Properties of ice from first-year ridges in the Barents Sea and Fram Strait

2019 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 102890
Author(s):  
Victoria Bonath ◽  
Tommy Edeskär ◽  
Nina Lintzén ◽  
Lennart Fransson ◽  
Andrzej Cwirzen
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
The Barents Sea

A satellite-based Lagrangian perspective on Atlantic Water fractionation in the Nordic Seas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon Chafik ◽  
Sara Broomé
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Nordic Seas ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Outer Branch

<p>The Arctic Ocean has been receiving more of the warm and saline Atlantic Water in the past decades. This water mass enters the Arctic Ocean via two Arctic gateways: the Barents Sea Opening and the Fram Strait. Here, we focus on the fractionation of Atlantic Water at these two gateways using a Lagrangian approach based on satellite-derived geostrophic velocities. Simulated particles are released at 70N at the inner and outer branch of the North Atlantic current system in the Nordic Seas. The trajectories toward the Fram Strait and Barents Sea Opening are found to be largely steered by the bottom topography and there is an indication of an anti-phase relationship in the number of particles reaching the gateways. There is, however, a significant cross-over of particles from the outer branch to the inner branch and into the Barents Sea, which is found to be related to high eddy kinetic energy between the branches. This cross-over may be important for Arctic climate variability.</p>

scholarly journals Synoptic-scale ice-motion case-studies using assimilated motion fields

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter N. Meier ◽  
James A. Maslanik
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Optimal Interpolation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Greenland Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Microwave Imager ◽  
Climate Studies

AbstractObserved and modeled sea-ice motions, combined via an optimal-interpolation assimilation method, are used to study two synoptic events in the Arctic. The first is a convergence event along the north Alaska coast in the Beaufort Sea during November 1992. Assimilation indicates stronger convergence than the stand-alone model, in agreement with Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer-derived ice motions and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager-derived ice concentrations. The second event pertains to ice formation and advection in Fram Strait and the Barents and Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian Seas. Assimilation indicates export of thick, less saline ice out of the central Arctic into the East Greenland Sea. However, the model indicates little flow through Fram Strait, instead showing strong flow of thin, more saline first-year ice from the Barents Sea westward into the Greenland Sea. These results indicate that assimilation is a useful tool for investigating synoptic events in the Arctic and may be useful for both climate studies and operational analyses

scholarly journals Ice Properties in the Greenland and Barents Seas During Summer

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (101) ◽  
pp. 142-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Overgaard ◽  
Peter Wadhams ◽  
Matti Leppäranta
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Brine Volume ◽  
European Arctic ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The analysis of sea-ice cores from three summer field operations to the European Arctic is reported, and the ice properties are related to general conditions of ice distribution, thickness, and ridging in the experimental areas. The operations were in 1978 and 1979 to the Kong Oscars Fjord area of East Greenland (about lat. 72° N.) and in 1980 to the Barents Sea, Fram Strait, and the Arctic Ocean north of Svalbard and Zemlya Frantsa Iosifa on the Swedish Ymer-80 expedition. Salinity profiles show the effect on multi-year floes of a year’s additional confinement in a fjord, the effect of a month’s desalination (July to August) on first-year and multi-year ice, and the difference between first-year and multi-year ice at the end of the melt season. The average salinity as a function of ice thickness agrees reasonably well with the results of Cox and Weeks (1974). Temperature, density, pH, and ionic composition results are also reported, and the effect of brine volume on dielectric constant discussed.

scholarly journals Observations of water masses and circulation with focus on the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean from the 1990s to the late 2000s

Ocean Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rudels ◽  
U. Schauer ◽  
G. Björk ◽  
M. Korhonen ◽  
S. Pisarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Gakkel Ridge ◽  
Geothermal Heating ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Eurasian Basin ◽  
The Laptev Sea

