can impact on children’s health and psychosocial development, whereas early interventions can improve children’s development and placement stability. Although several interventions and practice models have been developed to improve health and psychosocial outcomes for children and young people in OoHC, there remains a lack of rigorous research examining the impact of these interventions in OoHC settings, as there are no systematic reviews examining the impact these interventions and practice models have on the children and young people they serve. We aim to conduct a comprehensive systematic review to examine the effectiveness of interventions and practice models for improving health and psychosocial outcomes in children and young people living in OoHC and to identify relevant knowledge gaps.Methods and analysisMajor electronic databases including Medline, Medline in-process and other non-indexed citations, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts and all Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews incorporating: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, American College of PhysiciansJournal Club, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CochraneMethodology Register, Health Technology Assessment and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, will be systematically searched for any studies published between 2008 and 2018 of interventions and practice models developed to improve health and psychosocial outcomes for children and young people in OoHC. Two independent reviewers will assess titles and abstracts for eligibility according to prespecified selection criteria and will perform data extraction and quality appraisal. Meta-analyses and/or metaregression will be conducted where appropriate.Ethics and disseminationThis study will not collect primary data and formal ethical approval is therefore not required. Findings from this systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019115082.

scholarly journals Proactive responses to aggressive behaviours in out-of-home care

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Stephen Larmar ◽  
Julie Clark
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The Third ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Aggressive Behaviours ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

Children and young people placed in out-of-home care often present with a range of complex and challenging behaviours that place significant stress on carers and other individuals involved in the placement process. The need for practical support, including the facilitation of knowledge sharing opportunities to better support carers and other health care professionals in assisting children and young people in out-of-home care, is of particular importance within the Australian context. This paper is the third in a series of four papers exploring a range of challenging behaviours that may be evidenced in children and young people placed in out-of-home care. The paper focuses on aggressive behaviours in children and adolescents and outlines a working framework to assist carers in responding appropriately to aggressive responses within the out-of-home care context.

scholarly journals Proactive responses to oppositional behaviours in out-of-home care

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Larmar ◽  
Julie Clark
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Individual Child ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Aggressive Behaviours ◽  
Individual Needs ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

Children and young people placed in out-of-home care are often extremely vulnerable and can require intensive support. Their carers are often faced with significant challenges in effectively responding to their individual needs. This paper is the first in a series of four aimed at supporting carers to make effective responses to challenging behaviours displayed by children and young people in out-of-home care. This paper considers factors that influence an individual child or young person's behaviour as a means of encouraging proactive responses by carers that will address individual need. The series of papers is informed by Edelbrock's (1985) work identifying four clusters of challenging behaviours, with each paper examining one of these clusters. This first paper has a focus on oppositional behaviours. Ensuing papers will examine offensive behaviours, aggressive behaviours and delinquent behaviours respectively.

scholarly journals Proactive responses to delinquent behaviours in out-of-home care

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Stephen Larmar ◽  
Julie Clark
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

The transition from childhood to young adulthood is often associated with a range of challenges that can be overwhelming for a young person. For young people in out-of-home care, complex histories that may include traumatic personal experiences can make this transition even more problematic, both for the young person and their carers. This is the final paper in a series of four which has focussed on a range of challenging behaviours in children and young people in out-of-home care. This paper examines delinquency and its associated effects on young people and carers and outlines specific considerations for carers and other health professionals in responding appropriately to delinquent behaviours in young people.

scholarly journals Proactive responses to offensive behaviours in out-of-home care

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Larmar ◽  
Julie Clark
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
The Family ◽  
Challenging Behaviours

Children and young people in out-of-home care experience significant challenges in the adjustment process. All family members are affected by the transition of a child or young person into the family and so carers require a unique set of skills and strategies to respond appropriately. This paper is the second in a series of four papers examining responses to a range of challenging behaviours seen in children and young people placed in out-of-home care contexts. The first paper explored strategies that carers could employ to deal with oppositional behaviours identified in the child or young person. This paper considers offensive behaviours that may be evidenced in children and young people, and practical approaches which carers can utilise to respond proactively to such behaviours.

The Experiences of Indigenous Young People Transitioning from Out-of-Home Care in Victoria, Australia

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Mendes ◽  
Bernadette Saunders ◽  
Susan Baidawi
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Care Leavers ◽  
The Impact

This chapter reports on exploratory research in Victoria, Australia, involving focus groups and interviews with service providers and Indigenous care leavers to examine the impact of existing support services. Indigenous children and young people are highly overrepresented in the Australian out-of-home care system. To date, neither specific research focusing on this group’s experiences as they transition from care nor an assessment of the Indigenous-specific and non-Indigenous supports and services available to them have been undertaken. Findings suggest that Aboriginal Community Controlled Organizations (ACCOs) play a positive role in working with non-Indigenous agencies to assist Indigenous care leavers. Participants identified a few key strategies to improve outcomes, such as facilitating stronger relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous services and improving ACCO resourcing.

Children and Young People in Out-of-Home Care: Treating and preventing individual, programmatic and systems abuse.

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Vulnerable Children ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Child Protection Services ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
The Family

It is well recognised that the maltreatment of children results from a range of factors; some residing within the person, their family history and background, and others, clearly attributable to social stress and difficulties originating external to the family. In the last few decades, child welfare efforts have centred on the improvement of Child Protection Services and raising the prevention of child abuse as a community concern. More recently, attention has been focussed on strengthening the capacity of families to nurture and protect their own as the best means of meeting the developmental needs of children. However, our best efforts to assist families may still necessitate removal to protect the child.Research has identified that children removed for their own protection may be at even greater risk in out-of-home care. (Ryan 1987, Dawson 1984) Whether the incidence of abuse of children in out-of-home care is currently equivalent or higher than for the general population, is at this point a secondary concern. Out-of-home care is an essential and complex service. It is imperative to acknowledge that abuse can occur within the very system entrusted with the responsibility of protecting and caring for vulnerable children and young people.

scholarly journals CONTINUING THE CONVERSATION: THE CHOICE BETWEEN ADOPTION AND FOSTER CARE AS CHILD PROTECTION RESPONSES

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Bonfili
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Young People ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Choice Of Care

This article seeks to expand the conversation started in the primary article by Stephen Gay in this volume entitled ‘The Choice Between Adoption and Foster Care as Child Protection Responses’. It discusses the need for stability and permanence of care arrangements for children and young people living in out-of-home care in Part II before moving on in Part III to consider the option of widening the choice of care arrangements to better meet their needs. The importance of listening to the voices of children and young people and giving them a say in where they live and how they are cared for is also explored in Part IV.

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