scholarly journals State-of-the-art of renewable energy sources used in water desalination: Present and future prospects

Desalination ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 115035
Author(s):  
Jochen Bundschuh ◽  
Michał Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Noreddine Ghaffour ◽  
Barbara Tomaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Future Prospects

scholarly journals Progresses in Analytical Design of Distribution Grids and Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4270
Author(s):  
Gianpiero Colangelo ◽  
Gianluigi Spirto ◽  
Marco Milanese ◽  
Arturo de Risi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Grids

In the last years, a change in the power generation paradigm has been promoted by the increasing use of renewable energy sources combined with the need to reduce CO2 emissions. Small and distributed power generators are preferred to the classical centralized and sizeable ones. Accordingly, this fact led to a new way to think and design distributions grids. One of the challenges is to handle bidirectional power flow at the distribution substations transformer from and to the national transportation grid. The aim of this paper is to review and analyze the different mathematical methods to design the architecture of a distribution grid and the state of the art of the technologies used to produce and eventually store or convert, in different energy carriers, electricity produced by renewable energy sources, coping with the aleatory of these sources.

scholarly journals Integrated Capacitive Deionization and Humidification-Dehumidification System for Brackish Water Desalination

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7641
Author(s):  
Sadam-Hussain Soomro ◽  
Yusufu Abeid Chande Jande ◽  
Salman Memon ◽  
Woo-Seung Kim ◽  
Young-Deuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Flow Rates

A hybrid capacitive deionization and humidification-dehumidification (CDI–HDH) desalination system is theoretically investigated for the desalination of brackish water. The CDI system works with two basic operations: adsorption and regeneration. During adsorption, water is desalted, and during the regeneration process the ions from electrodes are detached and flow out as wastewater, which is higher in salt concentration. This wastewater still contains water but cannot be treated again via the CDI unit because CDI cannot treat higher-salinity waters. The discarding of wastewater from CDI is not a good option, since every drop of water is precious. Therefore, CDI wastewater is treated using waste heat in a process that is less sensitive to high salt concentrations, such as humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination. Therefore, in this study, CDI wastewater was treated using the HDH system. Using the combined system (CDI–HDH), this study theoretically investigated brackish water of various salt concentrations and flow rates at the CDI inlet. A maximum distillate of 1079 L/day was achieved from the combined system and the highest recovery rate achieved was 24.90% from the HDH unit. Additionally, two renewable energy sources with novel ideas are recommended to power the CDI–HDH system.

scholarly journals Robots for Cleaning Photovoltaic Panels: State of the Art and Future Prospects

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel nmas Grando Nmas Grando ◽  
Elias Rená Maletz ◽  
Daniel Martins ◽  
Henrique Simas ◽  
Roberto Simoni
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Radiation Incidence

The growing interest in use of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic energy systems, occurs due to the high cost of conventional energy sources and the environmental awareness linked to renewable sources. For photovoltaic panels efficient operation, it is necessary the system presents appropriate cleaning conditions to the dirt do not obstruct the solar radiation incidence. In this context, periodic cleaning of photovoltaic panels is an obvious necessity. This work aims to present a market survey and patent analysis on the use of robots to perform cleaning tasks on photovoltaic panels. For that, the Brazilian and international literature were consulted. As a result, it was noted the existence of different solutions for cleaning photovoltaic panels, all with positive and negative aspects in practical terms. With this study it was also possible to map the technology of robotics for cleaning photovoltaic panels.

Clean Power from Deserts

Green ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Düren
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Economic Wealth

AbstractSolar power from deserts can contribute significantly to a future renewable energy system. The technically accessible solar potential in deserts exceeds the global energy demand by a factor of 20. In the DESERTEC concept, a smart super grid based on HVDC technology interconnects wind, solar and other renewable energy sources with distant consumers on a scale of several thousand kilometres. The large grid averages out the natural fluctuations of renewable energy sources to a large extend. Remaining fluctuations have to be compensated by storage systems. Two competing technologies, CSP and PV, are available for large-scale solar power production in desert countries. CSP technology can be combined with thermal energy storage and water desalination. A large-scale production of solar energy in desert countries has important socio-economic implications. The interconnection of continents by large power grids introduces new economical interdependencies, which can help to reduce the North-South gradient of economic wealth.

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