Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of atmospheric particles induced reactive oxygen species in urban areas and the role of water-soluble metals

2015 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmal Kumar Gali ◽  
Fenhuan Yang ◽  
Sabrina Yanan Jiang ◽  
Ka Lok Chan ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Atmospheric Particles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals Development, characterization and application of an improved online reactive oxygen species analyzer based on MARGA

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyan Wu ◽  
Chi Yang ◽  
Chunyan Zhang ◽  
Fang Cao ◽  
Aiping Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Atmospheric Particles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Soluble Ions ◽  
Water Soluble Ions

Abstract. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the human body is an important factor leading to diseases. Therefore, research on the content of reactive oxygen species in atmospheric particles is necessary. In order to more conveniently and accurately detect the content of reactive oxygen in atmospheric particles hour by hour. Here, to modify the instrument, it is added a DTT experimental module that is protected from light and filled with nitrogen at the end, based on the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in ambient Air (MARGA). The experimental study found that the detection limit of the modified instrument is 0.024 nmol min−1. And the accuracy of the online instrument is determined by comparing the online and offline levels of the samples, which yielded good consistency (slope 0.97, R2 = 0.95). It shows that the performance of the instrument is indeed optimized, the instrument is stable, and the characterization of ROS is accurate. Meanwhile, reactive oxygen and inorganic ions in atmospheric particles are quantified using the online technique in the northern suburbs of Nanjing. It is found that the content of ROS during the day is higher than that at night, especially after it rains, ROS peaks appear in the two time periods of 08:00–10:00 and 16:00–18:00. In addition, examination of the online ROS and water-soluble ions (SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, Na+, Ca2+, K+), BC and polluting gases (SO2, CO, O3, NO, NOx) measurements revealed that photo-oxidation and secondary formation processes could be important sources of aerosol ROS. This method breakthrough enables the quantitative assessment of atmospheric particulate matter ROS at the diurnal scale, providing an effective tool to study sources and environmental impacts of ROS.

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Tumor Treatment and its Impact on Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-498
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Chen ◽  
Xingjing Luo ◽  
Zhenyou Zou ◽  
Yong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), an important molecule inducing oxidative stress in organisms, play a key role in tumorigenesis, tumor progression and recurrence. Recent findings on ROS have shown that ROS can be used to treat cancer as they accelerate the death of tumor cells. At present, pro-oxidant drugs that are intended to increase ROS levels of the tumor cells have been widely used in the clinic. However, ROS are a double-edged sword in the treatment of tumors. High levels of ROS induce not only the death of tumor cells but also oxidative damage to normal cells, especially bone marrow hemopoietic cells, which leads to bone marrow suppression and (or) other side effects, weak efficacy of tumor treatment and even threatening patients’ life. How to enhance the killing effect of ROS on tumor cells while avoiding oxidative damage to the normal cells has become an urgent issue. This study is a review of the latest progress in the role of ROS-mediated programmed death in tumor treatment and prevention and treatment of oxidative damage in bone marrow induced by ROS.

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species, Kinases, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Autophagy and Their Impact on Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in the Heart

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Krylatov ◽  
Leonid Maslov ◽  
Sergey Y. Tsibulnikov ◽  
Nikita Voronkov ◽  
Alla Boshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Adaptive Process

: There is considerable evidence in the heart that autophagy in cardiomyocytes is activated by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or in hearts by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Depending upon the experimental model and duration of ischemia, increases in autophagy in this setting maybe beneficial (cardioprotective) or deleterious (exacerbate I/R injury). Aside from the conundrum as to whether or not autophagy is an adaptive process, it is clearly regulated by a number of diverse molecules including reactive oxygen species (ROS), various kinases, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO). The purpose this review is to address briefly the controversy regarding the role of autophagy in this setting and to examine a variety of disparate molecules that are involved in its regulation.

scholarly journals Role of Natural Antioxidants on Neuroprotection and Neuroinflammation

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Domenico Nuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Oxygen Species

All cells continuously generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the respiratory chain during the energy metabolism process [...]

scholarly journals Environmentally persistent free radicals are ubiquitous in wildfire charcoals and remain stable for years

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Sigmund ◽  
Cristina Santín ◽  
Marc Pignitter ◽  
Nathalie Tepe ◽  
Stefan H. Doerr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Pyrogenic Carbon ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractGlobally landscape fires produce about 256 Tg of pyrogenic carbon or charcoal each year. The role of charcoal as a source of environmentally persistent free radicals, which are precursors of potentially harmful reactive oxygen species, is poorly constrained. Here, we analyse 60 charcoal samples collected from 10 wildfires, that include crown as well as surface fires in forest, shrubland and grassland spanning different boreal, temperate, subtropical and tropical climate. Using electron spin resonance spectroscopy, we measure high concentrations of environmentally persistent free radicals in charcoal samples, much higher than those found in soils. Concentrations increased with degree of carbonization and woody fuels favoured higher concentrations. Moreover, environmentally persistent free radicals remained stable for an unexpectedly long time of at least 5 years. We suggest that wildfire charcoal is an important global source of environmentally persistent free radicals, and therefore potentially of harmful reactive oxygen species.

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