Forest buffers soil temperature and postpones soil thaw as indicated by a three-year large-scale soil temperature monitoring in the forest-steppe ecotone in Inner Asia

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozheng Hu ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Oleg A. Anenkhonov ◽  
Andrey Yu. Korolyuk ◽  
Denis V. Sandanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Temperature Monitoring ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Inner Asia

Classification of woody-shrub vegetation of the forest-steppe complex of Privolzhskaya Upland

2009 ◽  
pp. 27-53
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Kudryavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Vegetation Mapping ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Mapping Data

Diversity of plant communities in the nature reserve “Privolzhskaya Forest-Steppe”, Ostrovtsovsky area, is analyzed on the basis of the large-scale vegetation mapping data from 2000. The plant community classi­fication based on the Russian ecologic-phytocoenotic approach is carried out. 12 plant formations and 21 associations are distinguished according to dominant species and a combination of ecologic-phytocoenotic groups of species. A list of vegetation classification units as well as the characteristics of theshrub and woody communities are given in this paper.

scholarly journals The spatial-and-temporal differentiation of the soil temperature and its influence on vegetation in the exposure-related forest-steppe of Transbaikalia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Anenkhonov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Sandanov ◽  
A.A. Zverev ◽  
A.Yu. Korolyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Temporal Differentiation ◽  
Key Sites

The long-term soil temperature monitoring in the area of more than 550 km in length within the region of Transbaikalia has been carried out. Sites for the monitoring were represented by the forest-steppe vegetation of different ecotopological and ecogeographical patterns. It was revealed that the dynamics of temperature regimens are highly synchronized reflecting the macroclimatic unity of the region. The sufficiently higher heat supply on the southerly exposed slopes comparing to northerly exposed ones was demonstrated. The distinctness between soil temperature regimens in different sites was revealed and attributed to the size of forested patches within the forest-steppe landscape, as well as discrepancies between eco-geographical features of sites along the sublatitudinal gradient. Differences between the vegetation types that occurred on the northern and southern slopes as well as between key sites scattered throughout the region were underlined. These differences are suggested to be connected with the spatial differentiation of the soil temperature. It was established that vegetation on the southern slopes is relatively more homogeneous being related to the single class Cleistogenetea squarrosae, while on the northern slopes plant communities related to three classes were developed, namely steppe class Cleistogenetea squarrosae, and two forest classes – Rhytidio-Laricetea and Vaccinio-Piceetea.

scholarly journals Fluxo de calor no solo modelado a partir de dados de temperatura em dois níveis de profundidade em uma floresta tropical na Amazônia Ocidental

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Antônio Vinicius do Prado Rodrigues ◽  
Nelma Tavares Dias Soares ◽  
Renata Gonçalves Aguiar ◽  
Alberto Dresch Webler ◽  
Bruno Soares de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Soil Heat Flux ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Biological Reserve

The global climate is dependent of ecological balance of forests, especially tropical. The heat flux in the soil is an important factor in studies of energy balance representing the main form of energy exchange between soil and atmosphere. The aim of the present work was to estimate soil heat flux using soil temperature measurements at two depth levels in a tropical forest in the Western Amazon, in order to obtain coherent data for both the use of the values and for the filling of failures in database. Had been used data on temperature and soil heat flux collected in a micrometeorological tower belonging to the towers network of the Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Program in the Amazon, located in the Jaru Biological Reserve. The estimated data presented 94% agreement with the measured data, the two have similar behaviors that allow the use in filling of failures in a demonstrative way. However, there is a delay in the estimated values of the heat flux in the soil in relation to the measured one, which interferes in the result of the model, provoking more studies to improve it.

scholarly journals Organization of land use of territory of village of councils based on the landscape

2016 ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Fedir Kiptach ◽  
Iryna Koynova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Total Community

The large-scale landscape maps necessity in developing projects and proposals for agriculture, forestry land-use and erosion protection were justified. Natural conditions of land-use in Nova Syniava community in Stara Syniava district in Khmelnytskyi region were described and analyses of land structure were made. Accordingly, land structure is characterized by ecologically destabilizing lands, including arable lands, lands that were withdrawn from agriculture production and forestry (outbuildings, houses, roads, open-casts, exterior use lands) are prevailing. They cover 80,6 % (in particular, arable lands – 71,8 %) of total community lands. And, vice versa, ecologically stabilizing lands (gardens, pastures, grasslands, shrubs, forest belts, forests, swamps, water covered lands) cover a small percentage – 19,4 of total research area. Therefore, erosive soils cover a significant percentage – 51,3 % of total area. Soil erosion caused decreasing of soil fertility and yields of agriculture. The average weighted losses of humus in arable horizon of soils (0–30 cm) compared with full-profile standard analogues are 0,5–0,6 %. First step of developing sustainable ecological landscape systems were justified by using a principle of land resource restoration and strengthening of their self-regulation through increasing the area of ecologically stabilized lands by low productivity lands and by their location with taking into consideration a complex morphological structure of landscape systems. Landscape systems of research area were classified by genesis and type of their economic use. Arable lands should cover no more than 52,4 % of the total community area. In particular, 16,1 % is recommended to use for field grain-steam tilled crop rotations and cultivating all agriculture crops of this zone by using intensive agriculture systems and the widespread introduction of their ecological links; 27,9 % is recommended to use for field grain-steam tilled crop rotations and cultivating all agriculture crops of this zone by using ecological systems of agriculture provided soil cultivation, sowing and caring for crops according to the elevation line directions. 8,4% is recommended to use for field grain-grass or grass-grain soil protected crop rotations with total exclusion of row crops. 38,8 % of total community land area should be covered by perennial plants (6,6 %), grasslands (17,0 %), shrubs and forest belts (0,31 %), forests (11,7 %), swamps (1,09 %), lands covered by water (1,2 %). Other 8,8 % are covered by outbuildings and houses (1,2 %), roads (2,0 %), opencasts (0,8 %) and exterior use lands (4,8 %). Key words: forest steppe, landscape systems, land-use, lands, crop rotations.

