Fish communities associated with cold-water corals vary with depth and substratum type

The effects of deep-sea bottom longlining on fish communities and the benthic ecosystem, as well as the interactions between fishing and seabirds, were studied based on data collected from a joint collaboration between the Spanish Institute of Oceanography and a longliner, carried out on the Hatton Bank area (north-east Atlantic) in 2008. A total of 38 longline sets were distributed mainly along the rugged bottom of the rocky outcrop at depths ranging from 750 to 1500 m. Deep-water sharks and lotids were predominant in the catches contributing respectively 80.4% and 13.1% in terms of weight. Deep-water sharks were predominant in the discards. By-catch of cold-water corals and small glass sponges occurred along the western flank of the Hatton Bank, while large hexactinellids were found along the eastern flank. Longlines fished the adult fraction of vulnerable deep-water sharks and lotids. High catches per unit effort values for these species were obtained in coral areas. A combination of seabird-scaring streamer lines and other measures of preventing seabird by-catch were used. Only one fulmar was captured and it survived. Data on distribution of marine litter and derelict deep-sea gillnets are also presented.

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Review of cold water pollution in the Murray-Darling Basin and the impacts on fish communities

Ecological Management & Restoration ◽

10.1111/emr.12074 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 71-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Allan Lugg ◽

Craig Copeland

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Cold Water ◽

Fish Communities ◽

Murray Darling Basin

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Fish communities in two environmentally different estuarine systems of Mexico

Journal of Fish Biology ◽

10.1016/s0022-1112(02)92076-3 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 0 ◽

Author(s):

A Raz-Guzman

Keyword(s):

Fish Communities ◽

Estuarine Systems

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Ecological Studies in Tropical Fish Communities

10.1017/cbo9780511721892 ◽

1987 ◽

Cited By ~ 583

Author(s):

R. H. Lowe-McConnell

Keyword(s):

Fish Communities ◽

Tropical Fish ◽

Ecological Studies

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Patient Involvement in Treatment Decision Making Can Help or Hinder Placebo Analgesia

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000179 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 222 (3) ◽

pp. 165-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew L. Geers ◽

Jason P. Rose ◽

Stephanie L. Fowler ◽

Jill A. Brown

Keyword(s):

Patient Involvement ◽

Cold Water ◽

Prior Experience ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Treatment Decision ◽

Cold Water Immersion ◽

Not Given ◽

Placebo Analgesia ◽

Treatment Decision Making ◽

Immersion Experience

Experiments have found that choosing between placebo analgesics can reduce pain more than being assigned a placebo analgesic. Because earlier research has shown prior experience moderates choice effects in other contexts, we tested whether prior experience with a pain stimulus moderates this placebo-choice association. Before a cold water pain task, participants were either told that an inert cream would reduce their pain or they were not told this information. Additionally, participants chose between one of two inert creams for the task or they were not given choice. Importantly, we also measured prior experience with cold water immersion. Individuals with prior cold water immersion experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia when given choice, whereas participants without this experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia without choice. Prior stimulus experience appears to moderate the effect of choice on placebo analgesia.

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A Method for Evaluating the Impacts of Reservoir Operation on Fish Communities

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007 ◽

10.1061/40927(243)552 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Jian-Ping Suen ◽

Edwin E. Herricks ◽

J. Wayland Eheart ◽

Fi-John Chang

Keyword(s):

Reservoir Operation ◽

Fish Communities

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Operation intensification methods of aggressive industrial sewage neutralization facilities

Ferrous Metallurgy Bulletin of Scientific Technical and Economic Information ◽

10.32339/0135-5910-2020-11-1149-1153 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (11) ◽

pp. 1149-1153

Author(s):

N. S. Tsarev ◽

V. I. Aksenov ◽

I. I. Nichkova

Keyword(s):

Cold Water ◽

Specific Productivity ◽

Technological Properties ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Preliminary Heating ◽

