Improving the low temperature flow properties of palm oil biodiesel: Addition of cold flow improver

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengmei Lv ◽  
Yufeng Cheng ◽  
Lingmei Yang ◽  
Zhenhong Yuan ◽  
Huiwen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Flow Improver ◽  
Palm Oil Biodiesel

Improvement of Low Temperature Properties of Jatropha-Corn Biodiesel Blend with the Addition of Acrylic Co-Polymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2480-2483
Author(s):  
Ho May Yun ◽  
Junaid Ahmad ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Ruzaimah Nik Mohammad Kamil ◽  
Vui Soon Chok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Flow Improver

Inevitable low temperature properties is one of the major problems in commercialization of pure biodiesel. Increasing the usage of edible oil in biodiesel production creates the fuel versus food controversy. This paper involves the study of cold flow properties of edible and non-edible oils biodiesel. Corn biodiesel and jatropha biodiesel are blended respectively. The blend ratio of corn methyl ester and jatropha methyl ester CME: JME (20:80) has the oxidative stability of 6.42 hours and cold filter plugging point value of-2 oC. An additive of acrylic co-polymer as the cold flow improver (CFI) reduced the CFPP value from-2 oC to-6 oC which results in better low temperature properties of corn-jatropha biodiesel blend.

scholarly journals Improvement of low-temperature characteristics of biodiesel by additivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Tasic ◽  
Milan Tomic ◽  
Aleksandra Aleksic ◽  
Natasa Djurisic-Mladenovic ◽  
Ferenc Martinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Temperature Characteristics ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Biodiesel Quality

In manipulation and utilization of biodiesel and its mixtures, especially in the winter period, one of the most serious problems is relatively poor low-temperature flow properties. Classic methods of transesterification solve this problem, so biodiesel quality can be improved only by additives (cold flow improvers). This research examines the effect of commercial additives on the improvement of low-temperature characteristics of biodiesel. Namely, cold filter plugging point (CFPP), pour point (PP) and cloud point (CP) were tested in accordance with EN 116 and ISO 3015 standards. The influence of additives on different types of biodiesel, its different age and influence on the mixture of 5 % biodiesel and fossil diesel were examined. A better effect of additivation to "fresh" biodiesel (made using rapeseed oil), compared to "aged" biodiesel was noted. Improvement of additivation was achieved by mixing additives with an organic solvent (toluene). It was demonstrated that different types of additives are suitable for different types of biodiesel as well as mixtures of biodiesel and fossil diesel. Additives in which solvent is compatible with the type of biodiesel were found to exhibit better performance.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemical Blends on Palm Oil Methyl Esters’ Cold Flow Properties and Fuel Characteristics

Energies ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 4364-4380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obed Ali ◽  
Talal Yusaf ◽  
Rizalman Mamat ◽  
Nik Abdullah ◽  
Abdul Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Fuel Characteristics

Study on Cold Flow Properties of Waste Cooking Methyl Ester

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
Guang Wu ◽  
Jia Hui Shong ◽  
Shen Tao Xu ◽  
Yong Bin Lai ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Flow Improver

The chemical compositions of waste cooking methyl ester (WCME) were analyzed by GC-MS, and the cold flow properties of WCME were studied by cold filer plugging point tester and viscosity tester. Through blending with petrodiesel and adding cold flow improver (CFI), the cold flow properties of WCME were improved efficiently. The study shows that WCME was mainly composed of saturated fatty acid methyl ester (SFAME) and unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (UFAME), and contents of SFAME and UFAME were 27.63 and 71.81 w%, respectively. The cold filer plugging point (CFPP) of WCME was 0 °C, and the viscosity of it was 4.41 mm2·s-1 at 40 °C. Blending with 0 petrodiesel (0PD) and-10 petrodiesel (-10PD) decreased the CFPP of WCME to-4 °C and-13 °C, respectively. Meanwhile with WCME blending ratio increasing the viscosities of blending oils increased at the same temperature, and the viscosities increased gradually when the temperature decreased. Treating with CFI could significantly reduce the CFPP of blending oils which were composed of WCME and petrodiesel. The viscosities of blending oils with adding CFI were slightly higher than those with out CFI.

