scholarly journals Loss of INCREASED SIZE EXCLUSION LIMIT (ISE)1 or ISE2 Increases the Formation of Secondary Plasmodesmata

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 989-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa M. Burch-Smith ◽  
Patricia C. Zambryski
Keyword(s):  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Secondary Plasmodesmata ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit

Identification of a developmental transition in plasmodesmatal function during embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insoon Kim ◽  
Frederick D. Hempel ◽  
Kyle Sha ◽  
Jennifer Pfluger ◽  
Patricia C. Zambryski
Keyword(s):  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Nutrient Transfer ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Fluorescent Tracer ◽  
Cell Transport ◽  
Developmental Transition ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit ◽  
Chromosome I

Plasmodesmata provide routes for communication and nutrient transfer between plant cells by interconnecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. A simple fluorescent tracer loading assay was developed to monitor patterns of cell-to-cell transport via plasmodesmata specifically during embryogenesis. A developmental transition in plasmodesmatal size exclusion limit was found to occur at the torpedo stage of embryogenesis in Arabidopsis; at this time, plasmodesmata are down-regulated, allowing transport of small (approx. 0.5 kDa) but not large (approx. 10 kDa) tracers. This assay system was used to screen for embryo-defective mutants, designated increased size exclusion limit of plasmodesmata(ise), that maintain dilated plasmodesmata at the torpedo stage. The morphology of ise1 and ise2 mutants discussed here resembled that of the wild-type during embryo development, although the rate of their embryogenesis was slower. The ISE1 gene was mapped to position 13 cM on chromosome I using PCR-based biallelic markers. ise2 was found to be allelic to the previously characterized mutant emb25 which maps to position 100 cM on chromosome I. The results presented have implications for intercellular signaling pathways that regulate embryonic development, and furthermore represent the first attempt to screen directly for mutants of Arabidopsis with altered size exclusion limit of plasmodesmata.

The chloroplastic DEVH-box RNA helicase INCREASED SIZE EXCLUSION LIMIT 2 involved in plasmodesmata regulation is required for group II intron splicing

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Carlotto ◽  
Sonia Wirth ◽  
Nicolas Furman ◽  
Nazarena Ferreyra Solari ◽  
Federico Ariel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Ii Intron ◽  
Rna Helicase ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Intron Splicing ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit ◽  
Group Ii

Movement Protein of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Modifies Plasmodesmatal Size Exclusion Limit

Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 246 (4928) ◽  
pp. 377-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. WOLF ◽  
W. J. LUCAS ◽  
C. M. DEOM ◽  
R. N. BEACHY
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Movement Protein ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit

scholarly journals Cucumber Mosaic Virus Movement Protein Severs Actin Filaments to Increase the Plasmodesmal Size Exclusion Limit in Tobacco

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1373-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengzhong Su ◽  
Zhaohui Liu ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Movement Protein ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Virus Movement ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit

scholarly journals The actin cytoskeleton is involved in the regulation of the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1663-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Lei Zhu ◽  
Ming Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit

scholarly journals Determining the Size Exclusion for Nanoparticles in Citrus Leaves

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Etxeberria ◽  
Pedro Gonzalez ◽  
Priyanka Bhattacharya ◽  
Parvesh Sharma ◽  
Pu Chun Ke
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Pamam Dendrimers ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit ◽  
Citrus Leaves

Implementation of nanotechnology in agriculture is intimately dependent on the capacity of nanoparticles (NPs) to move within the plant body and reach the targeted cells. Although the fibrillar nature of the plant cell wall permits the movement of molecules through its porous matrix (apoplast), the movement of particles through the aqueous apoplastic milieu has its size limitations given the tightly knitted cellulose/hemicellulose fiber structure. In the present study, we used fluorescent NPs of different composition and sizes, and followed their movement into citrus leaves by fluorescent microscopy. Our results indicate that in citrus leaves, the size exclusion limit for NPs is of ≈5.4 nm. This conclusion was based on the capacity of PAMAM dendrimers G-4 and G-5 (4.5 and 5.4 nm, respectively) to move through the cell wall and into the phloem, but failure of similar PAMAM dendrimers G-6 (6.7 nm) to move through the apoplast. Dendrimer NPs 5.4 nm and smaller were observed to penetrate the leaf tissue, and then taken up and mobilized by the phloem elements. The current study provides evidence on the size limit for NPs use in agriculture.

Structure and function of plasmodesmata

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Leila M. Blackman ◽  
Robyn L. Overall
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Exclusion Limit ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Cell Transport ◽  
Selective Transport ◽  
Size Exclusion Limit ◽  
And Function

Little is known about the molecular architecture of plasmodesmata. Electron micrographs of plasmodesmata, although showing remarkably consistent features, do not reveal the dynamic nature of plasmodesmata. In addition, the generally accepted size exclusion limit of plasmodesmata of 1 kDa as determined by the microinjection of fluorescent probes, is not an accurate measure of the size of molecules that can move from cell to cell. In some cases, plasmodesmata allow the non-selective movement of proteins up to 50 kDa, whereas others allow the selective transport of proteins such as transcription factors. Insights to the molecular architecture of plasmodesmata and the mechanism of cell-to-cell transport can be gained by the examination of the type of molecules and conditions under which selective and passive movement of molecules occurs.

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