Sediment Treatment ◽

Circulating Water ◽

Equipment Operation ◽

Sediment Volume ◽

Industrial Sewage

To neutralize the waste pickling solutions and rinsing water, resulting from cleaning metal products s surface of rust by acids solutions, lime is used. Being cheap, this method of sewage neutralization has considerable drawbacks. Forming in the technological pipes strong gypsum depositions and low specific productivity of the equipment for sediment dewatering are most significant of them. Characteristic of aggressive industrial sewage, formed at pickling of ferrous metals presented. Methods of elimination of drawbacks of industrial sewage neutralization by lime considered, including stabilization of neutralized industrial sewage and control of properties of the sediment formed. It was noted, that stability of the circulating water can be provided by accelerating of crystallization of the forming gypsum sediments by introducing in it fine priming powder and heating the neutralized water up to 65-70 °С followed by thermal softening of a part of circulating water, removed out of the circulating system. It was shown, that the heating of the water and the ongoing changes of the composition and properties of the sediment result in decrease of filtration resistance 2-3 folds, increase of deposition speed 3-4 folds and decrease the sediment volume 1.5-2 folds comparing with lime neutralization in cold water. Calculated dozes of lime at the heating were taken the same as at the regular lime neutralization. Elimination of the circulating water oversaturation by bi-water gypsum can be reached also by addition into the water of powder-like gypsum pulp - priming powder for microcrystals of the gypsum, followed by aeration during 30-40 min. This method was tested under industrial conditions. Technological properties of the forming sediment can be improved by sediment treatment by flocculants and preliminary heating of the neutralized water up to 65-70 °С. Control of technological properties of the sediment is done by addition of flocculants and heating of the neutralized water. Recommendations for improving operation of the neutralization facilities presented with indicating particular technological parameters of the equipment operation for sewage and sediment treatment.

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INFLUENCE THE QUENCHING AND TEMPERING ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS, OF MEDIUM CARBON STEEL

THE IRAQI JOURNAL FOR MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING ◽

10.32852/iqjfmme.vol18.iss1.78 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 125-135

Author(s):

Sattar H A Alfatlawi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Heat Treatment ◽

Surface Roughness ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Cold Water ◽

Medium Carbon Steel ◽

Medium Carbon ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Quenching And Tempering

One of ways to improve properties of materials without changing the product shape toobtain the desired engineering applications is heating and cooling under effect of controlledsequence of heat treatment. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect ofheating and cooling on the surface roughness, microstructure and some selected propertiessuch as the hardness and impact strength of Medium Carbon Steel which treated at differenttypes of heat treatment processes. Heat treatment achieved in this work was respectively,heating, quenching and tempering. The specimens were heated to 850°C and left for 45minutes inside the furnace as a holding time at that temperature, then quenching process wasperformed in four types of quenching media (still air, cold water (2°C), oil and polymersolution), respectively. Thereafter, the samples were tempered at 200°C, 400°C, and 600°Cwith one hour as a soaking time for each temperature, then were all cooled by still air. Whenthe heat treatment process was completed, the surface roughness, hardness, impact strengthand microstructure tests were performed. The results showed a change and clearimprovement of surface roughness, mechanical properties and microstructure afterquenching was achieved, as well as the change that took place due to the increasingtoughness and ductility by reducing of brittleness of samples.

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Dominance determines fish community biomass in a temperate seagrass ecosystem

10.32942/osf.io/cqjvu ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Aaron Matthius Eger ◽

Rebecca J. Best ◽

Julia Kathleen Baum

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Ecosystem Function ◽

Fish Community ◽

Prey Capture ◽

Fish Communities ◽

Functional Trait ◽

Ecosystem Functions ◽

Community Biomass ◽

Ecosystem Valuation ◽

Species Abundances

Biodiversity and ecosystem function are often correlated, but there are multiple hypotheses about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Ecosystem functions such as primary or secondary production may be maximized by species richness, evenness in species abundances, or the presence or dominance of species with certain traits. Here, we combined surveys of natural fish communities (conducted in July and August, 2016) with morphological trait data to examine relationships between diversity and ecosystem function (quantified as fish community biomass) across 14 subtidal eelgrass meadows in the Northeast Pacific (54° N 130° W). We employed both taxonomic and functional trait measures of diversity to investigate if ecosystem function is driven by species diversity (complementarity hypothesis) or by the presence or dominance of species with particular trait values (selection or dominance hypotheses). After controlling for environmental variation, we found that fish community biomass is maximized when taxonomic richness and functional evenness is low, and in communities dominated by species with particular trait values – those associated with benthic habitats and prey capture. While previous work on fish communities has found that species richness is positively correlated with ecosystem function, our results instead highlight the capacity for regionally prevalent and locally dominant species to drive ecosystem function in moderately diverse communities. We discuss these alternate links between community composition and ecosystem function and consider their divergent implications for ecosystem valuation and conservation prioritization.

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