Flexural and shear behaviour of adhesive connections for large scale GFRP frames: influence of the bonded area and hygro-thermal aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 115122
Author(s):  
Francesco Ascione ◽  
Luigi Granata ◽  
Giulia Carozzi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Adhesive Connections

Battery Charge Control With an Electro-Thermal-Aging Coupling

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Hu ◽  
Hector E. Perez ◽  
Scott J. Moura
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Optimal Control Problem ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Charge Control ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Pseudo Spectral Method

Efficient and safe battery charge control is an important prerequisite for large-scale deployment of clean energy systems. This paper proposes an innovative approach to devising optimally health-conscious fast-safe charge protocols. A multi-objective optimal control problem is mathematically formulated via a coupled electro-thermal-aging battery model, where electrical and aging sub-models depend upon the core temperature captured by a two-state thermal sub-model. The Legendre-Gauss-Radau (LGR) pseudo-spectral method with adaptive multi-mesh-interval collocation is employed to solve the resulting highly nonlinear six-state optimal control problem. Charge time and health degradation are therefore optimally traded off, subject to both electrical and thermal constraints. Minimum-time, minimum-aging, and balanced charge scenarios are examined in detail. The implications of the upper voltage bound, ambient temperature, and cooling convection resistance to the optimization outcome are investigated as well.

scholarly journals Reinforced concrete slabs subjected to thermal loads

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Vecchio ◽  
N. Agostino ◽  
B. Angelakos
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slabs ◽  
Load Conditions

Eight large-scale reinforced concrete slab specimens were tested under combined thermal and mechanical load conditions. The specimens varied in the amount and orientation of the in-plane reinforcement provided. A three-phase loading regime was used to investigate thermal gradient effects at service and ultimate load conditions. The slabs experienced significant levels of stressing and cracking as a result of restrained thermal deformations. However, reductions in stiffness due to cracking and thermal creep caused rapid decays in the restraint forces developed. At ultimate load conditions, thermal load effects were minimal. Nonlinear finite element analysis procedures were used to investigate the theoretical response of the test slabs. Fairly accurate simulations of the specimens' behaviour were obtained. Important to achieving accurate results were the consideration of tension stiffening effects and out-of-plane shear behaviour. Key words: analysis, cracking, finite elements, plates, reinforced concrete, slabs, temperature, tests, thermal gradients.

scholarly journals Assessment of Interface Shear Behaviour of Sub-ballast with Geosynthetics by Large-scale Direct Shear Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 1007-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mahdi Biabani ◽  
Buddhima Indraratna ◽  
Sanjay Nimbalkar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Shear Test ◽  
Shear Test ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Direct Shear ◽  
Interface Shear

Shear behaviour of large-scale rubberized concrete beams reinforced with steel fibres

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed K. Ismail ◽  
Assem A.A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibres

Slab-column edge connections subjected to high moments

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
E F El-Salakawy ◽  
M A Polak ◽  
M H Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Punching Shear ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Shear Reinforcement ◽  
Plate Edge ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Identical Series

This paper presents test results of eight large-scale reinforced concrete flat plate edge connections. The test specimens consisted of two identical series. Each series consisted of four specimens, two with openings, in the vicinity of the column, and the other two without openings. One of the specimens without an opening contained shear studs as shear reinforcement. The tests were designed to study the effect of high moment-to-shear ratio on the punching shear behaviour of the slab-column edge connections with openings. Each series was subjected to a different moment-to-shear ratio. The test parameters were the location of openings around the column, the shear reinforcement, and the moment-to-shear ratio. The openings in the specimens were square with the sides parallel to the sides of the column. The square dimension of the openings (150 × 150 mm) was 60% of the square column dimension. The slabs contained typical flexural reinforcement (ACI 318-95 and CSA A23.3-94) with the additional reinforcement added on the sides of the openings (equivalent to that interrupted by an opening). The design procedures in the Canadian and American codes (CSA A23.3-94 and ACI 318-95) are discussed and compared with the test results.Key words: columns, edge connections, flat concrete plates, punching shear, shear strength, high moments, openings, failure, shear reinforcement, reinforced concrete.

Shear behaviour of a geogrid-reinforced coarse-grained soil based on large-scale triaxial tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobin Chen ◽  
Jiasheng Zhang ◽  
Zhiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Coarse Grained Soil

scholarly journals Effect of Cobble Content on the Shear Behaviour of Sand-Cobble Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chuang Wang ◽  
Jinyu Dong ◽  
Zhiquan Huang ◽  
Jianjun Zhou ◽  
Jihong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shear Displacement ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Normal Displacement ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction

The sand and cobble stratum is a kind of mechanically unstable stratum. Shield machine often encounter problems such as difficulty in excavation, cutterhead wear, and poor slag discharge of the spiral dumper while constructing in this kind of stratum. Considering the complexly and variety of the material composition and structure of this stratum, the sand and cobble stratum in China, Chengdu Subway Line 7, Chadianzi-Yipintianxia Station, was selected to conduct indoor large-scale direct shear tests to systematically study the effects of cobble content (CC) on the shear strength and shear properties of sand and cobble soil. The test results showed that the shear strength and angle of internal friction of sand and cobble soil nonlinearly increased with CC, and the shear strength and angle of internal friction slightly increased when CC was less than 40%. The shear strength and angle of internal friction of sand and cobble soil significantly increased after CC reaching 40%. The shear stress-shear displacement curve has three stages, including the elastic deformation stage, yield stage, and hardening stage. The CC had a control effect on the strength and deformation characteristics of sand and cobble soil. The shear stress-displacement curve of sand and cobble soils with CCs of 20% and 80% can be fitted as an exponential model, while the shear stress shear displacement curves of sand and cobble soils with CCs of 40% and 60% are hyperbolic. For sand and cobble soil with same CC, the larger the vertical stress is, the larger the normal displacement is.

scholarly journals Observed and predicted behaviour of rail ballast under monotonic loading capturing particle breakage

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buddhima Indraratna ◽  
Qi Deng Sun ◽  
Sanjay Nimbalkar
Keyword(s):  
Critical State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Particle Breakage ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Triaxial Apparatus ◽  
Elastoplastic Constitutive Model ◽  
Constitutive Parameters

A substantial amount of experimental evidence suggests that the critical state envelope for ballast is nonlinear, especially at low confining pressure. To study the implications of this nonlinearity and the associated role of particle breakage, monotonically loaded drained triaxial tests were conducted using a large-scale cylindrical triaxial apparatus. A nonlinear critical state envelope is determined in the q–p′ and υ–lnp′ planes. Mathematical expressions for critical state stress ratio and specific volume are proposed to incorporate the evolution of particle breakage during monotonic shearing. In this paper, an elastoplastic constitutive model based on the critical state soil mechanics framework is presented to capture the salient aspects of stress–strain behaviour and degradation of ballast. Constitutive parameters were conveniently determined from large-scale laboratory tests. The model is able to predict the monotonic shear behaviour of ballast corroborating with the laboratory measurements. The proposed model is further validated using experimental results available from past independent studies.

A Fractal Model for the Shear Behaviour of Large-Scale Opened Rock Joints

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
J. Oh ◽  
R. Mitra ◽  
I. Canbulat
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fractal Model ◽  
Rock Joints ◽  
Shear Behaviour
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