scholarly journals Clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients and the hospital environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. e691-e695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Javidnia ◽  
Malihe Talebi ◽  
Mahnaz Saifi ◽  
Mohammad Katouli ◽  
Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS RISK PERCEPTION BY HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongo Rémi Kouabenan ◽  
Michel Dubois ◽  
Régis de Gaudemaris ◽  
Fabien Scarnato ◽  
Marie-Reine Mallaret
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staff Members

This study examines perceived risk of contamination by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among healthcare personnel in a French university hospital. MRSA poses a public health threat for healthcare staff who work in a hospital environment. This study is part of a pluridisciplinary research project on the risk factors of MRSA contamination. In many studies (Kouabenan, 1998; Slovic, 1987; Slovic et al., 1981), risk perception appears to be an important factor in understanding attitudes towards accident prevention and selfprotective behavior. A questionnaire measuring several dimensions of perceived MRSA risk (risk for oneself, risk for others, severity, controllability, frequency, preventive efforts) and a questionnaire assessing optimism were administered to 187 hospital staff members of various occupations. The results revealed that the risk of MRSA contamination was well perceived as a whole by healthcare personnel. However, certain factors like proximity to patients and length of service tended to be accompanied by an underestimation of the risk, while other factors like little education, working part-time, and a lack of experience tended to cause overestimation. Preventive measures are recommended.

scholarly journals Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive MRSA in 2003: the Dutch situation

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J B Wannet ◽  
M E Heck ◽  
G N Pluister ◽  
E Spalburg ◽  
M G Van Santen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Molecular Subtyping ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in the Netherlands in 2003 revealed that 8% of the hospital isolates carried the loci for Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). Molecular subtyping showed that most Dutch PVL-MRSA genotypes corresponded to well-documented global epidemic types. The most common PVL-MRSA genotypes were sequence type ST8, ST22, ST30, ST59 and ST80. MRSA with ST8 increased in the Netherlands from 1% in 2002 to 17% in 2003. It is emphasised that PVL-MRSA might not only emerge in the community, but also in the hospital environment.

scholarly journals The Study of Quality Evaluation of A Hand Rub (Hand Sanitizer) With Who-Based-Standard Formulation and Percent Reduction of Bacteria (Percentage Kill Bacteria) In Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Subhan ◽  
Wasmen Manalu ◽  
Min Rahminiwati ◽  
Huda Salahudin Darusman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Standard Formulation ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

The pandemic that occurred caused both by COVID-19 (currently occurring), as well as the clone of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the previous period, has really threatened human life. This condition requires materials that can break the chain of transmission from human to human and the environment to human. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of alcohol-based hand rub with WHO-based-standard formulation based on the stability of the formulation, the risk of irritation, and the ability to kill bacteria. Assessment on the presence of rancidity, clarity, discoloration, final alcohol content, and skin irritation risk was done to know the quality of product formulation. A bacterial Methicillin resistance staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was used to assess the percentage of bacterial killing power. The selected bacteria were bacteria commonly found in the hospital environment. The results of formulation stability from four variants of level modification showed that MK.IV has good stability compared to other formulation modifications. In terms of irritation risk, twenty-three selected subjects were generally well tolerated in use. The results of the percentage kill test against MRSA showed that the percentage kill is 99.90% at 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The selected manufacturer's product also showed the same percentage kill value at the 1st, 2nd, and 5th minute. The results of the percentage kill test showed that the effective value for each contact time is ≥ 90%.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitals of Kathmandu Valley

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena K Mukhiya ◽  
Anima Shrestha ◽  
Shiba K Rai ◽  
Kritu Panta ◽  
RN Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Hand Hygiene Improvement ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nasal Carrier ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Care Workers

NOTE: The first author (Reena K. Mukhiya) was omitted as an author of this paper in the table of contents for this issue and on the webpage. This was an error. Reena Mukhiya was always included as the first author on the PDF of the article. 11 December 2014.Present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of nosocomial pathogen methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital environment samples (surface swabs and air, n=188) and health care workers (nose and hand, n=162) of hospitals located in Kathmandu valley. The samples were studied following the standard protocols. Of the 61 S. aureus, 20.9% and 14.3% were isolated from health personnel and hospital environment respectively. Of 20.9% S. aureus in hospital environment, 6.6% were isolated from OPD and 17.9% from wards. Similarly, in HCWs 28.3% and 13.5% were hand and nasal carrier respectively. In total, 45.9% were MRSA. Among MRSA isolates, 50% were from HCWs whereas, 40.7% from hospital environment. The most effective antibiotic for all isolates was vancomycin with 100% efficacy. The isolates had relatively high rate of resistance to cefixime (44.0%), followed by co-trimoxazole (28.0%), erythromycin (23.0%), gentamicin (18.0%), tetracycline (16.0%) and ofloxacin (8.0%). Since MRSA prevalence was not reduced, so indicates regular surveillance of nosocomial infection, hand hygiene improvement strategies and monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 185-190 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7734

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Patients Hospitalized during 2015–2017 in Hospitals in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kot ◽  
Kamila Wierzchowska ◽  
Małgorzata Piechota ◽  
Agata Grużewska
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Spa Gene

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical samples from patients hospitalized during 2015–2017 in hospitals of ­Masovian district in Poland. Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial resistance of 112 MRSA isolates was tested with a disc diffusion method. Isolates were examined for methicillin resistance using a 30 µg cefoxitin disk. Resistance was confirmed by PCR detection of the mecA gene. PCR was also used to determine spa gene polymorphism in X-region. Results: A large number of MRSA isolates showed resistance to levofloxacin (83.9%), ciprofloxacin (83%), erythromycin (77.7%) and clindamycin (72.3%). A lower number of MRSA isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (10.7%), amikacin (14.2%), gentamicin and trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole (8.0%). None of the MRSA isolates were resistant to linezolid and teicoplanin. Among MRSA isolates, 92.9% were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was the most common resistance pattern among MDR MRSA isolates. The highest number of isolates was resistant to 4 groups of antimicrobials (53.8%). The number of drugs to which MRSA isolates were resistant in 2017 was significantly higher than that in 2016 (p = 0.002). The size polymorphism analysis of X fragment of the spa gene revealed high genetic diversity of the investigated group MRSA isolates. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that in the hospital environment, MRSA isolates can quickly acquire new antimicrobial resistance determinants and that knowledge of current resistance patterns is important for the effective treatment of infections caused by MDR MRSA.

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