Antimicrobial activity of daptomycin tested against Gram-positive pathogens collected in Europe, Latin America, and selected countries in the Asia-Pacific Region (2011)

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio S. Sader ◽  
Robert K. Flamm ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Gram Positive

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae from North America, Europe, Latin America, and the Asia-Pacific Region: Results From 20 Years of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997–2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S14-S23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio S Sader ◽  
Rodrigo E Mendes ◽  
Jennifer Le ◽  
Gerald Denys ◽  
Robert K Flamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
North America ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Antimicrobial Surveillance ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program monitors the frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of organisms from various infection types worldwide. In this investigation, we evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates collected worldwide over 20 years (1997–2016). Methods A total of 65 993 isolates were consecutively collected (1 per infection episode) from North America (NA; n = 34 626; 2 nations), Europe (EUR; n = 19 123; 23 nations), the Asia-Pacific region (APAC; n = 7111; 10 nations), and Latin America (LATAM; n = 5133; 7 nations) and tested for susceptibility using reference broth microdilution methods. Resistant subgroups included multidrug-resistant (MDR; nonsusceptible to ≥3 classes of agents) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR; nonsusceptible to ≥5 classes). Results The isolates were collected primarily from respiratory tract infections (77.3%), and 25.4% were from pediatric patients. Penicillin susceptibility (≤0.06 mg/L) rates varied from 70.7% in EUR to 52.4% in APAC for all years combined. In NA, there was a slight improvement in susceptibility for the first few years of the program, from 66.5% in 1997–1998 to 69.4% in 1999–2000, followed by a decline until 2011–2012 (57.0%). Similar declines in penicillin susceptibility rates were observed in all regions, with the lowest rates of 67.3% in EUR (2011–2012), 41.6% in the APAC region (2007–2008), and 48.2% in LATAM (2013–2014). These declines were followed by improved susceptibility rates in all regions in later program years, with susceptibility rates of 55.6% to 71.8% in 2015–2016 (65.8% overall). Susceptibility rates to ceftriaxone, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole followed a similar pattern, with a decrease in the first 12–14 years and a continued increase in the last 6–8 years of the program. MDR and XDR frequencies were highest in APAC (49.8% and 17.3% overall, respectively) and lowest in LATAM (10.8% and 1.9% overall, respectively). The most active agents for MDR/XDR isolates were ceftaroline (99.7%/99.1% susceptible), tigecycline (96.8%/95.9% susceptible), linezolid (100.0%/100.0% susceptible), and vancomycin (100.0%/100.0% susceptible). Conclusions S. pneumoniae susceptibility to many antibiotics increased in all regions in the last few years, and these increases may be related to PCV13 immunization, which was introduced in 2010.

scholarly journals How to Perform Crisis: A Model for Understanding the Key Role of Crisis in Contemporary Populism

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Moffitt
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The People ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Internal Core

A focus on crisis is a mainstay of the literature on contemporary populism. However, the links between populism and crisis remain under-theorized and undeveloped. This article puts forward a novel perspective for understanding this relationship, arguing that crisis does not just trigger populism, but that populism also attempts to act as a trigger for crisis. This is because crises are always mediated and ‘performed’. The article presents a six-step model of how populist actors ‘perform’ crisis, drawing on empirical examples from Europe, Latin America, North America and the Asia-Pacific region. It explains how the performance of crisis allows populist actors to pit ‘the people’ against a dangerous other, radically simplify the terrain of political debate and advocate strong leadership. It ultimately suggests that we should move from thinking of crisis as something purely external to populism, towards thinking about the performance of crisis as an internal core feature of populism.

scholarly journals Worldwide Appraisal and Update (2010) of Telavancin Activity Tested against a Collection of Gram-Positive Clinical Pathogens from Five Continents

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 3999-4004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽  
Helio S. Sader ◽  
David J. Farrell ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococcus ◽  
Clinical Pathogens

ABSTRACTA total of 15,480 Gram-positive pathogens were collected from 89 sites in the United States, Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, and Latin America in 2010. Telavancin was active against indicatedStaphylococcus aureus(MIC50/90, 0.12/0.25 μg/ml), vancomycin-susceptibleEnterococcus faecalis(MIC50/90, 0.5/0.5 μg/ml), and beta-hemolytic (MIC50/90, 0.06/0.12 μg/ml) and viridans group streptococcus (MIC50/90, 0.03/0.06 μg/ml) isolates. These MIC results showed potency for telavancin equal to or greater than that of comparators. Thesein vitrodata confirm a continued potent activity of telavancin when tested against contemporary Gram-positive clinical isolates.

scholarly journals Russia, China and the Pacific Countries of Latin America: Opportunities for Multilateral Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Order ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Regional Order

The article is devoted to the problems of the development of modern relations of Russia, China and the  Pacific states of Latin America. Author focuses on potential of cooperation of these states in multilateral  formats and dialogues and the reform of the economic and institutional order in the Asia-Pacific. The  relevance of such cooperation is increasing due to the crisis of the international order that has emerged  in the Asia-Pacific region. This crisis manifests itself in two aspects. First, we may observe a certain lack  of institutions of regulation of economic relations and ideas for their further development. Such a  complex agenda is shaped by Russia and China in relation to Eurasia (the concept of “Greater Eurasia”),  but the promotion of a similar agenda in the APEC faces many contradictions. Second, the Asia-Pacific region is becoming an area of confrontation between the United States and China, which is also  manifested in the struggle for the future configuration of the regional order in the region. The Pacific  countries of Latin America were not affected by either the Russian or Chinese mega-initiatives of recent  years, which are aimed precisely at creating a new international order. Meanwhile, these countries are  APEC members and participants in many regional initiatives, as well as potentially significant economic  partners for both Russia and China. Moreover, the author believes that a similar level of economic  development and similar needs objectively bring together the views and approaches of the leading  Eurasian powers and the Pacific states of Latin America to the development of multilateral institutions of  the regional order. However, the historically established institutional and political linkage of these  countries to the United States currently determines their support for American initiatives. This provision, however, is not a given, and some irregularity of the American regional policy under the Trump  administration makes the development of dialogue with these countries on the broad problems of  multilateral cooperation in Eurasia and the Asia-Pacific region even more in demand. The author  considers the proposed analysis and some conclusions as an opportunity for academic and expert  discussion on the identified issues. 

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