Abstract. The circulation and water mass properties in the Eurasian Basin are discussed based on a review of previous research and an examination of observations made in recent years within, or parallel to, DAMOCLES (Developing Arctic Modeling and Observational Capabilities for Long-term Environmental Studies). The discussion is strongly biased towards observations made from icebreakers and particularly from the cruise with R/V Polarstern 2007 during the International Polar Year (IPY). Focus is on the Barents Sea inflow branch and its mixing with the Fram Strait inflow branch. It is proposed that the Barents Sea branch contributes not just intermediate water but also most of the water to the Atlantic layer in the Amundsen Basin and also in the Makarov and Canada basins. Only occasionally would high temperature pulses originating from the Fram Strait branch penetrate along the Laptev Sea slope across the Gakkel Ridge into the Amundsen Basin. Interactions between the Barents Sea and the Fram Strait branches lead to formation of intrusive layers, in the Atlantic layer and in the intermediate waters. The intrusion characteristics found downstream, north of the Laptev Sea are similar to those observed in the northern Nansen Basin and over the Gakkel Ridge, suggesting a flow from the Laptev Sea towards Fram Strait. The formation mechanisms for the intrusions at the continental slope, or in the interior of the basins if they are reformed there, have not been identified. The temperature of the deep water of the Eurasian Basin has increased in the last 10 yr rather more than expected from geothermal heating. That geothermal heating does influence the deep water column was obvious from 2007 Polarstern observations made close to a hydrothermal vent in the Gakkel Ridge, where the temperature minimum usually found above the 600–800 m thick homogenous bottom layer was absent. However, heat entrained from the Atlantic water into descending, saline boundary plumes may also contribute to the warming of the deeper layers.

Neodymium isotopes in seawater from the Barents Sea and Fram Strait Arctic–Atlantic gateways

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 2854-2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per S. Andersson ◽  
Don Porcelli ◽  
Martin Frank ◽  
Göran Björk ◽  
Ralf Dahlqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Neodymium Isotopes ◽  
The Barents Sea

scholarly journals Observations of water masses and circulation in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean from the 1990s to the late 2000s

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2695-2747
Author(s):  
B. Rudels ◽  
U. Schauer ◽  
G. Björk ◽  
M. Korhonen ◽  
S. Pisarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Gakkel Ridge ◽  
Geothermal Heating ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Eurasian Basin ◽  
The Laptev Sea

Abstract. The circulation and water mass properties in the Eurasian Basin are discussed based on a review of previous research and an examination of observations made in recent years within, or parallel to, DAMOCLES (Developing Arctic Modelling and Observational Capabilities for Long-term Environmental Studies). The discussion is strongly biased towards observations made from icebreakers and particularly from the cruise with R/V Polarstern 2007 during the International Polar Year (IPY). Focus is on the Barents Sea inflow branch and its mixing with the Fram Strait inflow branch. It is proposed that the Barents Sea branch contributes not just intermediate water but also most of the Atlantic layer that is found in the Amundsen Basin and also in the Makarov and Canada basins. Only occasionally would high temperature pulses originating from the Fram Strait branch penetrate along the Laptev Sea slope across the Gakkel Ridge into the Amundsen Basin. Interactions between the Barents Sea and the Fram Strait branches lead to formation of intrusive layers, in the Atlantic layer and in the intermediate waters. The intrusion characteristics found downstream north of the Laptev Sea are similar to those observed in the Northern Nansen Basin and over the Gakkel Ridge, implying a flow from the Laptev Sea towards Fram Strait. The formation mechanisms for the intrusions at the continental slope, or in the interior of the basins if they are reformed there, have not been identified. The temperature of the deep water of the Eurasian Basin has increased in the last 10 yr rather more than expected from geothermal heating. That geothermal heating does influence the deep water column was obvious from 2007 Polarstern observations made close to a hydrothermal vent in the Gakkel Ridge, where the temperature minimum usually found above the 600–800 m thick homogenous bottom layer was absent. However, heat entrained from the Atlantic water into descending boundary plumes may also contribute to the warming of the deeper layers.

