Radiotracer study of embedding of SO42− and Cl− ions into the surface film formed on Mn corroding in perchlorate solution

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-514
Author(s):  
G. Horányi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Film ◽  
Perchlorate Solution ◽  
Radiotracer Study

Observation of Concanavalin-A receptors on hydrated planar erythrocyte membrane film by in situ electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 608-609
Author(s):  
Neng-Bo He ◽  
S.W. Hui
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Black Lipid Membranes ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Planar Films

Monolayers and planar "black" lipid membranes have been widely used as models for studying the structure and properties of biological membranes. Because of the lack of a suitable method to prepare these membranes for electron microscopic observation, their ultrastructure is so far not well understood. A method of forming molecular bilayers over the holes of fine mesh grids was developed by Hui et al. to study hydrated and unsupported lipid bilayers by electron diffraction, and to image phase separated domains by diffraction contrast. We now adapted the method of Pattus et al. of spreading biological membranes vesicles on the air-water interfaces to reconstitute biological membranes into unsupported planar films for electron microscopic study. hemoglobin-free human erythrocyte membrane stroma was prepared by hemolysis. The membranes were spreaded at 20°C on balanced salt solution in a Langmuir trough until a surface pressure of 20 dyne/cm was reached. The surface film was repeatedly washed by passing to adjacent troughs over shallow partitions (fig. 1).

Surface Films on Zircaloy-2 Samples Cracked in Neutral Aqueous NaCl by Stress Corrosion

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
R.A. Ploc
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Zirconium Dioxide ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Continuous Layer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Product Film

Samples of low-nickel Zircaloy-2 (material MLI-788-see(1)), when anodically polarized in neutral 5 wt% NaCl solutions, were found to be susceptible to pitting and stress corrosion cracking. The SEM revealed that pitting of stressed samples was occurring below a 2000Å thick surface film which behaved differently from normal zirconium dioxide in that it did not display interference colours. Since the initial film thickness was approximately 65Å, attempts were made to examine the product film by transmission electron microscopy to deduce composition and how the corrosion environment could penetrate the continuous layer.

Evaluation of a molybdenum sulfide reference electrode in hot alkaline solutions

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
OUTI A. HYÖKYVIRTA ◽  
TOM E. GUSTAFSSON
Keyword(s):  
Molybdenum Disulfide ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Molybdenum Sulfide ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Internal Reference ◽  
Cell Potential ◽  
Pulp Digester ◽  
Alkaline Sulfide

This investigation evaluated the applicability of a molybdenum sulfide reference electrode (MSRE) as an internal reference electrode for use in alkaline sulfide solutions over a range of pulp digester liquors at 170°C. The electrode remained stable during the exposure period of two weeks. The experimentally determined half cell potential of the MSRE is E = -0.91 VSHE. The surface of the MSRE was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) to verify the chemical composition of the thin surface film. Based on ESCA studies, the surface film contained molybdenum disulfide and sodium disulfide. During storage of the specimens, sulfide was partly oxidized to sodium sulfite in air. Next to the metallic molybdenum, a mixed molybdenum disulfide and molybdenum hydroxide layer was detected.

Studies on the storage stability of white beet sugar depending on its quality

2018 ◽  
pp. 581-589
Author(s):  
Philipp Bruhns ◽  
Timo Koch ◽  
Lothar Kroh
Keyword(s):  
Storage Stability ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Color Distribution ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Beet Sugar ◽  
Council Directive ◽  
Thick Juice ◽  
White Sugar

Storage stability of white beet sugar is an important factor determining the sugar quality. Due to color formation during storage the sugar color can exceed the quality criteria of the European council directive 2001/111/EC for white sugar. It is not possible to predict the color formation tendency of a white sugar lot at the time of its production. Also the source and the mechanism of color formation during storage are unknown. Color formation in general can be caused by several factors, which can be divided into external influences such as humidity and temperature during storage and internal causes such as contents of ash, polyphenols, mono- and oligosaccharides, and amino compounds. In this work, the effect of the above mentioned factors and the nature of the formed colorants were analyzed. Studies on the color distribution in sugar crystals were carried out and the nonsucrose compounds in the surface film were determined. The syrup film on the crystal surface contains the same compounds and in similar contents as thick juice. A correlation between the changes in the amino acid and monosaccharide content and the color formation was established, which shows that the Maillard reaction is responsible for the color development during storage of sugar.

Microbiological Investigations of Surface Film Oil Across a Sea Water Discontinuity

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 343-343
Author(s):  
M G. J. Route ◽  
G. D. Floodgate
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Surface Film

scholarly journals Surface Film Formation in Static-Fermented Rice Vinegar: A Case Study

Mycobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Jeong Hyun Yun ◽  
Jae Ho Kim ◽  
Jang-Eun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Rice Vinegar

scholarly journals Towards Automatic Recognition of Wakes Generated by Dark Vessels in Sentinel-1 Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Maria Daniela Graziano ◽  
Alfredo Renga
Keyword(s):  
Surface Film ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Detection Performance ◽  
Sar Images ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Maritime Surveillance ◽  
Strong Transition ◽  
Detection Capabilities

The recognition of wakes generated by dark vessels is a tremendous and interesting challenge in the field of maritime surveillance by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The paper aims at assessing the detection performance in different scenarios by processing Sentinel-1 SAR images along with ground truth data. Results confirm that the Radon-based approach is an effective technique for wake-based detection of dark vessels, and they lead to a deeper understanding of the effects of different sea and wind conditions. In general, the best applicative scenario is a marine image characterized by homogeneous sea clutter; the presence of natural surface film or strong transition from low wind speed areas to more windy zones worsen the detection performance. Nonetheless, the proposed approach features dark vessel detection capabilities by identifying their wakes, without any a priori knowledge of their positions.

scholarly journals Water Splitting and Transport of Ions in Electromembrane System with Bilayer Ion-Exchange Membrane

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Melnikov ◽  
Denis Bondarev ◽  
Elena Nosova ◽  
Ekaterina Melnikova ◽  
Victor Zabolotskiy
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Effective Rate Constant ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Limiting Current ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Bilayer ion-exchange membranes are mainly used for separating single and multiply charged ions. It is well known that in membranes in which the layers have different charges of the ionogenic groups of the matrix, the limiting current decreases, and the water splitting reaction accelerates in comparison with monolayer (isotropic) ion-exchange membranes. We study samples of bilayer ion-exchange membranes with very thin cation-exchange layers deposited on an anion-exchange membrane-substrate in this work. It was revealed that in bilayer membranes, the limiting current’s value is determined by the properties of a thin surface film (modifying layer). A linear regularity of the dependence of the non-equilibrium effective rate constant of the water-splitting reaction on the resistance of the bipolar region, which is valid for both bilayer and bipolar membranes, has been revealed. It is shown that the introduction of the catalyst significantly reduces the water-splitting voltage, but reduces the selectivity of the membrane. It is possible to regulate the fluxes of salt ions and water splitting products (hydrogen and hydroxyl ions) by changing the current density. Such an ability makes it possible to conduct a controlled process of desalting electrolytes with simultaneous pH adjustment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document