Steady-state design of CO2 pipeline networks for minimal cost per tonne of CO2 avoided

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 150-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Fimbres Weihs ◽  
D.E. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Pipeline Networks

scholarly journals Model relaxations for the fuel cost minimization of steady-state gas pipeline networks

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 197-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suming Wu ◽  
R.Z. Ríos-Mercado ◽  
E.A. Boyd ◽  
L.R. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Fuel Cost Minimization

scholarly journals Generalization of Methods for Calculating Steady-State Flow Distribution in Pipeline Networks for Non-Conventional Flow Models

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Nikolay Novitsky ◽  
Egor Mikhailovsky
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Steady State Flow ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
State Flow ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Uniqueness Of A Solution ◽  
Nodal Pressure

This paper proposes generalized models and methods for calculating flow distribution in hydraulic circuits with lumped parameters. The main models of the isothermal steady-state flow of medium are classified by an element of the hydraulic circuit. These models include conventional, implicitly specified by flow rate, and pressure-dependent ones. The conditions for their applicability, which ensure the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the flow distribution problem, are considered. We propose generalized nodal pressure and loop flow rate methods, which can be applied regardless of the forms of specific element models. Final algorithms, which require lower computational costs versus the known approaches designed for non-conventional flow models, are substantiated. Proposed models, methods, algorithms, and their capabilities, are analytically and numerically illustrated by an example of a fragment of gas transmission network with compressor stations.

Studies on Water in the Hydration Chamber of a Modified Electron Microscope

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
R. C. Moretz ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Equilibrium Pressure ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Mechanical Pump ◽  
Differential Pumping

Use of the electron microscope to examine wet objects is possible due to the small mass thickness of the equilibrium pressure of water vapor at room temperature. Previous attempts to examine hydrated biological objects and water itself used a chamber consisting of two small apertures sealed by two thin films. Extensive work in our laboratory showed that such films have an 80% failure rate when wet. Using the principle of differential pumping of the microscope column, we can use open apertures in place of thin film windows.Fig. 1 shows the modified Siemens la specimen chamber with the connections to the water supply and the auxiliary pumping station. A mechanical pump is connected to the vapor supply via a 100μ aperture to maintain steady-state conditions.

Continuous hydrogenolysis of acetal-stabilized lignin in flow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Lan ◽  
Yuan Peng Du ◽  
Songlan Sun ◽  
Jean Behaghel de Bueren ◽  
Florent Héroguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

We performed a steady state high-yielding depolymerization of soluble acetal-stabilized lignin in flow, which offered a window into challenges and opportunities that will be faced when continuously processing this feedstock.

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