Association of Aortic Root Dilation from Early Adulthood to Middle Age with Cardiac Structure and Function: The CARDIA Study

Background: Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction increases significantly with aging and becomes more prevalent in middle-age to older adulthood. DNA methylation markers of aging have been identified and integrated into an epigenetic age (EA) score, which has been demonstrated to be associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) is the residual value of EA methylation markers regressed on chronologic age (CA), and is thus independent of CA. Therefore, we sought to examine the association of a previously identified DNA methylation molecular signature in blood (EAA) with cardiac mechanics. Methods: A subset of participants in the CARDIA cohort (n=1200) randomly selected (balanced on race and sex) underwent genome-wide DNA methylation profiling with the Illumina EPIC array from exam year 15 (2000-01 [age 33-45 years]) for calculation of EA and EAA. Echocardiography was completed at exam year 25 (2010-11 [age 43-55]). We used linear regression to examine the association of EA and EAA with parameters of cardiac mechanics. Models were adjusted for age, race, sex, education, study center, and Y15 cardiovascular risk factors (heart rate, body mass index, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking). Results: Mean age of participant was 45.4±3.5 years, 52% female, and 41% black. DNA methylation markers of aging (EA and EAA) were associated with tissue Doppler measures of diastolic function, but not with parameters of left ventricular structure and systolic function ( Table ). Conclusions: EA and EAA are associated with changes in cardiac structure and function. Abnormalities in cardiac structure and function are an important intermediate phenotype prior to the development of symptomatic heart failure, and additional longitudinal research should examine DNA methylation markers as potential mediator of or novel biomarker for incident heart failure in young to middle-age adults.

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Puberty timing and markers of cardiovascular structure and function at 25 years: a prospective cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12916-021-01949-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gillian M. Maher ◽

Lisa Ryan ◽

Fergus P. McCarthy ◽

Alun Hughes ◽

Chloe Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Cardiovascular Structure ◽

Males And Females ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

And Function

Abstract Background Whether earlier onset of puberty is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in early adulthood is not well understood. Our objective was to examine the association between puberty timing and markers of cardiovascular structure and function at age 25 years. Methods We conducted a prospective birth cohort study using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Participants were born between April 1, 1991, and December 31, 1992. Exposure of interest was age at peak height velocity (aPHV), an objective and validated growth-based measure of puberty onset. Outcome measures included cardiovascular structure and function at age 25 years: carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Multiple imputation was used to impute missing data on covariates and outcomes. Linear regression was used to examine the association between aPHV and each measure of cardiac structure and function, adjusting for maternal age, gestational age, household social class, maternal education, mother’s partner’s education, breastfeeding, parity, birthweight, maternal body mass index, maternal marital status, maternal prenatal smoking status and height and fat mass at age 9. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results A total of 2752–4571 participants were included in the imputed analyses. A 1-year older aPHV was not strongly associated with markers of cardiac structure and function in males and females at 25 years and most results spanned the null value. In adjusted analyses, a 1-year older aPHV was associated with 0.003 mm (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00001, 0.006) and 0.0008 mm (95% CI − 0.002, 0.003) higher CIMT; 0.02 m/s (95% CI − 0.05, 0.09) and 0.02 m/s (95% CI − 0.04, 0.09) higher PWV; and 0.003 mmHg (95% CI − 0.60, 0.60) and 0.13 mmHg (95% CI − 0.44, 0.70) higher SBP, among males and females, respectively. A 1-year older aPHV was associated with − 0.55 g/m2.7 (95% CI − 0.03, − 1.08) and − 0.89 g/m2.7 (95% CI − 0.45, − 1.34) lower LVMI and − 0.001 (95% CI − 0.006, 0.002) and − 0.002 (95% CI − 0.006, 0.002) lower RWT among males and females. Conclusions Earlier puberty is unlikely to have a major impact on pre-clinical cardiovascular risk in early adulthood.

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Relation of Impaired Glucose Tolerance to Cardiac Structure and Function: The Strong Heart Study

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(97)88289-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 525A-526A

Author(s):

A Ilercil

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Strong Heart Study ◽

Heart Study ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

And Function

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cardiac structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: baseline findings from the echocardiographic study of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist trial.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718180959.793489610 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Chim Lang

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Cardiac Function ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽

Aldosterone Antagonist ◽

Echocardiographic Study ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

And Function

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Impact of the severity of end-stage liver disease in cardiac structure and function

Annals of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/s1665-2681(19)31389-4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 85-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Odilson Marcos Silvestre ◽

Fernando Bacal ◽

Danusa de Souza Ramos ◽

Jose L. Andrade ◽

Meive Furtado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

End Stage Liver Disease ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

End Stage ◽

And Function

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Development of a semi-automated segmentation tool for high frequency ultrasound image analysis of mouse echocardiograms

