clinical diagnosis
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Oral Oncology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 105706
Author(s):  
Satya Ranjan Misra ◽  
Namrata Mishra ◽  
Saawan Kumar Satpathy

Author(s):  
Joseph Kirabira ◽  
Godfrey Z Rukundo ◽  
Moses Kibuuka

Objective This study aimed at describing routine electroencephalogram (EEG) findings among children and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy and determines how interictal EEG abnormalities vary with the psychiatric comorbidities. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among children and adolescents with epilepsy aged 5–18 years receiving care from a regional referral hospital in Southwestern Uganda. Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using an adapted parent version of Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5. Thirty-minute EEG samples were taken from routine EEG recordings that were locally performed and remotely interpreted for all participants. Results Of the 140 participants, 71 (50.7%) had normal EEG findings and 51 (36.4%) had epileptiform abnormalities while 18 (12.9%) had non-epileptiform. Of those who had epileptiform abnormalities on EEG, 23 (45.1%) were focal, 26 (51.0%) were generalized, and 2 (3.9%) were focal with bilateral spread. There was no significant association between the different psychiatric comorbidities and the interictal EEG abnormalities. Conclusions Among children and adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy in Southwestern Uganda, only 36% showed epileptiform abnormalities on their EEG recordings. There was no association between the interictal EEG abnormalities and psychiatric comorbidities.


2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Karen Powell

Urological conditions have become increasingly common and early diagnosis is key to achieving better outcomes. This article discusses the importance of having a comprehensive understanding of urological disorders, having the skills to interpret relevant information, and recognising the relationships among given elements to make an appropriate clinical diagnosis.


2022 ◽  
pp. 306-320
Author(s):  
Kavya Jagan ◽  
Peter M. Harris ◽  
Nadia A.S. Smith ◽  
Jarmo Teuho ◽  
Reetta Siekkinen ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abu Qubo ◽  
K. M. Capaccione ◽  
Elana J. Bernstein ◽  
Maria Padilla ◽  
Mary Salvatore

In this article, we describe the role of radiology for diagnosis and follow-up of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (PF-ILD). Patients with PF-ILD are at increased risk for early death without treatment. Clinical diagnosis of PF-ILD has been described in the literature. This manuscript reviews the radiographic diagnosis of PF-ILD and the unique CT characteristics associated with specific types of fibrosis. Ultimately, we believe that radiology has the potential to recognize progression early and thus make an important contribution to the multidisciplinary discussion for this important diagnosis.


2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0010061
Author(s):  
Sebastião Rogério da Silva Neto ◽  
Thomás Tabosa Oliveira ◽  
Igor Vitor Teixeira ◽  
Samuel Benjamin Aguiar de Oliveira ◽  
Vanderson Souza Sampaio ◽  
...  

Background Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) primarily affect the poorest populations, often living in remote, rural areas, urban slums or conflict zones. Arboviruses are a significant NTD category spread by mosquitoes. Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika are three arboviruses that affect a large proportion of the population in Latin and South America. The clinical diagnosis of these arboviral diseases is a difficult task due to the concurrent circulation of several arboviruses which present similar symptoms, inaccurate serologic tests resulting from cross-reaction and co-infection with other arboviruses. Objective The goal of this paper is to present evidence on the state of the art of studies investigating the automatic classification of arboviral diseases to support clinical diagnosis based on Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models. Method We carried out a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) in which Google Scholar was searched to identify key papers on the topic. From an initial 963 records (956 from string-based search and seven from a single backward snowballing procedure), only 15 relevant papers were identified. Results Results show that current research is focused on the binary classification of Dengue, primarily using tree-based ML algorithms. Only one paper was identified using DL. Five papers presented solutions for multi-class problems, covering Dengue (and its variants) and Chikungunya. No papers were identified that investigated models to differentiate between Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika. Conclusions The use of an efficient clinical decision support system for arboviral diseases can improve the quality of the entire clinical process, thus increasing the accuracy of the diagnosis and the associated treatment. It should help physicians in their decision-making process and, consequently, improve the use of resources and the patient’s quality of life.


Orthopedics ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jianhua Ge ◽  
Dechou Zhang ◽  
Zhaolong Xue ◽  
Mengjie Lu ◽  
Yiran Yin ◽  
...  

NANO ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Li ◽  
Shaoxian Yin ◽  
Qisheng Fu ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Yanfei Cai ◽  
...  

Since miR-185 has been identified as a prognostic biomarker to forecast the course of survival and relapse in gastric cancer (GC), quantitative detection of miR-185 features in developing personalized strategies for GC treatment. In this study, a highly sensitive method for miR-185 detection was rationally designed with the characteristic of fluorescent signal amplification and it was based on constructing graphene oxide sensor and utilizing duplex specific nuclease (DSN). In detail, the cleavage of many DNA signal probes was successfully triggered by the miR-185 target which contributed to the target-recycling mechanism. The protocol exhibited a prominent ability to analyze miR-185 in solution, and it can detect miR-185 at different concentrations as low as 476 pM with a linear range of 0–50 nM. Moreover, this method has gained its prominence in distinguishing the target miRNA from various sequences with one to three base mismatches or other miRNAs. Taken together, it presented the prominent potential to be a candidate tool in the field of clinical diagnosis considering its precise and efficient ability to detect miR-185.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Ling Lee ◽  
Jia-Fong Jhang ◽  
Han-Chen Ho ◽  
Yuan-Hong Jiang ◽  
Yuan-Hsiang Hsu ◽  
...  

AbstractDetrusor underactivity (DU) could be resulted from many different etiologies. Patients with DU might have reduced bladder sensation, low detrusor contractility, and large post-void residual volume. This study analyzed therapeutic outcome of active management for male DU patients, based on clinical and urodynamic characteristics. Male DU patients aged > 18 years old were retrospectively reviewed from the videourodynamic study (VUDS) records in recent 10 years. The patients’ demographics, VUDS results, treatment modalities, and treatment outcome were analyzed. The treatment outcomes were compared among patients with different DU subgroups, clinical diagnosis and treatment modalities. Patients with voiding efficiency of > 66.7% were considered having a successful treatment outcome. For comparison, 30 men with normal VUDS finding served as the control arm. Most of the DU patients had reduced bladder sensation. The reduced bladder sensation is closely associated with low detrusor contractility. After active treatment, a successful outcome was achieved in 68.4% of patients after bladder outlet surgery, 59.1% after urethral botulinum toxin A injection, and 57.6% after medical treatment, but only 18.2% after conservative treatment. A successful treatment outcome was achieved in patients with an intact detrusor contractility, either low (69.2%) or normal voiding pressure (81.8%), and in patients with a normal or increased bladder sensation (78.1%). However, patients with detrusor acontractile (41.3%) or absent bladder sensation (17.9%) had less favorable treatment outcome after any kind of urological management. This study revealed that active management can effectively improve voiding efficiency in patients with DU. The normal bladder sensation, presence of adequate detrusor contractility, and bladder outlet narrowing during VUDS provide effective treatment strategy for DU patients. Among all management, BOO surgery provides the best treatment outcome.


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