scholarly journals GENES TO MENTAL HEALTH (G2MH), HARNESSING RARE DISEASE TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF RARE AND COMMON VARIATION SHAPE PSYCHIATRIC TRAITS/CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. e36-e37
Author(s):  
Sébastien Jacquemont ◽  
Carrie Bearden ◽  
Jacob Vorstman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Common Variation

Detention of In-Patients under Section 5(2) of the Mental Health Act 1983

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Salib ◽  
Boni Iparragirre
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Mental Health Act ◽  
Equal Chance

All applications of s.5(2) of the Mental Health Act 1983, allowing the emergency detention of voluntary in-patients in North Cheshire between 1985 and 1995, were reviewed to examine general trends in its use and to assess variables likely to influence its outcome. Of the 877 applications implemented (4% of all admissions), 500 (57%) were converted to longer-term detention under the Act, 396 (45%) were converted to s.2 and 104 (12%) to s.3. The other 377 (43%) detained patients under s.5(2) regained informal status. The review found that time of application of section, length of hospital stay prior to application, medical officer's grade, use of s.5(4) and clinical diagnosis are best predictors of s.5(2) outcome. The results are similar to other published studies and seem to reflect a national pattern, possibly implying that patients detained under this short-term detention order have an almost equal chance of either regaining their voluntary status or being detained under another section by the end of the 72 hours. This may raise questions about the purpose of s.5(2) as expressed by the Mental Health Act Commission.

Dual Guidance Structure for Evaluation of Patients with Unclear Diagnosis in Centers for Rare Diseases (ZSE-DUO): Study Protocol for a Controlled Multi-center Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Hebestreit ◽  
Cornalia Zeigler ◽  
Christopher Schippers ◽  
Martina de Zwaan ◽  
Jürgen Deckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Time To Diagnosis

Abstract Background In individuals suffering from a rare disease the diagnostic process and the confirmation of a final diagnosis often extends over many years. Factors contributing to delayed diagnosis include health care professionals' limited knowledge of rare diseases and frequent (co-)occurrence of mental disorders that may complicate and delay the diagnostic process. The ZSE-DUO study aims to assess the benefits of a combination of a physician focusing on somatic aspects with a mental health expert working side by side as a tandem in the diagnostic process.Study design This multi-center, prospective controlled study has a two-phase cohort design. Methods Two cohorts of 682 patients each are sequentially recruited from 11 university-based German Centers for Rare Diseases (CRD): the standard care cohort (control, somatic expertise only) and the innovative care cohort (experimental, combined somatic and mental health expertise). Individuals aged 12 years and older presenting with symptoms and signs which are not explained by current diagnoses will be included. Data will be collected prior to (T0) and at the first visit (T1) to the CRD’s outpatient clinic and 12 months thereafter (T2). Outcomes Primary outcome is the percentage of patients with one or more confirmed diagnoses covering the symptomatic spectrum presented. Sample size is calculated to detect a 10 percent increase from 30% in standard care to 40% in the innovative dual expert cohort. Secondary outcomes are a) time to diagnosis/diagnoses explaining the symptomatology; b) proportion of patients successfully referred from CRD to standard care; c) costs of diagnosis including incremental cost effectiveness ratios; d) predictive value of screening instruments administered at T0 to identify patients with mental disorders ; e) patients’ quality of life and evaluation of care; and f) physicians’ satisfaction with the innovative care approach. Conclusions This is the first multi-center study to investigate the effects of a mental health specialist working in tandem with a somatic expert physician in CRDs. If this innovative approach proves successful, it will be made available on a larger scale nationally and promoted internationally. In the best case, ZSE-DUO can significantly shorten the time to diagnosis for a suspected rare disease.

