scholarly journals Optimization Alternatives for Robust Model-based Design of Synthetic Biological Circuits**The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union (FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement n°604068), the Spanish Government (FEDER-CICYT DPI2011-524 28112-C04-01, DPI2014-55276-C5-1-R, DPI2015-70975-P) and the National Council of Scientific and Technologic Development of Brazil (BJT-304804/2014-2). Yadira Boada thanks also grant FPI/2013-3242 of the Universitat Politècnica de Valencia.

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 821-826
Author(s):  
Y. Boada ◽  
J.L. Pitarch ◽  
A. Vignoni ◽  
G. Reynoso-Meza ◽  
J. Picó
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Biological Circuits

scholarly journals LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK OF BROADCASTING IN ROMANIA AND IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Prihoanca ◽  
Brândușa-Mariana Amălăncei
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Level ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
European Standards

Romania’s adherence to the European Union implied the previous and entire acceptance of the Community acquis in force on 31st of December 1999. Our country didn’t request any period of transition or of derogation in this meaning, being among the first states from East Europe that regulated the audio-visual department, after the occidental model. In order to harmonize the Romanian legislation with the European standards, The National Council of the Audio-Visual Department adopted and transposed a whole range of acts and decisions that we will try to synthesize in our paper. In the adoption of the acquis, the NAC has to watch whether the adopted decisions are conform to the progress at European level. It is necessary to continue strengthening the administrative capacities of NAC to ensure a transparent and predictable implementation of the regulatory framework in the field of audiovisual policy. In Romania, the normative acts that regulate aspects concerning general advertising and promotional communication through television are: Advertising Act and the Broadcasting Act.

scholarly journals Constitutional basis of Austria’s accession to the European Union

2009 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
E. A. Vodyanitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

On 1 January 1995 Austria became a member of the European Union. Austria’s accession to the EU constituted the most important transfer of jurisdiction in the history of the Federal Constitution. On this occasion the Austrian legislature passed an amendment to the Federal Constitution which provides for the participation of Austrian organs in the decision-making process of the European Union. The legal basis of Austria’s membership in the EU is the treaty on accession to the European Union and the special constitutional bill authorizing the competent authorities to ratify the treaty on accession. First of all, provisions on the election of Austrian members to the European Parliament were introduced by the amendment into the Constitution. Secondly, the amendment contains a procedure for participation of the Austrian lands and local governments in the decisions of the European Union. Thirdly, the legislative bodies on the central government level (National Council and Federal Council) are also accorded the right to participate in decision-making of the EU. Finally, a special provision confirming Austria’s participation in the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the Union was introduced.

scholarly journals Aplicación del Modelo de Gravedad entre Ecuador y la Unión Europea para el periodo 2001 – 2017

UDA AKADEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 10-45
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Albornoz-Flores ◽  
Luis Bernardo Tonon-Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Independent Variable

La presente investigación analizó el comercio existente entre Ecuador y la Unión Europea, para el período 2001 – 2017 de forma semestral. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la influencia de determinadas variables en la relación comercial entre estos dos entes económicos, para lo cual, se aplicó, como herramienta econométrica, el modelo de gravedad, a través del uso de datos de panel con efectos aleatorios y mediante el método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. Se comprobó que, para el comercio entre Ecuador y la Unión Europea, las variables de los PIB de cada país y la distancia entre las capitales de los diferentes países estudiados, son los que determinan el intercambio comercial total entre Ecuador y la Unión Europea en un 45.67% (coeficiente de determinación ajustado). Los coeficientes obtenidos para cada variable independiente fueron de: 1.24 para el PIB del Ecuador, 0.78 para el PIB de cada país de la Unión Europea y de 5.57 para la distancia entre los países estudiados. Siendo este un modelo robusto, con significancia econométrica y que presenta los signos esperados. De manera que, la aplicación de este modelo permitió aportar a la investigación económica del país y generar una herramienta que facilite la toma de decisiones con relación a la política comercial ecuatoriana con la Unión Europea.Palabras Clave: Comercio Exterior, economía internacional, modelo de gravedad, Unión Europea, Ecuador.Abstract This investigation analyzed the existing commerce between Ecuador and the European Union for the period 2001 - 2017. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of certain variables on the commercial relationship between these two economic agents. For which the gravity model was applied, as an econometric tool, through the use of panel data with random effects and applying the method of ordinary least squares. It was found that, for the trade between Ecuador and the European Union the variables of the GDP of each country and the distance between the capitals of the different countries studied, are those that determine the total commercial exchange between Ecuador and the European Union by 45.67% (adjusted coefficient of determination). The coefficients obtained for each independent variable were: 1.24 for the GDP of Ecuador, 0.78 for the GDP of each country in the European Union, and 5.57 for the distance between the countries studied. Being this regression a robust model, with econometric significance that presents the expected signs. The application of this model allowed us to contribute to the economic research of the country and generate a tool that facilitates decision making in relation to Ecuadorian trade policy with the European Union.Keywords: Gravity model, international economy, international trade, European Union, Ecuador.

scholarly journals Energy paths in the European Union: A model-based clustering approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 442-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Csereklyei ◽  
Paul W. Thurner ◽  
Johannes Langer ◽  
Helmut Küchenhoff
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Model Based Clustering ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Clustering Approach

scholarly journals Energy Paths in the European Union: A Model-Based Clustering Approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Csereklyei ◽  
Paul W. Thurner ◽  
Johannes Langer ◽  
Helmut Kuchenhoff
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Model Based Clustering ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Clustering Approach

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL BASES AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EU YOUTH POLICY

2016 ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
E. N. Grachev
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Young People ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
European Youth ◽  
Supranational Level ◽  
The Eu

Europe is making significant efforts to create a common space where not only common political institutions and values, but also common future is to be shaped. And it is young people who is selected to be the main policy object for building common European identity. To this end in recent years, the European Union has worked out the institutional mechanisms of its youth policy, has formed special agencies for its implementation, developed legal framework. The main document, which laid the conceptual basis of EU youth policy is the White Paper. The document determines the most challenging issues in youth policy that need to be resolved in the short and long term. The next major document - the European Youth Pact - has become a real legal act which came into force throughout the European Union. The most important document which determines the guidelines of the current EU youth policy is a strategy "Youth - Investing and Empowering." The strategy settles a key vector of European youth policy for all EU countries. All documents take into account the interests of the whole EU and not individual nation states that is why they influence young people at the supranational level. The European Union has developed a full-fledged system of management of youth policy on two levels: the supranational (pan-European) and national. Council of Europe and European Parliament are responsible for the implementation of youth policy at supranational level. Various national agencies are responsible for the implementation of certain EU youth programs at national level. The EU documents on the youth policy show that the youth is viewed by European politicians as one of the most politically important social groups in Europe. That is why youth policy is directed not only at youth development, but has to it a significant political component. A significant part of the youth policy is related to the involvement of young people in the democratic institutions, the involvement of young people in the EU governance.

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