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85971-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kristi Powers ◽

Raymond Chang ◽

Justin Torello ◽

Rhonda Silva ◽

Yannick Cadoret ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Automated Analysis ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Short Axis ◽

Pixel Intensity ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

And Function

AbstractEchocardiography is a widely used and clinically translatable imaging modality for the evaluation of cardiac structure and function in preclinical drug discovery and development. Echocardiograms are among the first in vivo diagnostic tools utilized to evaluate the heart due to its relatively low cost, high throughput acquisition, and non-invasive nature; however lengthy manual image analysis, intra- and inter-operator variability, and subjective image analysis presents a challenge for reproducible data generation in preclinical research. To combat the image-processing bottleneck and address both variability and reproducibly challenges, we developed a semi-automated analysis algorithm workflow to analyze long- and short-axis murine left ventricle (LV) ultrasound images. The long-axis B-mode algorithm executes a script protocol that is trained using a reference library of 322 manually segmented LV ultrasound images. The short-axis script was engineered to analyze M-mode ultrasound images in a semi-automated fashion using a pixel intensity evaluation approach, allowing analysts to place two seed-points to triangulate the local maxima of LV wall boundary annotations. Blinded operator evaluation of the semi-automated analysis tool was performed and compared to the current manual segmentation methodology for testing inter- and intra-operator reproducibility at baseline and after a pharmacologic challenge. Comparisons between manual and semi-automatic derivation of LV ejection fraction resulted in a relative difference of 1% for long-axis (B-mode) images and 2.7% for short-axis (M-mode) images. Our semi-automatic workflow approach reduces image analysis time and subjective bias, as well as decreases inter- and intra-operator variability, thereby enhancing throughput and improving data quality for pre-clinical in vivo studies that incorporate cardiac structure and function endpoints.

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The mitral regurgitation effects of cardiac structure and function in left ventricular noncompaction

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84233-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qing Zou ◽

Rong Xu ◽

Xiao Li ◽

Hua-yan Xu ◽

Zhi-gang Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Nyha Class ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Left Ventricular Geometry ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Left Ventricular Noncompaction ◽

Ventricular Noncompaction ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

And Function

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of mitral regurgitation (MR) on cardiac structure and function in left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) patients. The clinical and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) data for 182 patients with noncompaction or hypertrabeculation from three institutes were retrospectively included. We analyzed the difference in left ventricular geometry, cardiac function between LVNC patients with and without MR. The results showed that patients with MR had a worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and a higher incidence of arrhythmia (P < 0.05). MR occurred in 48.2% of LVNC patients. Compared to LVNC patients without MR, the two-dimensional sphericity index, maximum/minimum end-diastolic ratio and longitudinal shortening in LVNC patients with MR were lower (P < 0.05), and the peak longitudinal strain (PLS) of the global and segmental myocardium were obviously reduced (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in strain in LVNC patients with different degree of MR; end diastolic volume, end systolic volume, and global PLS were statistically associated with MR and NYHA class (P < 0.05), but the non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratio had no significant correlation with them. In conclusion, the presence of MR is common in LVNC patients. LVNC patients with MR feature more severe morphological and functional changes. Hypertrabeculation is not an important factor affecting structure and function at the heart failure stage.

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Differences between diabetic and non-diabetic nephropathy patients in cardiac structure and function at the beginning of hemodialysis and their impact on the prediction of mortality

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060521997588 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 030006052199758

Author(s):

Chao Tang ◽

Han Ouyang ◽

Jian Huang ◽

Jing Zhu ◽

Xiaosong Gu

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Peak Velocity ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cardiac Valve ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Prediction Of Mortality ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

Lv Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

And Function

Objectives To characterize differences in cardiac structure and function in hemodialysis (HD) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and in those without using echocardiography and to determine their impact on the prediction of mortality using echocardiographic parameters. Methods Clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic data were collected from patients commencing HD. Results Compared with those without DN, patients with DN had lower peak velocity of the early diastolic wave (e′), larger left atria, and higher peak early diastolic velocity (E)/e′ and peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). In addition, a larger proportion of DN patients had a combination of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, cardiac valve calcification, moderate-to-severe cardiac valve regurgitation (CVR), and at least moderate pericardial effusion (PE). After accounting for age, sex, smoking, hypertension, hemoglobin, and albumin, DN was responsible for e′ < 10 cm/s, E/e′ >13 m/s, TR >2.8 m/s, LV diastolic dysfunction, CVR, and PE. LV diastolic dysfunction and E/e′ >13 were the most useful predictors of mortality in patients with DN. Conclusions Patients with DN who undergo HD tend to have worse LV diastolic function and are more likely to have heart valve problems. LV diastolic dysfunction and E/e′ are predictors of death in DN patients.

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