scholarly journals Uncertainty analysis of steady-state measurements with a hot-filament type calorimetric emissometer

Author(s):  
Kyle L. Walton ◽  
Faten N. Al Zubaidi ◽  
Gabriela M. García-Delgado ◽  
Robert V. Tompson ◽  
Sudarshan K. Loyalka ◽  
...  

The L emission series of most of the heavy elements from ytterbium to uranium have been investigated by Coster and by Dauvillier, but their tables of results do not include measurements for some of the radio-active elements and for mercury. Muller, in 1921, by means of a tube of the “gas-filled” type and a liquid-mercury target, overcame the inherent difficulty regarding mercury, viz., that of the rapid volatilization of the mercury from the face of the anticathode. It has been found possible to prepare targets amalgamated with mercury which are sufficiently lasting to enable their use in a tube of the hot filament type; by this means measurements of the wave-lengths of the emission lines have been made with an accuracy exceeding that of Muller. In addition, several new lines have been measured, and an attempt made to clear up a certain amount of confusion which exists regarding the designation of some of the lines of the L spectra of elements of higher atomic number.


2005 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 378-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-Yong Chen ◽  
David Gottlieb ◽  
Jan S. Hesthaven

Author(s):  
R. C. Moretz ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons

Use of the electron microscope to examine wet objects is possible due to the small mass thickness of the equilibrium pressure of water vapor at room temperature. Previous attempts to examine hydrated biological objects and water itself used a chamber consisting of two small apertures sealed by two thin films. Extensive work in our laboratory showed that such films have an 80% failure rate when wet. Using the principle of differential pumping of the microscope column, we can use open apertures in place of thin film windows.Fig. 1 shows the modified Siemens la specimen chamber with the connections to the water supply and the auxiliary pumping station. A mechanical pump is connected to the vapor supply via a 100μ aperture to maintain steady-state conditions.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Lan ◽  
Yuan Peng Du ◽  
Songlan Sun ◽  
Jean Behaghel de Bueren ◽  
Florent Héroguel ◽  
...  

We performed a steady state high-yielding depolymerization of soluble acetal-stabilized lignin in flow, which offered a window into challenges and opportunities that will be faced when continuously processing this feedstock.


2008 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo D. Sontag

This paper discusses a theoretical method for the “reverse engineering” of networks based solely on steady-state (and quasi-steady-state) data.


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