scholarly journals Soil cover patterns in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the East European Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-210
Author(s):  
Nikolay Khitrov ◽  
Maria Smirnova ◽  
Nikolai Lozbenev ◽  
Ekaterina Levchenko ◽  
Vasiliy Gribov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
East European ◽  
The North ◽  
Haplic Chernozems

Abstract The soil cover of the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the East European Plain is characterized by diverse soil combinations revealed during large-scale and detailed soil mapping against the background of a traditional zonal sequence of dominant automorphic soils alternating from the north to the south and clearly displayed on small-scale soil maps. The composition, configuration and functioning of particular soil cover patterns are determined by the soil forming factors acting within a given area. The elementary soil areas (detailed scale) and elementary soil cover patterns maps (large scale) of the Central Russian, Kalach, and Volga Uplands are created by both traditional and digital soil mapping methods. Low-contrasting soil combinations with the background Haplic Chernozems (Loamic or Clayic, Pachic) alternating with zooturbated Haplic Chernozems (Loamic or Clayic, Pachic) on convex elements of the microtopography and Luvic Chernozems (Loamic or Clayic, Pachic) on concave elements of the microtopography prevails under conditions of thick clay loamy parent materials and free drainage. Under conditions of shallow embedding by low-permeable clayey sediments, the soil cover includes Chernozems or Chernic Phaeozems with stagnic features in some part of the soil profile or even Mollic Stagnosols. The presence of shrink-swell clays of different ages leads to the formation of Bathyvertic Chernozems, Vertic Chernozems, Vertic Chernic Phaeozems and/or Pellic Vertisols. The presence of soluble salts in the parent material leads to the development of solonetzic soil complexes consisting of Protosodic or Sodic Chernozems and different types of Solonetzes.

Festulolium seed productivity as affected by seeding technique and rate in the forest-steppe of the Central Non-Chernozem region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Образцов ◽  
Д. Щедрина ◽  
С. Кадыров
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
High Plant Density

В Центральном Черноземье большая часть кормов производится на пашне. В связи с этим эффективность животноводства зависит от стабильного обеспечения животных качественными и недорогими кормами. Наиболее доступными кормами являются многолетние травы. Внедрение новых видов и сортов нетрадиционных кормовых трав с улучшенными хозяйственно полезными признаками является важным резервом для кормопроизводства. Межродовой гибрид фестулолиум ценная кормовая культура для полевого и лугового травосеяния, которую можно использовать на зелёный корм, сено, силос, сенаж, а также при создании культурных сенокосов и пастбищ. В связи с этим для более широкого внедрения в производство требуется научная разработка приёмов возделывания, обеспечивающих получение высоких и устойчивых урожаев семян. Важными элементами технологии возделывания фестулолиума на семена являются норма высева семян и способ посева. В представленных исследованиях, проведённых в 20062009 годах, изучены биологические особенности и семенная продуктивность при использовании разных норм высева и обычного и черезрядного способов посева. По результатам проведённых исследований можно отметить, что посев фестулолиума рядовым (15 см) или черезрядным (30 см) способами с нормой высева 6,0 кг/га позволяет сформировать разреженный слабополегающий травостой. Ассимиляционный аппарат фестулолиума наиболее продуктивно ассимилировал при обычном и черезрядном способах посева с нормами высева 6,0 и 9,0 кг/га, о чём свидетельствует максимальное значение фотосинтетического потенциала 10291090 тыс. м2сут/га. Чрезмерное загущение посевов (до 12,0 кг/га) отрицательно сказалось на элементах структуры урожая, привело к полеганию растений, уменьшению их продуктивности. Установлено, что максимальная семенная продуктивность фестулолиума получена в травостоях с нормой высева 6,0 кг/га и густотой стояния 130133 шт./м2: при рядовом способе посева урожай семян в среднем за 3 года составил 604,3 кг/га, а при черезрядном 652,3 кг/га. In the Central Non-Chernozem region the greatest part of forage comes from grasslands. Stable production of high-quality and low-cost feeds is a key to effective Animal Husbandry. Perennial grasses are the most popular source of fodder. Introduction of new unconventional genotypes of such grasses carrying improved economically important traits is crucial for forage production. Festulolium intergeneric hybrid is a valuable crop that can be used to produce green forage, hay, silage, haylage as well as to maintain pastures and grasslands. Its large-scale cultivation requires new techniques providing high and stable yield. Seeding rate and pattern significantly affect festulolium performance. This paper reports on festulolium biological parameters and seed productivity analyzed in 20062009. Row and skip-row planting patterns as well as the seeding rate of 6.0 kg ha-1 resulted in sparse lodging-resistant swards. Seeding rates of 6.0 and 9.0 kg ha-1 provided the highest photosynthetic potential 10291090 thousand m2days ha-1. High plant density (up to 12.0 kg ha-1) negatively affected festulolium performance and led to lodging. The seeding rate of 6.0 kg ha-1 and festulolium density of 130133 plants/m2 resulted in the highest seed productivity: 604.3 and 652.3 kg ha-1 under row and skip-row planting patterns, respectively.

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