Erratum to: “The maximum ceiling gas temperature in a large tunnel fire” [Fire Saf. J. 48 (2012) 38–48]

Major tunnel fires can have catastrophic consequences, including loss of life, property damage, and long-term service disruptions. The rapid rise of gas temperature in excess of 1,000°C (1,832°F) inside a confined tunnel space as well as long fire duration because of limited emergency responder access necessitate special design considerations when evaluating the structural response to fire. Although tunnel stability is not challenged in most cases, severe damage to the concrete lining is observed after major fire events. This paper provides a detailed review of assessment methodologies and techniques of fire damage in concrete tunnel linings, including guidance on the determination of fire scenarios, concrete spalling, and tunnel safety from existing codes and guidelines, experiments, and numerical models. Based on the review, the need to develop relevant guidelines is emphasized, the knowledge gaps in the existing research are identified, and future research directions are proposed.

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Experimental investigation on maximum gas temperature beneath the ceiling in a branched tunnel fire

International Journal of Thermal Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2019.105997 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 145 ◽

pp. 105997 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Youbo Huang ◽

Yanfeng Li ◽

Junmei Li ◽

Jiaxin Li ◽

Ke Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Tunnel Fire

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Recovering waste energy of the combined gas turbine system using paraffin melting

JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES ◽

10.15282/jmes.14.4.2020.15.0589 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 7481-7497

Author(s):

Yousef Najjar ◽

Abdelrahman Irbai

Keyword(s):

Melting Process ◽

Payback Period ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Raw Material ◽

Heat Transfer Fluid ◽

Layered System ◽

Exhaust Gas ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Power Cycle ◽

Waste Energy

This work covers waste energy utilization of the combined power cycle by using it in the candle raw material (paraffin) melting process and an economic study for this process. After a partial utilization of the burned fuel energy in a real bottoming steam power generation, the exhaust gas contains 0.033 of the initially burned energy. This tail energy with about 128 ºC is partly driven in the heat exchanger of the paraffin melting system. Ansys-Fluent Software was used to study the paraffin wax melting process by using a layered system that utilizes an increased interface area between the heat transfer fluid (HTF) and the phase change material (PCM) to improve the paraffin melting process. The results indicate that using 47.35 kg/s, which is 5% of the entire exhaust gas (881.33 kg/s) from the exit of the combined power cycle, would be enough for producing 1100 tons per month, which corresponds to the production quantity by real candle's factories. Also, 63% of the LPG cost will be saved, and the payback period of the melting system is 2.4 years. Moreover, as the exhaust gas temperature increases, the consumed power and the payback period will decrease.

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Radial model of gas temperature in metal vapor active media

Оптика атмосферы и океана ◽

10.15372/aoo20181211 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Metal Vapor ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Active Media ◽

Radial Model

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