Subcellular localization of the fatty acyl reductase involved in pheromone biosynthesis in the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 510-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa K. Hagström ◽  
Andrea Walther ◽  
Jürgen Wendland ◽  
Christer Löfstedt
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acyl Reductase

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Ostrinia furnacalis Female Pheromone Gland: Esters Biosynthesis and Requirement for Mating Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangyan Yao ◽  
Shuai Zhou ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Xiaoguang Liu ◽  
Wenli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Pheromone Biosynthesis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Ostrinia Furnacalis ◽  
Sex Pheromone Biosynthesis ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
Fatty Acyl Reductase

Female moths use sex pheromones to attract males, and corresponding regulatory mechanism underlying sex pheromone biosynthesis is species-dependent. However, the detailed mechanism involved in sex pheromone biosynthesis in Ostrinia furnacalis has not yet been fully addressed. In the present study, transcriptome sequencing of O. furnacalis pheromone glands screened a serials of candidate genes involved in sex pheromone biosynthesis. Our analysis showed that sex pheromone release in O. furnacalis females arrives its peak at the 2nd scotophase, consistent with its mating behavior. Pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) was confirmed to regulate sex pheromone biosynthesis, and Ca2+ is the secondary messenger of PBAN signaling in O. furnacalis. The functional analysis of candidate genes demonstrated that the decreased mRNA levels or activities of calcineurin (CaN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) led to significant decrease in sex pheromone production and female capability to attract males, as demonstrated by RNAi-mediated knockdown and pharmacological inhibitor assay. Most importantly, the activities of CaN and ACC depend on the activation of PBAN/PBANR/Ca2+. Furthermore, fatty-acyl reductase 14 was involved in PBAN-mediated sex pheromone biosynthesis. Altogether, our results demonstrated that PBAN regulates sex pheromone biosynthesis through PBANR/Ca2+/CaN/ACC pathway to promote sex pheromone biosynthesis in O. furnacalis and provided a reference for non-model organism to study neuropeptide signal transduction.

scholarly journals Expansion of the fatty acyl reductase gene family shaped pheromone communication in Hymenoptera

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Tupec ◽  
Aleš Buček ◽  
Heiko Vogel ◽  
Václav Janoušek ◽  
Darina Prchalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Pheromone Communication ◽  
Marking Pheromone ◽  
Fatty Acyl Reductase

AbstractThe conserved fatty acyl reductase (FAR) family is involved in biosynthesis of fatty alcohols that serve a range of biological roles. In moths, butterflies (Lepidoptera), and bees (Hymenoptera), FARs biosynthesize fatty alcohol pheromones participating in mate-finding strategies. Using a combination of next-generation sequencing, analysis of transposable elements (TE) in the genomic environment of FAR genes, and functional characterization of FARs from Bombus lucorum, B. lapidarius, and B. terrestris, we uncovered a massive expansion of the FAR gene family in Hymenoptera, presumably facilitated by TEs. Expansion occurred in the common ancestor of bumblebees (Bombini) and stingless bees (Meliponini) after their divergence from the honeybee lineage. We found that FARs from the expanded FAR-A orthology group contributed to the species-specific male marking pheromone composition. Our results indicate that TE-mediated expansion and functional diversification of the FAR gene family played a key role in the evolution of pheromone communication in the crown group of Hymenoptera.AbbreviationsMMP: male marking pheromone, FA: fatty acid, FAME: fatty acid methyl ester, FAR: fatty acyl reductase, LG: labial gland, FB: fat body, TE: transposable element.

scholarly journals Ecdysteroidogenesis in Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Recombinant Prothoracicotropic Hormone and Brain Extract Show Comparable Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Nardiello ◽  
Rosanna Salvia ◽  
Andrea Scala ◽  
Carmen Scieuzo ◽  
Sabino Aurelio Bufo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heliothis Virescens ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Prothoracic Gland ◽  
Tobacco Budworm ◽  
Brain Extract ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Prothoracicotropic Hormone ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) is a neuropeptide that triggers a cascade of events within the prothoracic gland (PG) cells, leading to the activation of all the crucial enzymes involved in ecdysone biosynthesis, the main insect steroid hormone. Studies concerning ecdysteroidogenesis predicted PTTH action using brain extract (BE), consisting in a complex mixture in which some components positively or negatively interfere with PTTH-stimulated ecdysteroidogenesis. Consequently, the integration of these opposing factors in steroidogenic tissues leads to a complex secretory pattern. A recombinant form of prothoracicotropic hormone (rPTTH) from the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was expressed and purified to perform in vitro tests in a standard and repeatable manner. A characterization of rPTTH primary and secondary structures was performed. The ability of rPTTH and H. virescens BE to stimulate ecdysteroidogenesis was investigated on the third day of fifth larval stage. rPTTH activity was compared with the BE mixture by enzyme immunoassay and western blot, revealing that they equally stimulate the production of significant amount of ecdysone, through a transduction cascade that includes the TOR pathway, by the phosphorylation of 4E binding protein (4E-BP) and S6 kinase (S6K), the main targets of TOR protein. The results of these experiments suggest the importance of obtaining a functional pure hormone to perform further studies, not depending on the crude brain extract, composed by different elements and susceptible to different uncontrollable variables.

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