Mechanistic study of solvent exchange reactions of manganese(II), iron(II), nickel(II), copper(II), and iron(III) ions in bulky 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea (TMU) solvent by measurements of oxygen-17 NMR relaxation rates and chemical shifts: Complexation reaction of nickel(II) ion in TMU and crystal structure of [Ni(tmu)5](BPh4)2

2006 ◽  
Vol 359 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichiro Tanada ◽  
Akira Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroaki Tsuji ◽  
Kaoru Kato ◽  
Yasuhiro Inada ◽  
...  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Edwards ◽  
Abdolreza Javidialesaadi ◽  
Katie Weigandt ◽  
George Stan ◽  
Charles Eads

We study molecular arrangements and dynamics in alkyl ethoxylate nonionic surfactant micelles by combining high field (600 and 700 MHz) NMR relaxation measurements with large-scale atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. For spherical micelles, but not for cylindrical micelles, cross relaxation rates are positive only for surfactant alkyl tail atoms connected to the hydrophilic head group. All cross relaxation rates are negative for cylindrical micelles. This effect is reproducible either by changing composition (ratios of the nonionic surfactants) or changing temperature of a single surfactant in order to change the micelle shape. We validate the micelle shape by SANS and use the results as a guide for our simulations. We calculate parameters that determine relaxation rates directly from simulated trajectories, without introducing specific functional forms. Results indicate that relative motions of nearby atoms are liquid-like, in agreement with 13C T1 measurements, though constrained by micelle morphology. Relative motions of distant atoms have slower components because the relative changes in distances and angles are smaller when the moving atoms are further apart. The slow, long-range motions appear to be responsible for the predominantly negative cross relaxation rates observed in NOESY spectra. The densities of atoms from positions 1 and 2 in the boundary region are lower in spherical micelles compared to cylindrical micelles. Correspondingly, motions in this region are less constrained by micelle morphology in the spherical compared to the cylindrical cases. The two effects of morphology lead to the unusual occurrence of positive cross relaxation involving positions 1 and 2 for spheres.


2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Dorra Kanzari-Mnallah ◽  
Med L. Efrit ◽  
Jiří Pavlíček ◽  
Frédéric Vellieux ◽  
Habib Boughzala ◽  
...  

Thioxo, Oxo and Seleno diastereomeric cyclophosphamides containing 1,3,2- dioxaphosphorinane are prepared by a one-step chemical reaction. Their structural determination is carried out by means of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR (31P, 1 H, 13C) and High-Resolution Mass Spectroscopy (HRMS). The conformational study of diastereomeric products is described. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations allowed the identification of preferred conformations. Experimental and calculated 31P, 13C, 1H NMR chemical shifts are compared. The molecular structure of the 2-Benzylamino-5-methyl-5- propyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane (3d) has been determined by means of crystal Xray diffraction methods.


1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2121-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernande D. , ◽  
Corinne Bensimon ◽  
André L. Beauchamp

Complexes of the type [Pt(L)Cl3]− (L = pyridine derivative) were synthesized and studied by 13C and 195Pt NMR spectroscopies. The 195Pt signals were observed between −1720 and −1897 ppm. No correlation between the δ(Pt) and the pKa of the protonated pyridine derivatives was found. The chemical shifts vary with the substituents on the pyridine ligand. Compounds with substituents in ortho positions were observed at lower fields, except for complexes containing hydroxy or amine groups. The latter compounds were observed at higher fields, close to the signals of the Pt-unsubstituted pyridine compound. These results were explained in terms of the solvent effect. The chemical shifts δ(C) and the coupling constants J(13C–195Pt) were measured and the results interpreted with a view of obtaining information on the nature of the Pt—N bond. The possibility of π-bonding between platinum and the pyridine ligand is examined. The conformation of the pyridine ring in relation to the platinum plane and the energies of the rotation barriers around the Pt—N bond in these types of platinum(II) complexes are briefly discussed. The crystal structure of trans-Pt(2,6-(HOCH2)2py)2Cl2•2H2O was determined by X-ray diffraction. The compound is monoclinic, C2/m, a = 7.022(6), b = 15.646(13), c = 8.344(10) Å, β = 93.35(8)°, Z = 2, R = 0.037. The platinum atom is located at the junction of the twofold axis and the mirror plane, the N atoms and the para-C atom of the pyridine ring are situated on the twofold axis, and the chloride ligands are on the mirror plane. The compound crystallizes with molecules of water, which are H-bonded to the hydroxy groups. The Pt—Cl bond distance is 2.306(2) Å, and that of the Pt—N bond is 2.041 (6) Å. The dihedral angle between the platinum and the pyridine planes is 79.8°. Key words: platinum, pyridine derivatives, NMR, crystal structure.


2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 868-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman E. Heimer ◽  
John S. Wilkes ◽  
Phillip G. Wahlbeck ◽  
W. Robert Carper

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassil El-Zaatari ◽  
Jacob Ishibashi ◽  
Julia Kalow

<div><p>Vitrimers are a class of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) that undergo topology reconfiguration via associative exchange reactions, enabling reprocessing at elevated temperatures. Here, we show that cross-linker reactivity represents an additional design parameter to tune stress relaxation rates in vitrimers. Guided by calculated activation barriers, we prepared a series of cross-linkers with varying reactivity for the conjugate addition—elimination of thiols in a PDMS vitrimer. Surprisingly, despite a wide range of stress relaxation rates, we observe that the flow activation energy of the bulk material is independent of the cross-linker structure. Superposition of storage and loss moduli from frequency sweeps can be performed for different cross-linkers, indicating the same exchange mechanism. We show that we can mix different cross-linkers in a single material in order to further modulate the stress relaxation behavior.</p></div>


Soft Matter ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Soman ◽  
Yoo Kyung Go ◽  
Chengtian Shen ◽  
Cecilia Leal ◽  
Christopher M. Evans

Vitrimers, dynamic polymer networks with topology conserving exchange reactions, can lead to unusual evolution of the melting temperature and crystal structure of ethylene networks.


1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Haid ◽  
D. Köhnlein ◽  
G. Kössler ◽  
O. Lutz ◽  
W. Messner ◽  
...  

Abstract45Sc NMR chemical shifts, linewidths, and longitudinal relaxation rates have been measured in aqueous solutions of scandium chloride and sulphate as a function of the appropriate acid. A common typical behaviour of these parameters without sudden changes has been observed. Also signals in the basic range have been obtained. H2O -D2O solvent isotope effects on Larmor frequency and relaxation rates are presented.


1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 857-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Zeidler ◽  
D. S. Gill ◽  
M. D. Zeidler

Abstract Proton and oxygen-17 nmr relaxation rates of CD317OH as well as deuteron nmr relaxation rates of CH3OD were measured in mixtures with carbon tetrachloride at different compositions and temperatures. By varying the 170-content different contributions to the proton relaxation rate could be separated and from the 17O-H dipolar interaction contribution the correlation time τ2OH of the OH bond was determined. Using these correlation times the composition dependence of the deuterium and oxygen-17 quadrupole coupling constants of methanol was derived. A strong variation of the coupling constants over the measured composition range is evident


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