Do Combined Heat and Power plants perform? Case study of publicly funded projects in New York

Energy Policy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 618-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasika Athawale ◽  
Frank A. Felder ◽  
Leo A. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Publicly Funded

The Importance of Proper Scheduling of Energy Equipment in Combined Heat and Power Plants for Buildings: A Case Study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Agami Reddy ◽  
Itzhak Maor
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
Electric Loads

There is increasing interest in using Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems to supply the energy needs in commercial/institutional buildings. However, due to the large diurnal and seasonal variability in building thermal and electric loads, such systems in buildings (BCHP) require more careful and sophisticated operation as compared to those in industrial CHP. Operating such systems consists of two separate issues: (i) equipment scheduling which involves determining which of the numerous equipment combinations to operate, i.e., is concerned with starting or stopping prime movers, boilers and chillers; and (ii) the second and lower level type of control, called supervisory control, which involves determining the optimal values of the control parameters (such as loading of primemovers, boilers and chillers) under a specific combination of equipment schedule. This paper is concerned with both these aspects, and presents case study results of a school under real-time electrical pricing (RTP) located in New York City, NY. A school has been selected for study because of its high diurnal and seasonal load variability. The approach first involved simulating the buildings using a detailed building energy simulation program to obtain hourly electrical and thermal loads which were then used to size the BCHP system components. Subsequently, a certain number of days in the year were identified, and simulation runs were performed for optimal scheduling control as well as for all the feasible (but non-optimal) equipment combinations. The energy and cost implications of operating the BCHP system in a non-optimal manner under various scheduling combinations are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals From Firm Solar Power Forecasts to Firm Solar Power Generation: An Effective Path to Ultra-High Renewable Penetration - A New York Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Perez ◽  
Marc Perez ◽  
Sergey Kivalov ◽  
James Schlemmer ◽  
John Dise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
New York ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Firm Power ◽  
Solar Penetration

We introduce firm solar forecasts as a strategy to operate optimally overbuilt solar power plants in conjunction with optimally sized storage systems so as to make up for any power prediction errors, hence entirely remove load balancing uncertainty emanating from grid-connected solar fleets. A central part of this strategy is plant overbuilding that we term implicit storage. We show that strategy, while economically justifiable on its own account, is an effective entry step to least-cost ultra-high solar penetration where firm power generation will be a prerequisite. We demonstrate that in absence of an implicit storage strategy, ultra-high solar penetration would be vastly more expensive. Using the New York Independent System Operator (NYISO) as a case study, we determine current and future cost of firm forecasts for a comprehensive set of scenarios in each ISO electrical region, comparing centralized vs. decentralized production and assessing load flexibility’s impact. We simulate the growth of the strategy from firm forecast to firm power generation. We conclude that ultra-high solar penetration enabled by the present strategy, whereby solar would firmly supply the entire NYISO load, could be achieved locally at electricity production costs comparable to current NYISO wholesale market prices.

scholarly journals From Firm Solar Power Forecasts to Firm Solar Power Generation an Effective Path to Ultra-High Renewable Penetration a New York Case Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4489
Author(s):  
Richard Perez ◽  
Marc Perez ◽  
James Schlemmer ◽  
John Dise ◽  
Thomas E. Hoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
New York ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Firm Power ◽  
Solar Penetration

We introduce firm solar forecasts as a strategy to operate optimally overbuilt solar power plants in conjunction with optimally sized storage systems so as to make up for any power prediction errors, and hence entirely remove load balancing uncertainty emanating from grid-connected solar fleets. A central part of this strategy is the plant overbuilding that we term implicit storage. We show that strategy, while economically justifiable on its own account, is an effective entry step to achieving least-cost ultra-high solar penetration where firm power generation will be a prerequisite. We demonstrate that in the absence of an implicit storage strategy, ultra-high solar penetration would be vastly more expensive. Using the New York Independent System Operator (NYISO) as a case study, we determine current and future costs of firm forecasts for a comprehensive set of scenarios in each ISO electrical region, comparing centralized vs. decentralized production and assessing load flexibility’s impact. We simulate the growth of the strategy from firm forecast to firm power generation. We conclude that ultra-high solar penetration enabled by the present strategy, whereby solar would firmly supply the entire NYISO load, could be achieved locally at electricity production costs comparable to current NYISO wholesale market prices.

scholarly journals Combined Heat & Power's Role in Modern Grid System

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Power House ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
Power Generation System

The 21st century needs a modern grid to meet increasingly higher standards in grid efficiency, reliability, security, power quality and environmental impact. Conventional coal-fired power plants, as the major electricity power house, are being phased out due to more stringent environmental regulations. However the electricity demand still persists. Combined heat and power (CHP) as a decentralized power generation system can support the transition and formation of the modern grid because of its high efficiency, enhanced system resiliency, improved power quality, reduced cost and carbon emissions, and its fast response complimentary to intermittent renewable energy. A case study was incorporated to demonstrate CHP's indispensable role in a modern grid configuration.

Impacts on New York GHG Emissions From Distributed Combined Heat and Power

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Howard ◽  
Michael Waite ◽  
Vijay Modi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New York State ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
York State ◽  
Building Level

As cities have begun to implement greenhouse gas initiatives, one technology that has become of interest is building level combined heat and power (CHP). In New York City, over two thirds of greenhouse gas emissions are attributed to buildings. As space heating is the major end use of building energy consumption in the Northeast, building level CHP systems have the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions especially since many buildings utilize fuel oil to fire boilers for space heating. While distributed CHP has potential to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, this statement is quite dependent on the current types and efficiencies of generators used to supply electricity. In New York State, approximately 50% of electricity is produced from nuclear and hydro power plants with the majority of the remainder supplied by simple and combined cycle gas turbines. Only 1% of electricity is supplied by less efficient oil power plants. In the current work we seek to determine how the emissions benefits of distributed generation change with increasing penetration of CHP systems (up to 1.58 GW of aggregated capacity) considering the current mix of electricity generation capacity in New York State. The analysis indicates while there are emissions reductions for all scenarios the impact reduces on the order of 400 metric tons per MWe.

Producers' Response to Changes in Prices and Marketing Policies: A Case Study of Sugarcane and Paddy in Eastern U.P. by S. C. Gupta and A. Majid. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1965.

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Mohammad Irshad Khan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
The Other ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Northern India

It is alleged that the agricultural output in poor countries responds very little to movements in prices and costs because of subsistence-oriented produc¬tion and self-produced inputs. The work of Gupta and Majid is concerned with the empirical verification of the responsiveness of farmers to prices and marketing policies in a backward region. The authors' analysis of the respon¬siveness of farmers to economic incentives is based on two sets of data (concern¬ing sugarcane, cash crop, and paddy, subsistence crop) collected from the district of Deoria in Eastern U.P. (Utter Pradesh) a chronically foodgrain deficit region in northern India. In one set, they have aggregate time-series data at district level and, in the other, they have obtained data from a survey of five villages selected from 170 villages around Padrauna town in Deoria.

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