The Role of Critical Theory in the Development of Multicultural Psychology and Counseling

2018 ◽  
pp. 259-281
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Multicultural Psychology ◽  
Mental Health Conditions ◽  
Paolo Freire ◽  
Multicultural Perspective

The discipline of psychology has historically been based upon Western, Eurocentric perspectives on human behavior. Critical theory has played a central role in pushing psychology out from its insularity and perceived objectivity. This chapter examines the role of critical pedagogist Paolo Freire and liberation psychologist Ignacio Martín-Baró in the shaping of a multicultural perspective within psychology that has revolutionized the way that psychologists understand and treat mental health conditions. Freire and Martín-Baró gave voice to the marginalized and disenfranchised and pushed psychologists to engage in their own conscientization of their history and complicitness in perpetuating oppression. Implications of their work are examined in light of their contributions to theoretical underpinnings, clinical diagnosis, and treatment approaches.

scholarly journals Rare diseases and mental health in the UK - a quantitative survey and multi-stakeholder workshop

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Spencer-Tansley ◽  
Nick Meade ◽  
Farhana Ali ◽  
Amy Simpson ◽  
Amy Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Stakeholder Workshop ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Abstract Background: Rare disease patients and carers report significant impacts on mental health but this has not been extensively studied. We explored the experiences of UK-based individuals through an online survey, and offer recommendations for policy and practice developed with a multi-stakeholder workshop.Results: In total 1,355 patients and 571 carers responded to the survey. Due to their rare condition, the majority of respondents had felt worried/anxious (95%); stressed (93%); low/depressed (90%); emotionally exhausted (88%). Thirty-six percent of patients and 19% of carers had had suicidal thoughts. Challenges that are particular to rare conditions and which negatively affect mental health included low knowledge of the condition amongst healthcare professionals (88%), not being believed or taken seriously by healthcare professionals (80%), and lack of available information about the condition (76%). Only 23% of respondents felt mental health was considered by healthcare professionals as equally important as physical health. Almost half of patients (46%) and carers (48%) reported never having been asked about their mental health, or that of the person they care for, by healthcare professionals. Forty-six percent of respondents had received professional psychological support; the most common reason for not having accessed professional psychological support was that it had not been suggested (41%). Fifty-nine percent of respondents had accessed sources of additional emotional support, such as patient groups, with the majority (75%) having found this support themselves. With input from our multi-stakeholder workshop we developed recommendations for healthcare professionals to be supported to effectively and sensitively recognise and address patients’ and carers’ mental health needs; and for service level coordination of care to integrate professional psychological support with rare disease services.Conclusions: Living with a rare disease can substantially impact mental health. Many of the drivers of poor mental health reflect issues specific to managing rare conditions. To meet existing UK government commitments, there should be a focus on empowering healthcare professionals who treat rare disease patients and on integration of mental health support with rare disease services.

scholarly journals Analysis of Separate and Combined Effects of Common Variation in KCNJ11 and PPARG on Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 3629-3637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara K. Hansen ◽  
Eva-Maria D. Nielsen ◽  
Jakob Ek ◽  
Gitte Andersen ◽  
Charlotte Glümer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Common Variation

scholarly journals Combined effects of disease management and food insecurity on physical and mental health in Korean adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Ja Kim ◽  
Kirang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unmet Health Care Needs

AbstractObjective:The present study aimed to examine the combined effects of disease management and food insecurity on physical and mental health in a representative Korean population.Design:A cross-sectional study.Setting:Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2012–2015.Participants:Adults aged ≥30 years (n 17 934) who participated in the KNHANES.Results:Among health-care factors, unmet health-care needs and mental health counselling were different by food insecurity status, with a higher prevalence in adults with food insecurity. The prevalence of underweight was higher in men with food insecurity (5·9 %), whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in women with food insecurity (37·4 %), than that in men and women with food security. Food insecurity was associated with a high risk of all mental health outcomes. For the combined effects of disease management and food insecurity, unmet health-care needs was related to increased risk of obesity for food-insecure men (Pinteraction = 0·029) and lack of participation in nutrition education or counselling was related to increased risk of obesity for food-insecure women (Pinteraction = 0·010). In addition, higher unmet health-care needs in adults with food insecurity was related to higher risk of mental health outcomes.Conclusions:Unmet health-care needs may exacerbate obesity for food-insecure men and mental health problems for both food-insecure men and women. In addition, lack of participation in nutrition education or counselling may exacerbate the obesity for food-insecure women.

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