Effects of oral nutritional supplement with HMB on nutritional status and functional outcomes in community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 679-680
Author(s):  
S.L. Tey ◽  
D.T.T. Huynh ◽  
J. Oliver ◽  
G. Baggs ◽  
Y. Choe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Malnutrition and obesity in community-dwelling older adults: concomitant conditions? (PEN-3S study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Madeira ◽  
Catarina Peixoto-Plácido ◽  
Nuno Sousa-Santos ◽  
Nuno Mendonça ◽  
Osvaldo Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
World Health ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractBoth malnutrition (which here refers to undernutrition) and obesity are prevalent in older adults, but they are frequently seen as mutually exclusive. In fact, a low body mass index (BMI) is one of the aetiological diagnostic criteria for malnutrition. On the contrary, the concomitant presence of malnutrition and obesity has been less studied. The aim of this study was to characterise the nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years old) living in Portugal. The study included a nationally representative sample of randomly selected community-dwelling older adults. Trained nutritionists collected data through face-to-face structured interviews regarding sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional status and anthropometric measures (namely, weight and height), among other variables of the PEN-3S study. Nutritional status was assessed by the 18-item Mini Nutritional Assessment (full MNA®), in which a lower score indicates worse nutritional status. The World Health Organisation's (WHO) BMI cut-offs for adults were followed (obesity: BMI ≥ 30Kg/m2). MNA and BMI categories estimates (95% CI) were obtained using Complex Samples analysis (SPSS® 24.0). Non-difference between sexes was analysed with Chi-square tests. Complete information was available for 1110 community-dwelling participants (mean age: 75.9 ± 8.1 years; 48.9% women; 71.4% attended school for < 5 years). According to the MNA, 0.5% (95%CI: 0.2–1.7) were classified as malnourished and 16.0% (12.9–19.7) were at risk of malnutrition. Following WHO's BMI criteria, 0.6% (0.2–1.5) had a BMI ≤ 18.5Kg/m2, 41.9% (37.9–46.0) had a BMI between 25–30Kg/m2, and 36.7% (32.8–40.9) presented a BMI ≥ 30Kg/m2. The prevalence of risk of malnutrition was significantly higher for women (20.1%, 95%CI: 15.4–25.9) than men (10.4%, 7.6–14.1; p < 0.001). The prevalence of obesity was also significantly higher for women (42.2%, 35.9–48.7 versus 29.3%, 24.8–34.2; p = 0.007). Moreover, 13.9% (9.2–20.4) were simultaneously at risk of malnutrition and had a BMI ≥ 30Kg/m2, while no one in this BMI category was classified as malnourished. Although appropriate BMI cut-offs for older adults are still uncertain, these results highlight that a high BMI does not exclude the risk of malnutrition, particularly in women. Therefore, health professionals should routinely screen for malnutrition using multi-component, validated screening tools, irrespective of the BMI. In fact, malnutrition is preventable if detected on time and effective interventions exist. The concomitant presence of malnutrition and obesity may pose additional challenges to the treatment.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF THE MNA-SF FOR COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS AT RISK OF MALNUTRITION

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
I. Nakamura ◽  
T. Yoshida ◽  
H. Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Nutritional Risk Index ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives: The Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) may be insufficient for screening and assessing the nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults. We modified MNA-SF to improve the ability for discriminating those at risk of malnutrition. Setting and participants: 123 community-dwelling elderly Japanese. Methods: Nutritional status was examined by the subjective global assessment (SGA), the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and MNA-SF. The reference standard for the diagnosis of “at risk of malnutrition” was composed from the SGA and GNRI. Specific factors associated with malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults were extracted from a literature survey and classified by a principal component analysis. A new 8-item MNA-home was constructed by adding two items from these components to the MNA-SF and compared with the MNA-SF by applying a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Among the various potential MNA-home scores, the ROC curve revealed that the MNA-SF plus two items, namely an inability to prepare own meals and no motivation to go out, produced the largest area under the curve (AUC), this value being greater than that from the MNA-SF. The score of MNA-home was significantly correlated with serum albumin and hemoglobin, although the score of MNA-SF was not. The cutoff value for predicting at risk of malnutrition was <14 in the MNA-home. Conclusion: The new MNA-home had a better discriminating ability than the MNA-SF to identify those at risk of malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. A subsequent long-term study is necessary to validate this MNA-home for correctly discriminating community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Associations Between Dental Occlusion and Nutritional Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults (P01-017-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena Zelig ◽  
