Genotoxic effects of aluminum chloride in cultured human lymphocytes treated in different phases of cell cycle

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential induction of genotoxic effects of white bean flour using the Comet assay. The test was conducted with human lymphocytes present in whole blood immediately after collection, by incubation with white bean flour in three concentrations (3.92, 9.52 and 18.18 mg/mL) at 37 ºC for 4 h followed by preparation of slides. Samples were considered positive (above 20% damage) when the damage observed to cellular DNA was higher than the negative control. No genotoxic potential was found at the doses tested. However, it would be premature to suggest absence of risk to human health of DNA damage since the exposure of cells to the extract was restricted to four hours rather than a whole cell cycle. Additionally, further information on toxicology should be obtained in future studies.

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Analysis of Delphinidin and Luteolin Genotoxicity in Human Lymphocyte Culture

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.17532/jhsci.2015.248 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 41-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jasmin Ezić ◽

Amina Kugić ◽

Maida Hadžić ◽

Anja Haverić ◽

Kasim Bajrović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Human Lymphocyte ◽

Chromosome Aberrations ◽

Topoisomerase Ii ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Lymphocyte Culture ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Genotoxic Potential

Introduction: Bioflavonoids delphinidin (2-(3,4,5-Trihydroxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol) and luteolin (2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromenone) have been recognized as promising antioxidants and anticancer substances. Due to their extensive use, the goal of the research was to determine whether they have any genotoxic potential in vitro.Methods: Analysis of genotoxic potential was performed applying chromosome aberrations test in human lymphocyte culture, as this kind of research was not conducted abundantly for these two bioflavonoids. Delphinidin and luteolin were dissolved in DMSO and added to cultures in final concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 μM.Results: In human lymphocytes cultures Delphinidin induced PCDs in all treatments, potentially affecting the cell cycle and topoisomerase II activity. In concentration of 50 μM luteolin showed strong genotoxic effects and caused significant reduction of cell proliferation.Conclusion: Luteolin exhibited certain genotoxic and cytostatic potential. Delphinidin was not considered genotoxic, however its impact on mitosis, especially topoisomerase II activity, was revealed.

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Cell Cycle Perturbations and Genotoxic Effects in Human Primary Fibroblasts Induced by Low-energy Protons and X/γ-rays

Journal of Radiation Research ◽

10.1269/jrr.09008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 457-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Antonio ANTOCCIA ◽

Antonella SGURA ◽

Francesco BERARDINELLI ◽

Maria CAVINATO ◽

Roberto CHERUBINI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Low Energy ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Primary Fibroblasts ◽

Γ Rays

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Inhibition of human lymphocyte proliferation by monoclonal antibody to transferrin receptor

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v62.4.821.821 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 821-826 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

J Mendelsohn ◽

I Trowbridge ◽

J Castagnola

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽

S Phase ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Mitogenic Response ◽

Cell Cycle Inhibition ◽

Partial Reversal

Abstract A monoclonal antibody, 42/6, which blocks the binding of transferrin to its receptor on the cell membrane, inhibits proliferation of human lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin. Anti-receptor antibody B3/25, which does not block transferrin binding, does not alter the mitogenic response. Addition of soluble iron, in the form of ferric nitrilotriacetic acid, results in partial reversal of inhibition. Lymphocytes in the quiescent phase of the cell cycle at the time of 42/6 antibody addition are unable to traverse S phase, whereas cells actively proliferating when antibody is added are sensitive to its inhibitory effects throughout all phases of the cell cycle. Inhibition is static rather than cidal, since it can be reversed by removal of antibody after up to 48 hr of exposure.

