Pilot-scale hybrid bio-diatomite/dynamic membrane reactor for slightly polluted raw water purification

Desalination ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxun Yu ◽  
Huaqiang Chu ◽  
Dawen Cao ◽  
Yanqiang Ma ◽  
Bingzhi Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Dynamic Membrane

Pollutant removal mechanisms in a bio-diatomite dynamic membrane reactor for micro-polluted surface water purification

Desalination ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaqiang Chu ◽  
Bingzhi Dong ◽  
Yalei Zhang ◽  
Xuefei Zhou ◽  
Zhenxun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Removal Mechanisms

Gravity filtration performances of the bio-diatomite dynamic membrane reactor for slightly polluted surface water purification

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1139-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaqiang Chu ◽  
Bingzhi Dong ◽  
Yalei Zhang ◽  
Xuefei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Water Head ◽  
Pollutants Removal ◽  
Filtration Flux

A bio-diatomite dynamic membrane (BDDM) reactor for surface water treatment under a water head of 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 cm, respectively, was investigated, which was very effective for pollutants removal. The water head exerted strong influences on filtration flux of BDDM during the precoating process, as well as on the formation of BDDM and turbidity variations. A high filtration flux (approximately 200−300 L/m2 h) could be achieved in the long filtration times of BDDM with a stable effluent turbidity of approximately 0.11−0.25 NTU. The BDDM could remove particles larger than 25 μm completely. The adopted sintered diatomite mainly consisted of macro pores, which were beneficial for improving the filtration flux of BDDM. During the backwash stage, the BDDM could be removed completely by the air backwash.

Household water purification system comprising cartridge filtration, UVC disinfection and chlorination to treat turbid raw water

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 102203
Author(s):  
Paulo Marcos Faria Maciel ◽  
Natália de Melo Nasser Fava ◽  
Antônio Wagner Lamon ◽  
Pilar Fernandez-Ibañez ◽  
John Anthony Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Purification System ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Household Water

Pre-Ozonation-Coagulant Interactions in Direct Filtration

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Eyvaz ◽  
Hatice Deniz ◽  
Tuğrul S. Aktaş ◽  
Ebubekir Yüksel ◽  
Ahmet M. Saatçi
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Dimensionless Number ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Direct Filtration ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Sulfate Application

Abstract Pre-ozonation–coagulant interactions effects in relation to the coagulant type and dosage in direct filtration of surface waters were investigated. The performance of the process was evaluated by monitoring the effluent quality and head loss development through the filter bed. Two identical pilot scale filter columns filtering the same raw water were operated in parallel. The raw water was brought from Ömerli Reservoir in Istanbul. Before filtering, the raw water flow was split into two equal flows. One of the streams was pre-ozonated and the other was aerated using contact chambers with equal volumes equipped with same number and type of diffusers. In coagulation experiments, one of the filters was operated using aluminum sulfate as a coagulant while the other one was run with ferric chloride. For similar filter run times, the effluent quality was always better with pre-ozonation compared to aeration. It was also observed that, aluminum sulfate application gave more favorable results for both particle and turbidity removal compared to ferric chloride. Ives’ filterability index which incorporates the important filtration design parameters such as: effluent quality, the headloss and the velocity of filtration into a dimensionless number was used for the comparison of the experimental results.

High-rate dissolved air flotation for water treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. P. Raeli ◽  
M. Marchetto
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
Dissolved Air

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation about the performance of a horizontal flow high-rate pilot scale Dissolved Air Flotation (HRDAF) unit containing inclined parallel plates for treating a coloured and low turbidity raw water. Experiments were performed with the DAF unit in order to verify the influence on flotation of : (i) the water velocity (Vh) between the plates, in the range 18 to 96.5 cm.min−1 with corresponding Reynolds numbers between 240 and 1060; (ii) the supplied air (S*) value ranging from 2.2 to 8.5 g of air/m3 of water ; (iii) the angle of the plates (60° or 70°). The best pilot plant operational condition was obtained applying only 4.0 g/m3 (S*) with Vh around 18 cm.min−1 for treatment of water coagulated with a Al2(SO4)3 dosage of 40 mg.l−1. In these conditions, the unit presented very good removal efficiencies of colour (90%, residual of 10 uC), turbidity (88%, residual of 0.8 NTU ) and TSS (94%, residual of 1.8 mg.l−1). Furthermore, the unit could operate at higher Vh values up to 76 cm.min−1 and still present good results. The DAF unit thus behaved as a high rate unit presenting good performance with low air requirement.

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in a conventional water purification plant

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hashimoto ◽  
T. Hirata ◽  
S. Kunikane
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Giardia Cyst ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Observation Level ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Purification Plant ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Giardia Cysts

A one-year monitoring of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts was conducted at a water purification plant. A total of thirteen 50 L samples of river source water and twenty-six 2,000 L samples of filtered water (treated by coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation and rapid filtration) were concentrated using a hollow fibre ultrafiltration membrane module at a purification plant. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in all raw water samples with a geometric mean concentration of 400 oocysts/m3 (range 160-1,500 oocysts/m3). Giardia cysts were detected in 12/13 raw waters (92%) with a geometric mean concentration of 170 cysts/m3 (range 40-580 oocysts/m3). Probability distributions of both Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst concentration in raw water were nearly log-normal. In filtered water samples, Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 9/26 samples (35%) with a geometric mean concentration of 1.2 oocysts/m3 (range 0.5-8 oocysts/m3) and Giardia cysts in three samples (12%) with 0.8 cysts/m3 (range 0.5-2 oocysts/m3). The estimated removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts was, respectively, 2.54 log10 and 2.53 log10 on the basis of geometric means, 3.20 and 3.57 log10 on the basis of 50% observation level and 2.70 and 2.90 log10 on the basis of 90% observation level.

Novel pilot scale continuous photocatalytic membrane reactor for removal of organic micropollutants from water

2016 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos V. Plakas ◽  
Vasilis C. Sarasidis ◽  
Sotiris I. Patsios ◽  
Dimitra A. Lambropoulou ◽  
Anastasios J. Karabelas
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor

Development of automatic coagulant dosage control technology for rapid change of raw water quality parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 918-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sangu ◽  
H. Yokoi ◽  
H. Tadokoro ◽  
T. Tachi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Control Logic ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Raw Water Quality

An automatic coagulant dosage control technology for water purification plants was developed to deal with rapid changes of raw water quality parameters. Control logic was developed to decide coagulant dosage based on aluminum concentration in rapid mixing tank water based on results of semi-pilot scale experiments. This logic enabled quick feedback on the excess or lack of coagulant. It was found that the aluminum residual rate, which was proposed as an indicator of coagulation reactions, could be given as a function of coagulant dosage and turbidity. The effectiveness of the control logic was verified in semi-pilot scale experiments. Settled water turbidity was within ±0.5 NTU of target value even when raw water turbidity increased rapidly up to 100 NTU.

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