scholarly journals Confluence and redistribution of Atlantic water in the Nansen, Amundsen and Makarov basins

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schauer ◽  
B. Rudels ◽  
E. P. Jones ◽  
L. G. Anderson ◽  
R. D. Muench ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
Lomonosov Ridge ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Mass Properties ◽  
Anna Trough ◽  
Eurasian Basin ◽  
Canadian Basin

Abstract. The waters in the Eurasian Basin are conditioned by the confluence of the boundary flow of warm, saline Fram Strait water and cold low salinity water from the Barents Sea entering through the St. Anna Trough. Hydrographic sections obtained from RV Polarstern during the summer of 1996 (ACSYS 96) across the St. Anna Trough and the Voronin Trough in the northern Kara Sea and across the Nansen, Amundsen and Makarov basins allow for the determination of the water mass properties of the two components and the construction of a qualitative picture of the circulation both within the Eurasian Basin and towards the Canadian Basin. At the confluence north of the Kara Sea, the Fram Strait branch is displaced from the upper to the lower slope and it forms a sharp front to the Barents Sea water at depths between 100 m and greater than 1000 m. This front disintegrates downstream along the basin margin and the two components are largely mixed before the boundary current reaches the Lomonosov Ridge. Away from the continental slope, the presence of interleaving structures coherent over wide distances is consistent with low lateral shear. The return flow along the Nansen Gakkel Ridge, if present at all, seems to be slow and the cold water below a deep mixed layer there indicates that the Fram Strait Atlantic water was not covered with a halocline for about a decade. Anomalous water mass properties in the interior of the Eurasian Basin can be attributed to isolated lenses rather than to baroclinic flow cores. Eddies have probably detached from the front at the confluence and migrated into the interior of the basin. One deep (2500 m) lens of Canadian Basin water, with an anticyclonic eddy signature, must have spilled through a gap of the Lomonosov Ridge. During ACSYS 96, no clear fronts between Eurasian and Canadian intermediate waters, such as those observed further north in 1991 and 1994, were found at the Siberian side of the Lomonosov Ridge. This indicates that the Eurasian Basin waters enter the Canadian Basin not only along the continental slope but they may also cross the Lomonosov Ridge at other topographic irregularities. A decrease in salinity around 1000 m in depth in the Amundsen Basin probably originates from a larger input of fresh water to the Barents Sea. The inherent density changes may affect the flow towards the Canadian Basin.Key words. Oceanography: general (Artic and Antartic oceanography; descriptive and regional oceanography) Oceanography: physical (hydrography)

scholarly journals Ice Properties in the Greenland and Barents Seas During Summer

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (101) ◽  
pp. 142-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Overgaard ◽  
Peter Wadhams ◽  
Matti Leppäranta
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Brine Volume ◽  
European Arctic ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe analysis of sea-ice cores from three summer field operations to the European Arctic is reported, and the ice properties are related to general conditions of ice distribution, thickness, and ridging in the experimental areas. The operations were in 1978 and 1979 to the Kong Oscars Fjord area of East Greenland (about lat. 72° N.) and in 1980 to the Barents Sea, Fram Strait, and the Arctic Ocean north of Svalbard and Zemlya Frantsa Iosifa on the Swedish Ymer-80 expedition. Salinity profiles show the effect on multi-year floes of a year’s additional confinement in a fjord, the effect of a month’s desalination (July to August) on first-year and multi-year ice, and the difference between first-year and multi-year ice at the end of the melt season. The average salinity as a function of ice thickness agrees reasonably well with the results of Cox and Weeks (1974). Temperature, density, pH, and ionic composition results are also reported, and the effect of brine volume on dielectric constant discussed.

scholarly journals Observations of floating anthropogenic litter in the Barents Sea and Fram Strait, Arctic

Polar Biology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Bergmann ◽  
Nadja Sandhop ◽  
Ingo Schewe ◽  
Diederik D’Hert
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
The Barents Sea
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