scholarly journals How does leaf functional diversity affect the light environment in forest canopies? An in-silico biodiversity experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 440 ◽  
pp. 109394
Author(s):  
Elena Plekhanova ◽  
Pascal A. Niklaus ◽  
Jean-Philippe Gastellu-Etchegorry ◽  
Gabriela Schaepman-Strub
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1564-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitry Van der Zande ◽  
Jan Stuckens ◽  
Willem W. Verstraeten ◽  
Bart Muys ◽  
Pol Coppin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Plekhanova ◽  
Pascal A. Niklaus ◽  
Jean-Philippe Gastellu-Etchegorry ◽  
Gabriela Schaepman-Strub

<p><span>Global change is affecting biodiversity, with consequences on carbon, water, and energy fluxes between the atmosphere, vegetation, and soil. The interaction of shortwave radiation with vegetation drives basic processes of the biosphere, such as primary productivity or species interactions through light competition. </span></p><p><span>In our study, we aim to understand the effects of biodiversity on canopy light absorption. We focus on the diversity of three key functional traits that influence the light-canopy interaction: leaf area index, leaf angle distribution and leaf optical properties. Our study is based on the in-silico combination of process-based modelling of radiation (3D radiative transfer model DART) with the well-established design of biodiversity experiments. We used this novel method to study the effects of leaf functional diversity on a light proxy for productivity (the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR)) and net radiation (shortwave albedo). We found that diverse canopies had lower albedo and higher FAPAR than the average of the corresponding monoculture values. In mixtures, FAPAR was unequally re-distributed between trees with distinct leaf traits and the net biodiversity effect on absorptance was greater when combining plant functional types with more distinct traits. Our results support the mechanistic understanding of overyielding effects in functionally diverse canopies and may partially explain some of the growth-promoting mechanisms in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiments. They can further help to account for biodiversity effects in dynamic vegetation and climate models.</span></p><p><span>We would like to present this study in the BG3.22 session, because it 1) contributes to the understanding of fundamental ecosystem functions related to light interaction 2) describes a novel in-silico combination of process-based modelling of radiation with the well-established design of biodiversity experiments.</span></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-408
Author(s):  
Sonam Tulsyan ◽  
Showket Hussain ◽  
Balraj Mittal ◽  
Sundeep Singh Saluja ◽  
Pranay Tanwar ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Nils Lachmann ◽  
Diana Stauch ◽  
Axel Pruß

ZusammenfassungDie Typisierung der humanen Leukozytenantigene (HLA) vor Organ- und hämatopoetischer Stammzelltransplantation zur Beurteilung der Kompatibilität von Spender und Empfänger wird heutzutage in der Regel molekulargenetisch mittels Amplifikation, Hybridisierung oder Sequenzierung durchgeführt. Durch die exponentiell steigende Anzahl an neu entdeckten HLA-Allelen treten vermehrt Mehrdeutigkeiten, sogenannte Ambiguitäten, in der HLA-Typisierung auf, die aufgelöst werden müssen, um zu einem eindeutigen Ergebnis zu gelangen. Mithilfe kategorisierter Allelfrequenzen (häufig, gut dokumentiert und selten) in Form von CWD-Allellisten (CWD: common and well-documented) ist die In-silico-Auflösung von Ambiguitäten durch den Ausschluss seltener Allele als mögliches Ergebnis realisierbar. Ausgehend von einer amerikanischen CWD-Liste existieren derzeit auch eine europäische, deutsche und chinesische CWD-Liste, die jeweils regionale Unterschiede in den Allelfrequenzen erkennbar werden lassen. Durch die Anwendung von CWD-Allelfiltern in der klinischen HLA-Typisierung können Zeit, Kosten und Arbeitskraft eingespart werden.


Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Waltenberger ◽  
D Schuster ◽  
S Paramapojn ◽  
W Gritsanapan ◽  
G Wolber ◽  
...  

Pneumologie ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Berschneider ◽  
D Ellwanger ◽  
C Thiel ◽  
V Stümpflen ◽  
M Königshoff

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