Long-term dynamics of soil C and N in intensive rice-based cropping systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP): A modelling approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 40-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Shibu ◽  
H. Van Keulen ◽  
P.A. Leffelaar
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Modelling Approach

scholarly journals Linking Cover Crop Residue Quality and Tillage System to CO2-C Emission, Soil C and N Stocks and Crop Yield Based on a Long-Term Experiment

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1848
Author(s):  
Otávio A. Leal ◽  
Telmo J. C. Amado ◽  
Jackson E. Fiorin ◽  
Cristiano Keller ◽  
Geovane B. Reimche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Cover crops (CC), particularly legumes, are key to promote soil carbon (C) sequestration in no-tillage. Nevertheless, the mechanisms regulating this process need further elucidation within a broad comprehensive framework. Therefore, we investigated effects of CC quality: black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) (oat), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) (vetch), and oat + vetch on carbon dioxide-C (CO2-C) emission (124 days) under conventional- (CT), minimum- (MT) and no-tillage (NT) plots from a long-term experiment in Southern Brazil. Half-life time (t1/2) of CC residues and the apparent C balance (ACB) were obtained for CT and NT. We linked our data to long-term (22 years) soil C and nitrogen (N) stocks and crop yield data of our experimental field. Compared to CT, NT increased t1/2 of oat, oat + vetch and vetch by 3.9-, 3.1- and 3-fold, respectively; reduced CO2-C emissions in oat, oat + vetch and vetch by 500, 600 and 642 kg ha−1, respectively; and increased the ACB (influx) in oat + vetch (195%) and vetch (207%). For vetch, CO2-C emission in MT was 77% greater than NT. Legume CC should be preferentially combined with NT to reduce CO2-C emissions and avoid a flush of N into the soil. The legume based-NT system showed the greatest soil C and N sequestration rates, which were significantly and positively related to soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and maize (Zea mays L.) yield. Soil C (0–90 cm depth) and N (0–100 cm depth) sequestration increments of 1 kg ha−1 corresponded to soybean yield increments of 1.2 and 7.4 kg ha−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Trade-offs between the short- and long-term effects of residue quality on soil C and N dynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 338 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Gentile ◽  
Bernard Vanlauwe ◽  
Pauline Chivenge ◽  
Johan Six
Keyword(s):  
Residue Quality ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Dynamics

Impact of land clearing methods and cropping systems on labile soil C and N pools in the humid zone Forest of Nigeria

2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.K. Okore ◽  
H. Tijani-Eniola ◽  
A.A. Agboola ◽  
E.A. Aiyelari
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Humid Zone ◽  
Land Clearing ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Pools

scholarly journals Toward greater sustainability: how investing in soil health may enhance maize productivity in Southern Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Christian Thierfelder ◽  
Eric Paterson ◽  
Lumbani Mwafulirwa ◽  
Tim J Daniell ◽  
Jill E Cairns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Residue Retention

Abstract Climate change and soil fertility decline are major threats to smallholder farmers' food and nutrition security in southern Africa, and cropping systems that improve soil health are needed to address these challenges. Cropping systems that invest in soil organic matter, such as no-tillage (NT) with crop residue retention, have been proposed as potential solutions. However, a key challenge for assessing the sustainability of NT systems is that soil carbon (C) stocks develop over long timescales, and there is an urgent need to identify trajectory indicators of sustainability and crop productivity. Here we examined the effects of NT as compared with conventional tillage without residue retention on relationships between soil characteristics and maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in long-term on-farm and on-station trials in Zimbabwe. Our results show that relationships between soil characteristics and maize productivity, and the effects of management on these relationships, varied with soil type. Total soil nitrogen (N) and C were strong predictors of maize grain yield and above-ground biomass (i.e., stover) in the clayey soils, but not in the sandy soils, under both managements. This highlights context-specific benefits of management that fosters the accumulation of soil C and N stocks. Despite a strong effect of NT management on soil C and N in sandy soils, this accrual was not sufficient to support increased crop productivity in these soils. We suggest that sandy soils should be the priority target of NT with organic resource inputs interventions in southern Africa, as mineral fertilizer inputs alone will not halt the soil fertility decline. This will require a holistic management approach and input of C in various forms (e.g., biomass from cover crops and tree components, crop residues, in combination with mineral fertilizers). Clayey soils on the other hand have greater buffering capacity against detrimental effects of soil tillage and low C input.

scholarly journals Combined Impact of No-Till and Cover Crops with or without Short-Term Water Stress as Revealed by Physicochemical and Microbiological Indicators

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eren Taskin ◽  
Roberta Boselli ◽  
Andrea Fiorini ◽  
Chiara Misci ◽  
Federico Ardenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil C ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Pools

Combining no-till and cover crops (NT + CC) as an alternative to conventional tillage (CT) is generating interest to build-up farming systems’ resilience while promoting climate change adaptation in agriculture. Our field study aimed to assess the impact of long-term NT + CC management and short-term water stress on soil microbial communities, enzymatic activities, and the distribution of C and N within soil aggregates. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) revealed the positive impact of NT + CC on microbial biodiversity, especially under water stress conditions, with the presence of important rhizobacteria (e.g., Bradyrhizobium spp.). An alteration index based on soil enzymes confirmed soil depletion under CT. C and N pools within aggregates showed an enrichment under NT + CC mostly due to C and N-rich large macroaggregates (LM), accounting for 44% and 33% of the total soil C and N. Within LM, C and N pools were associated to microaggregates within macroaggregates (mM), which are beneficial for long-term C and N stabilization in soils. Water stress had detrimental effects on aggregate formation and limited C and N inclusion within aggregates. The microbiological and physicochemical parameters correlation supported the hypothesis that long-term NT + CC is a promising alternative to CT, due to the contribution to soil C and N stabilization while enhancing the biodiversity and enzymes.

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