Joachim Sackey ◽  
Nevil Parikh ◽  
Eileen Hoskin ◽  
Steven Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
York Academy ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Objectives This study explored associations between dental occlusion and nutritional status in community dwelling older adults. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized data from electronic health records (EHR) of new patients (>65 years), who presented for care at the Rutgers School of Dental Medicine between June 1, 2015 and June 30, 2018. The self-administered Mini Nutritional Assessment (Self-MNA) score (as a measure of nutritional status), clinical and demographic information were obtained from the EHR. Tooth number and location were recorded based on odontogram and digital radiographs. Spearman's rho, Kruskal-Wallis, and Chi Square tests were used to explore relationships between variables. Results Of the 238 records reviewed, complete data (MNA score, tooth number and location) were available for 140 (58.8%). The mean age of participants was 72.78 years (SD = 5.58); 55% were female. The mean MNA score was 12.15 (SD = 2.14); 24.3% were at risk for malnutrition, and 5% were malnourished. The mean number of teeth (excluding 3rd molars) was 17.01 (SD = 8.72); 21.4% had 0–9 teeth, 30% had 10–19 teeth, and 48.6% had 20–28 teeth. Thirty-five % had no posterior occlusion (POP); 27.1% had no anterior occlusion (AOP). MNA score was weakly but significantly correlated with number of POP (r = 0.21, P = 0.02). Those with 10–19 teeth had significantly lower MNA scores then those with 20 or more teeth (P = 0.003). Being at risk of malnutrition or malnourished was associated with having 10–19 teeth, while normal nutritional status was associated with having 20 or more teeth (P = 0.02). Conclusions In this sample of older adults, those with 10–19 teeth were more likely to be at risk of malnutrition or malnourished. Similarly, as number of POP decreased, MNA score decreased. Research utilizing a larger sample to further explore the relationships between tooth loss and nutritional status is warranted. Funding Sources Sackler Institute for Nutritional Sciences, New York Academy of Science.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Community-Delivered Functional Power Training Program for Frail and Pre-frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults: a Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nien Xiang Tou ◽  
Shiou-Liang Wee ◽  
Wei Ting Seah ◽  
Daniella Hui Min Ng ◽  
Benedict Wei Jun Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractTranslation of community-based functional training for older adults to reduce frailty is still lacking. We evaluated the effectiveness and implementation of a community-delivered group-based functional power training (FPT) program for frail older adults within their neighborhoods. A two-arm, multicenter assessor-blind stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted at four local senior activity centers in Singapore. Sixty-one community-dwelling older adults with low handgrip strength were randomized to intervention (IG) or control (CG) group. The IG underwent the FPT program (power and balance exercises using simple equipment) delivered by a community service provider. The 12-week program comprised 2 × 60 min sessions/week. CG continued usual activities at the centers. Functional performance, muscle strength, and frailty status were assessed at baseline and 3 months. Program implementation was evaluated using RE-AIM framework. The program was halted due to Coronavirus Disease 2019-related suspension of senior center activities. Results are reported from four centers, which completed the program. IG showed significantly greater improvement in the Short Physical Performance Battery test as compared to CG (p = 0.047). No effects were found for timed up and go test performance, muscle strength, and frailty status. The community program exhibited good reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. Our study demonstrated that FPT was associated with greater improvement in physical function in pre-frail/frail participants as compared to exercise activities offered at local senior activity centers. It is a feasible intervention that can be successfully implemented for frail older adults in their neighborhoods. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04438876. Registered 19 June 2020–retrospectively registered.

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