Organic fertilizer effects on growth, crop yield, and soil microbial biomass indices in sole and intercropped peas and oats under organic farming conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramia Jannoura ◽  
Rainer Georg Joergensen ◽  
Christian Bruns
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial

Effects of Different Applying Fertilization Patterns on Soil Microorganisms, Organic Carbon and Respiration Flux in Maize Grown under Ridge Cultivation

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4701-4706
Author(s):  
Yun Xian Dai ◽  
Jing Hui Liu ◽  
Li Jun Li ◽  
Aodungerile Chen ◽  
Li Gang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration

The effects of three different fertilization patterns including single chemical fertilizer(DH), chemical-organic fertilizer(HY), and single organic fertilizer (DY),no fertilizer(CK) on soil microbial biomass, soil organic carbon content, yield and soil respiration flux in ridge cultivation maize fields in the West Liaohe region were studied. The results showed that soil microbial biomass, organic carbon content, yield and soil respiration flux under HY were higher than the rest of other treatments in 2005 and 2006. The varying order of soil microbial total biomass performed as HY>DY>DH>CK on the ridge-tillage maize farmland. The soil total nitrogen concentration, organic carbon concentration and respiration of HY were significantly higher than the rest of other treatments (p HY> DH > CK; the order of biological yield was DH>HY>DY> CK; the order of grain yield was HY>DH>DY> CK and the economic coefficient of HY was the highest in both years.

scholarly journals Crop production under nitrogen starvation conditions: relationships with applied organic matter and soil microbial biomass

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Uchada Sukchan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Starvation Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Background: The application of organic matter with a high C/N ratio is effective for the prevention of soil degradation, although this can cause nitrogen starvation. However, some fields are highly productive under nitrogen-starvation conditions. The underlying mechanisms for this are unclear but the correlation between soil microbial biomass (SMB) and crop yield suggests that nitrogen flows from SMB to crops. We aimed to clarify this flow and the source of nitrogen. Methods: We achieved nitrogen starvation conditions by applying waste mushroom bed and repeated lettuce cropping with different crop management practices, such as watering and fertilizer application. We analyzed correlations among crop yield, SMB, and total soil nitrogen. Results: The order of the lettuce yield stably corresponded with the management practice used. The SMB increased remarkably by the time of the second lettuce cropping and showed a strong correlation with crop yield. The nitrogen from the waste mushroom bed was lost by denitrification within the crop season. The rate of decomposition showed no correlation with yield or SMB. Discussions: The crop yield corresponded with the management practice earlier than SMB. Namely, no nitrogen flow from SMB to crop. Furthermore, most applied nitrogen was denitrified and the rate of decomposition (amount of released nitrogen) not affected yield or SMB, so the nitrogen flows of applied organic matter, SMB, and crops are independent. Therefore, the nitrogen source of both SMB and crops is biological fixation. Conclusions: The correlation between SMB and crop yield is not a causal relationship. The nitrogen source for both is biological nitrogen fixation. The application of organic matter enhances this by occurring nitrogen starvation but not providing a nitrogen source.

scholarly journals Co-evolution hints at soil microbial biomass as the entity of soil fertility

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Yasukazu Hosen ◽  
Uchada Sukchan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Wide Range

Nitrogen (N) and Carbon (C) are popular indicators of soil fertility; however, they are not soil fertility itself. In fact, they may be seen as just two aspects of the one entity. Soil microbial biomass (SMB) is also one of soil fertility indicators; furthermore, recent study of co-evolution between plants and microorganisms raises an idea that SMB might be the entity of fertility. The correlation between SMB and crop yield has been found in some studies but not in others. Those studies were conducted from the standpoint of N stock balance; therefore, the correlation between soil properties before planting and plant yields were analyzed. Here, we show—in our analysis of harvest-time soil properties and crop yields—that SMB correlates more strongly than inorganic N, total N, or total C with average crop yield under a wide range of cultivation conditions. From the viewpoint of co-evolution, plant biomass is a part of the plant and soil microorganism system; therefore, increasing SMB will balance by increasing plant biomass. In addition, the SMB could increase independently from the plant growth by artificial organic matter input. This concept will break through the yield limitation of conventional farming.

scholarly journals Co-evolution hints at soil microbial biomass as the entity of soil fertility

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Oda ◽  
Yasukazu Hosen ◽  
Uchada Sukchan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Wide Range

Nitrogen (N) and Carbon (C) are popular indicators of soil fertility; however, they are not soil fertility itself. In fact, they may be seen as just two aspects of the one entity. Soil microbial biomass (SMB) is also one of soil fertility indicators; furthermore, recent study of co-evolution between plants and microorganisms raises an idea that SMB might be the entity of fertility. The correlation between SMB and crop yield has been found in some studies but not in others. Those studies were conducted from the standpoint of N stock balance; therefore, the correlation between soil properties before planting and plant yields were analyzed. Here, we show—in our analysis of harvest-time soil properties and crop yields—that SMB correlates more strongly than inorganic N, total N, or total C with average crop yield under a wide range of cultivation conditions. From the viewpoint of co-evolution, plant biomass is a part of the plant and soil microorganism system; therefore, increasing SMB will balance by increasing plant biomass. In addition, the SMB could increase independently from the plant growth by artificial organic matter input. This concept will break through the yield limitation of conventional farming.

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