Experimental Investigations on Lubricity and Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnanand V. Bhale ◽  
Nishikant V. Deshpande ◽  
Shashikant B. Thombre
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Fuel Pump ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Ci Engines ◽  
Flow Improver

The desirability of developing biodiesel from different tree born oil seeds and decreasing the dependency on petroleum based fuels has been discussed by many over the last few decades. However some of the important issues of biodiesel like lubricity, low temperature flow characteristic, material compatibility have not been sufficiently investigated. In this paper, an attempt has been made to explore the lubricity and cold flow properties of biodiesel separately based on the experimental results. These two properties though may not be related with each other but plays significant role towards the long term acceptability of biodiesel in an existing CI engine. For biodiesel, the lubricity parameter is important to evaluate in the context of recent advent of ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (<10 ppm sulfur in Europe) which has raised the concern over the ability of these fuels to sufficiently lubricate diesel engine components in fuel injection system. In the very specific case of biodiesel, the lubricity could be defined as its ability to minimize or completely prevent wear in fuel pumps and injectors. Also, the biodiesel fuels derived from fats or oils with significant amounts of saturated fatty compounds will display higher cloud points and pour points which questions the pumping and injecting of these biodiesel in CI engines under cold climates. The lubricity of Jatropha Oil Methyl Ester, one of the potential specie for India is explored by evaluating the wear characteristics of plunger and barrel of CI engine fuel pump using bench test. Fuel pump plunger test specimen was made of mild steel pin and the rotating disc indicative of barrel in fuel pump was made from EN-31. Several tests were conducted on pin on disc machine using biodiesel for specific wear rate and friction characteristic to establish its lubricity. Results indicated that biodiesel from Jatropha has better lubricity over diesel fuel and has lower specific wear rate over diesel. The cold flow properties of biodiesel were evaluated with and without pour point depressant towards the objective of identifying the pumping and injecting of these biodiesel in CI engines under cold climates. Four different biodiesel were tested to identify the effect of cold flow improver on cloud and pour points. Ethanol has been considered as a cold flow improver in the present investigations. Effect of ethanol on cold flow behavior of this biodiesel was studied. A considerable reduction in pour point has been noticed.

scholarly journals Evaluation and enhancement of cold flow properties of palm oil and its biodiesel

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puneet Verma ◽  
M.P. Sharma ◽  
Gaurav Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties

scholarly journals Synthesis and elaboration of modified comb type (maleic anhydride-α-tetradecene) copolymers for cold flow improvers of biodiesel

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Mai Thi Tuyet Phan ◽  
◽  
Boi Van Luu ◽  
Lan Ngoc Pham ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Free Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Palm Oil Biodiesel

The maleic anhydride-α-tetradecene copolymer (OMAC) with an approximate relative maleic anhydride to α-tetradecene composition ratio of 1:1.2 was synthesized by free radical copolymerization. The copolymers were modified by the esterification reaction between the anhydride groups and the OH- group of hexadecanol. Comb-type (-maleic acid cetyl ester-co-α-tetradecene-) copolymers (MCEC) with various ratios of alkyl group/carboxyl group (r) were investigated. Upon cooling, the MCEC changed the crystallization state of the wax crystals, and reduced the pour point of the biodiesel, which was observed by pour point and dynamic viscosity testing. The MCEC efficiency that improved the cold flow properties of the biodiesel was found to be correlated to r. MCEC with r=2.76 was found to be the most effective in improving the flow ability of the palm oil biodiesel. Our study demonstrates the ability of MCEC3 at 1000 ppm concentration to reduce the pour point of palm oil biodiesel to 10.5oC and the dynamic viscosity up to 1.04 mPa.s. A correlation was found between the number and the length of the pendant alkyl groups of additives and the compositions of the fatty acid methyl ester of the biodiesel.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties Enhancement of Biodiesel Synthesis from Various Feedstocks of Waste/Residential Vegetable Oils and Palm Oil

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4928
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Çamur ◽  
Ebaa Alassi
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Low Sulfur

The main aim of the present study was to improve the oxidation stability and cold flow properties of biodiesel produced from waste frying/cooking oil and palm oil. In this work, waste frying/cooking methyl ester (WFME) and palm methyl ester (PME) were prepared using an alkali-catalyzed transesterification process, and the physicochemical properties of the pure biodiesel as well as of binary blends among them were investigated. The results indicated that palm biodiesel and WFME18, produced from a mixture of frying, cooking, sunflower, and corn oils, can be used as antioxidant additives, enhancing biodiesel stability. Additionally, it was found that WFME1 and WFME12 derived from waste residential canola oil can be used as cold flow improvers for enhancing the cold flow properties of palm biodiesel. Moreover, ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel winter (ULSDFW), ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel summer (ULSDFS), kerosene (KF), and benzene (BF) were utilized to enhance the cold flow properties of the samples and meet the requirements of diesel fuel standards. The investigation of the experimental results indicated that blending WFME-PM with a low proportion of petroleum-based fuel (KF and BF) could significantly improve the cold flow properties (CP and PP) as well as oxidation stability of WFME.

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