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The Cell-Cycle Regulatory Protein p21CIP1/WAF1 Is Required for Cytolethal Distending Toxin (Cdt)-Induced Apoptosis

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9010038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bruce J. Shenker ◽

Lisa M. Walker ◽

Ali Zekavat ◽

Robert H. Weiss ◽

Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Regulatory Protein ◽

Cytolethal Distending Toxin ◽

The Novel ◽

Cell Cycle Regulatory Protein ◽

Cycle Arrest ◽

Induced Apoptosis ◽

Hsp 90 ◽

Lymphoid Cell Lines

The Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) induces lymphocytes to undergo cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis; toxicity is dependent upon the active Cdt subunit, CdtB. We now demonstrate that p21CIP1/WAF1 is critical to Cdt-induced apoptosis. Cdt induces increases in the levels of p21CIP1/WAF1 in lymphoid cell lines, Jurkat and MyLa, and in primary human lymphocytes. These increases were dependent upon CdtB’s ability to function as a phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase. It is noteworthy that Cdt-induced increases in the levels of p21CIP1/WAF1 were accompanied by a significant decline in the levels of phosphorylated p21CIP1/WAF1. The significance of Cdt-induced p21CIP1/WAF1 increase was assessed by preventing these changes with a two-pronged approach; pre-incubation with the novel p21CIP1/WAF1 inhibitor, UC2288, and development of a p21CIP1/WAF1-deficient cell line (Jurkatp21−) using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/cas9 gene editing. UC2288 blocked toxin-induced increases in p21CIP1/WAF1, and JurkatWT cells treated with this inhibitor exhibited reduced susceptibility to Cdt-induced apoptosis. Likewise, Jurkatp21− cells failed to undergo toxin-induced apoptosis. The linkage between Cdt, p21CIP1/WAF1, and apoptosis was further established by demonstrating that Cdt-induced increases in levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bid, Bax, and Bak were dependent upon p21CIP1/WAF1 as these changes were not observed in Jurkatp21− cells. Finally, we determined that the p21CIP1/WAF1 increases were dependent upon toxin-induced increases in the level and activity of the chaperone heat shock protein (HSP) 90. We propose that p21CIP1/WAF1 plays a key pro-apoptotic role in mediating Cdt-induced toxicity.

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Extracts affecting mitotic division in root-tip meristematic cells

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-008-0108-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Greice Lubini ◽

Juliana Fachinetto ◽

Haywood Laughinghouse ◽

Juçara Paranhos ◽

Antonio Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Mitotic Index ◽

Mitotic Division ◽

Root Tip ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Female Reproductive System ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Antiproliferative Effects ◽

Ethanol Acetic Acid ◽

Allium Cepa L

AbstractSome species of Psychotria (Rubiaceae) are important in herbal medicine, where their extracts are used internally for infections of the female reproductive system, bronchitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, skin irritations, tumors, ulcers, and eye disturbances. The antiproliferative and genotoxic effects of Psychotria myriantha Mull. Arg. and P. leiocarpa Cham. et Schlecht infusions on the Allium cepa L. cell cycle were evaluated. The teas were prepared by infusing the leaves in distilled water, in two concentrations: 1.13 mg/mL and 6.78 mg/mL. Three groups of four bulbs were used for each Psychotria species. After the bulbs rooted in distilled water, they were transferred to the teas for 24 hours, except for the control that stayed in water. The rootlets were then collected, fixed in ethanol-acetic acid (3:1) for 24 hours, and stored in 70% ethanol. For each group of bulbs, 4000 cells were analyzed, calculating the mitotic indexes, submitting them to statistic analysis, using the χ 2 test (p = 0.05). The results showed a decrease in mitotic index with an increase in tea concentration in both species. In P. leiocarpa, the mitotic index values differed significantly between the control and concentration of 6.78 mg/mL (χ 2 = 9.863). For P. myriantha, the values referring to the mitotic index differed greatly between the control and the treatments (χ 2 = 124.8). With this study, it was determined that P. myriantha and P. leiocarpa infusions possess antiproliferative effects on the A. cepa cell cycle, and teas of P. myriantha also have genotoxic activity.

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