Antibacterial effect of bacteriocin XJS01 and its application as antibiofilm agents to treat multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection

Multidrug resistant (MDR) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a superbug pathogen that causes serious diseases. One of the main reasons for the lack of the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy against infections caused by this resistant pathogen is the recalcitrant nature of MRSA biofilms, which results in an increasingly serious situation worldwide. Consequently, the development of innovative biofilm inhibitors is urgently needed to control the biofilm formation by this pathogen. In this work, we thus sought to evaluate the biofilm inhibiting ability of some promising antibiofilm agents such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zno NPs), proteinase K, and hamamelitannin (HAM) in managing the MRSA biofilms. Different phenotypic and genotypic methods were used to identify the biofilm producing MDR MRSA isolates and the antibiofilm/antimicrobial activities of the used promising agents. Our study demonstrated strong antibiofilm activities of ZnO NPs, proteinase K, and HAM against MRSA biofilms along with their transcriptional modulation of biofilm (intercellular adhesion A, icaA) and quorum sensing (QS) (agr) genes. Interestingly, only ZnO NPs showed a powerful antimicrobial activity against this pathogen. Collectively, we observed overall positive correlations between the biofilm production and the antimicrobial resistance/agr genotypes II and IV. Meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between the toxin genes and the biofilm production. The ZnO NPs were recommended to be used alone as potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents against MDR MRSA and their biofilm-associated diseases. On the other hand, proteinase-K and HAM can be co-administrated with other antimicrobial agents to manage such types of infections.

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Multidrug-resistant tuberculous subdural empyema with secondary methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection: An unusual presentation of cranial tuberculosis in an infant

Neurology India ◽

10.4103/0028-3886.96412 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 231 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

RanjithK Moorthy ◽

Vedantam Rajshekhar ◽

MazdaK Turel

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Subdural Empyema ◽

Unusual Presentation ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Aureus Infection

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An aryl isonitrile compound with an improved physicochemical profile that is effective in two mouse models of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1016/j.jgar.2019.04.016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Haroon Mohammad ◽

Kwaku Kyei-Baffour ◽

Nader S. Abutaleb ◽

Mingji Dai ◽

Mohamed N. Seleem

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Aureus Infection

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Bovine abortion associated with Staphylococcus aureus infection - characterization of S. aureus strain isolated from fetal tissues

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20190901 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Luan Cleber Henker ◽

Marina Paula Lorenzett ◽

Camila Imperico Riboldi ◽

Franciele Maboni Siqueira ◽

David Driemeier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Fetal Loss ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Aureus Strain ◽

Alpha Hemolysin ◽

Aureus Infection ◽

Bronchiolar Epithelium ◽

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin ◽

Bovine Abortion

ABSTRACT: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium, commonly found colonizing the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals. This report describes a case of fetal loss associated with S. aureus infection in a cow. A six-month old, crossbred male bovine fetus from a beef farm was submitted for necropsy. At gross examination fibrinous pleuropneumonia was observed. Histologically, lesions were restricted to the lungs and consisted of marked multifocal to coalescing areas of inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils, abundant fibrin exudation, necrosis of bronchiolar epithelium and numerous aggregates of coccoid bacteria. Lung and abomasal fluid bacterial culture yielded pure culture of S. aureus, which was characterized as a multidrug resistant strain. Molecular analysis indicated that the studied strain presented several genes of virulence factors including toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tst), staphylococcal enterotoxin type A (sea), Panton-Valentine leukocidin (pvl), alpha-hemolysin (hla) and delta-hemolysin (hld). This report documents an infrequent case of fetal loss in cattle due to infection with a highly virulent S. aureus strain.

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Eugenol Provokes ROS-Mediated Membrane Damage-Associated Antibacterial Activity against Clinically Isolated Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Infectious Diseases Research and Treatment ◽

10.4137/idrt.s31741 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. IDRT.S31741 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Balaram Das ◽

Debasis Mandal ◽

Sandeep Kumar Dash ◽

Sourav Chattopadhyay ◽

Satyajit Tripathy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Membrane Damage ◽

Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Vancomycin Resistance ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Antibiotics Resistance ◽

Aureus Infection ◽

Vancomycin Resistant

Due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, resistance to antibiotics has increased remarkably in Staphylococcus aureus. Vancomycin is the final drug to treat the S. aureus infection, but nowadays, resistance to this antibiotic is also increasing. So, the investigation of antibiotic resistance pattern is important. As there is already resistance to vancomycin, there is an urgent need to develop a new kind of antimicrobial to treat S. aureus infection. Eugenol may be the new drug of choice. This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of eugenol against vancomycin-resistant S. aureus isolated from clinical pus samples. Thirty six pus samples were included in the study. Samples were isolated, identified and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed as per routine laboratory protocol. The antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of killing of eugenol were studied. Out of 36 pus samples, only 20 isolates were confirmed as S. aureus strains and 6 isolates exhibited vancomycin resistance. Eugenol successfully destroyed the vancomycin-resistant strains via reactive oxygen species generation and membrane damage. The prevalence of vancomycin resistance is increased day by day in different countries, and necessary steps to prevent the spread and emergence of resistance should be taken. The findings of the study suggested that eugenol might be used to treat vancomycin-resistant S. aureus.

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Pentacyclic triterpenoids as antibiofilm agents against methicillin-resistant and biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201022666210806092643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Pooi Yin Chung ◽

Ming Yi Gan ◽

Beek Yoke Chin

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Betulinic Acid ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Host Immune System ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Pentacyclic Triterpenoids ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Conventional Antibiotics ◽

Antibiofilm Agents

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been constantly evolving and developing resistance against conventional antibiotics. One of the key features of MRSA that enables it to develop resistance to antibiotics and host immune system is its ability to form biofilm in indwelling medical devices. In previous studies, the antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of action of three known pentacyclic triterpenoids α-amyrin, betulinic acid and betulinaldehyde against planktonic cells of MRSA were determined and elucidated. Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of the three compounds to significantly reduce the biomass of pre-formed biofilms of MRSA and metabolic activity of the bacterial cells in the biofilm. Methods: The anti-biofilm activity of α-amyrin, betulinic acid and betulinaldehyde, individually and in combination with oxacillin or vancomycin, against reference strain of MRSA in pre-formed biofilm were evaluated using the crystal violet and resazurin assays. Results: α-amyrin and betulinic acid significantly reduced the biomass of pre-formed biofilms of MRSA as individual compounds and in combination with oxacillin or vancomycin. Although betulinaldehyde individually increased the biomass, selected combinations with oxacillin and vancomycin were able to reduce the biomass. All three compounds did not show cytotoxic properties on normal mammalian cells. Conclusion: The three pentacyclic triterpenoids could significantly reduce pre-formed biofilm of MRSA with no cytotoxic effects on normal mammalian cells. These findings demonstrated that pentacyclic triterpenoids have the potential to be developed further as antibiofilm agents against MRSA cells in biofilms, to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming S. aureus.

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